Thomas G Pickering

..In obese subjects it is important to use a cuff of the correct size...

..Albuminuria may mediate the association between BP and mortality...

..No plausible mechanism has been identified by which long sleep duration could lead to diabetes...

..No epidemiologic studies have published multivariate analyses stratified by age, even though life expectancy is 75 years and the majority of deaths occur in the elderly...

..In conclusion, nocturnal blood pressure elevation was the strongest predictor of worsening albuminuria. Home blood pressure measurements added to office measurements and may constitute an adequate substitute for ambulatory monitoring...

..In order to address the limited reproducibility of dipping measures, we investigated this question in a sample of participants who underwent multiple ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) sessions...

..The purpose of this study was to evaluate possible race differences in the relationship between hypertension labeling and health-related quality of life and depression...

..No previous published population studies have examined whether insomnia and sleep duration mediate the relationship between depression and hypertension incidence...

..The data suggest that physicians should evaluate blood pressure and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol as well as other cardiovascular risk factors without regard to whether a patient meets the criteria for the MS...

..Resting levels taken in the clinic may also be elevated, and will therefore underestimate the WCE...

..The purpose of this study was to validate an oscillometric home blood pressure monitor in an end-stage renal disease population and to determine the effect of arterial stiffness on its accuracy...

..We tested the hypothesis that the white coat effect may be a conditioned response as opposed to a manifestation of general anxiety...

..To determine the association between ambulatory blood pressure (BP) and hot flash experience...

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..However, when using an increase of 1 SD, the RR associated with SBP was larger than for PP. Although both are predictors, the authors conclude that SBP has a larger RR than PP for coronary heart disease events...

..However, recent evidence suggests that the difference varies systematically with age...

..Mechanisms underlying the white coat effect remain poorly understood but are critical to improving the accuracy of clinic blood pressure measurement...

..Whether this is due to the greater reliability owing to the larger number of measurements that are usually taken using ambulatory monitoring, or the greater validity of these measurements independent of the number, remains controversial...

..Ambulatory BP monitoring is the best established technique for doing this, but home monitoring may be applicable in the future...

..To determine whether elevated clinic blood pressure compared with daytime ambulatory blood pressure, referred to as the white-coat effect, is associated with anxiety and increased blood pressure expectancy in the doctor's office...

..These findings provide some support for the hypothesis of an effect of cumulative burden of exposure to job strain on systolic blood pressure...

..Whether these findings show that it is the circulating levels of TGF-beta1 that contribute to renal disease progression or the findings reflect other unmeasured factors, further longitudinal studies are needed...

..This study attempted to determine whether the association between job strain (high job demands plus low job control) and blood pressure among men varies by socioeconomic status...

..We tested whether incorporating an upper office blood pressure (OBP) cut-off in the algorithm, higher than the traditional 140/90 mmHg, reduces the need for HBPM and ABPM...

..26 mm Hg; SE=1.0 and 1.1; p=nonsignificant). Morning BP surge is unlikely to account for differences in stroke incidence between African Americans and whites...

..We examined the prevalence and determinants of ISH in this age group using the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) and made comparisons using data from NHANES III (1988-1994)...

..There are several issues to be addressed, which include the significance of pulse pressure as a risk factor, the reliability of measurement of blood pressure in the elderly, choice of drugs and lifestyles, and management of the very old...

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..It is not known, in a normotensive and nondiabetic sample, whether elevated urinary albumin levels predict future increases in BP...

..These findings have implications for SDB screening and treatment. Distinguishing between hypertensive subtypes reveals a stronger association between SDB and hypertension for those aged <60 years than previously reported...

..Non-Hispanic blacks have higher rates of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality from hypertension and are more likely to have ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) that remains high at night (nondipping)...

..The impact of the 11 September 2001 (9/11) attacks in New York City had far greater reach, and has been sustained by subsequent events...

..It is diminished but not obliterated by drug treatment. It is not closely related to overall blood pressure variability, and does not predict cardiovascular risk. The white coat effect appears to be idiosyncratic to the clinic setting...

..It is unclear to what extent interarm blood pressure (BP) differences are reproducible vs the result of random error. The present study was designed to resolve this issue...

..This strategy should, therefore, be routinely used in the management of patients with hypertension...

..Diabetic patients with MHT showed evidence of brain and kidney damage. Hence, out-of-office monitoring of BP may be indicated in diabetics whose BP is normal in the clinic...

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..We assessed the adequacy of existing British Hypertension Society (BHS) and Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI) validation standards for automatic blood pressure monitoring devices...

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..The use of drugs effective for treatment of panic disorder can also be helpful in managing these patients...

..Adjusting for baseline cardiovascular risk factors, participants with elevated depression scores at baseline were >2 times as likely as those with no depressive symptoms to have carotid plaque...

..Thus, it may be a valuable tool for measuring the health effects of historical job characteristics, which often change over time...

..In addition, they also show that among employed women who perceive greater stress at home than at work, higher home stress levels may also elevate sleep BP levels...

..We evaluated the safety and efficacy of sildenafil citrate for treating ED in men taking multiple antihypertensive medications in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial...

..The morning surge of blood pressure (BP) is associated with alpha-adrenergic activity. We studied the association between the alpha-adrenergic morning surge in BP and silent cerebrovascular disease in elderly patients with hypertension...

..Cardiovascular events occur most frequently in the morning hours. We prospectively studied the association between the morning blood pressure (BP) surge and stroke in elderly hypertensives...

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..Anti-hypertensive medication that normalizes the diurnal blood pressure variation might improve the cardiovascular prognosis in high-risk hypertensive patients...

..Patients with WCHT also showed no benefit...

..Doxazosin is reported to increase the incidence of congestive heart failure. The benefits of doxazosin, for controlling morning blood pressure as well as its effect on the left ventricular structure and function, are herein examined...

..In conclusion, WCH was not associated with a definitely increased risk of stroke during the total follow-up period. However, WCH might not be a benign condition for stroke in the long term...

..The impact on microalbuminuria of strict treatment aimed at lowering of self-measured morning blood pressure using an adrenergic blockade is unclear...

..In the very old (older than 75 years), however, there were no consistent associations between pulse pressure measures and BNP. More studies are needed in the evaluation of cardiac risk with hemodynamic measures in the very old...

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..Past studies did not compare daytime and nighttime ambulatory blood-pressure responses to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in African Americans and Caucasians...

..In conclusion, impaired BRS evaluated by the Valsalva method was associated with high morning BP level, independent of other confounders. Morning hypertension might be partly mediated by impaired BRS...

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..We found, in a multiethnic group of older subjects with type 2 diabetes, that office systolic blood pressure and awake systolic ambulatory blood pressure exhibited independent associations with degree of albuminuria...

..The goal of the present article was to investigate the relationship of perceived racism to ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) in a sample of American-born Blacks and Latinos...

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..There is increasing evidence that a failure of blood pressure to fall during the night may be associated with increased risk. In obese patients and children, the use of an appropriate cuff size is of paramount importance...

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..There is increasing evidence that a failure of blood pressure to fall during the night may be associated with increased risk. In obese patients and children, the use of an appropriate cuff size is of paramount importance...

..However, the predictor of high PR at home in treated hypertensives is unknown. In this study, we studied the predictor of high PR and evaluated pulse rate variability (PRV)...

..In conclusion, HBP falls approximately 20% less than CBP with antihypertensive treatments. Daytime systolic BP falls 15% less and nighttime systolic BP falls 30% less than home systolic BP...