Antonia New

..Preclinical studies show that orbital frontal cortex (OFC) plays a role in regulating impulsive aggression. Prior work has found OFC dysfunction in BPD...

..BPD patients are highly responsive to the feelings of others, but they are impaired in identifying/describing feelings and in taking the perspective of others...

..In addition, patients with impulsive aggression have an attenuation of symptoms with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) treatment...

..Finally, we suggest future directions for research that might permit the identification of core features of this disorder, with a focus on the importance of naturalistic assessments and of assessments through the course of development...

..Clearly SPD falls within the schizophrenia spectrum, but precisely the nature of what predicts full-blown schizophrenia as opposed to the milder symptoms of SPD is not yet clear...

..g., trauma-exposed non-PTSD). In this project, we examined the neural mechanisms underlying differences in response to sexual violence, focusing specifically on the deliberate modification of emotional responses to negative stimuli...

..We demonstrated no significant differences in amygdala volumes or metabolism between BPD patients and controls...

..These findings demonstrate that distancing from aversive social cues modulates amygdala activity via engagement of networks implicated in social perception, perspective-taking, and attentional allocation...

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..low-dose responders. Evaluation of models of "serotonergic-responsive" and norepinephrine-responsive" depression requires larger numbers of patients...

..Increasing awareness of co-morbid conditions in the BPD proband that significantly increase parental burden may be indicators for the provision of increased family support...

..These results suggest that dopamine agonists may provide benefit for the cognitive abnormalities of schizophrenia spectrum disorders...

..The patients activate neural networks in emotion processing that are phylogeneticall older and more reflexive than those activated by HC subjects...

..Preclinical and human studies suggest that the orbital frontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex play an inhibitory role in the regulation of aggression...

..One possible contributing factor to emotional instability is a failure to adequately employ adaptive cognitive regulatory strategies such as psychological distancing...

..This is the first morphometric study to directly compare SPD and BPD patients in temporal lobe volume...

..These findings provide limited support for a role of COMT in modulating aggressive behavior, and are extended to people with personality disorders...

..By adolescence, difficulties with impulsivity, aggression, acting out, and self-destructive behaviors dominate the profile...

..The purpose of this study was to examine automatic sensorimotor gating and controlled attentional modulation of the startle eye blink response in unmedicated subjects with schizotypal personality disorder...

..We tested the hypothesis that BPD patients exhibit gross structural changes that parallel the respective increases in amygdala activation and impairment of rostral/subgenual ACC activation...

..Gene-environment interactions involving childhood maltreatment are demonstrated in recent studies on antisocial behaviors and aggressive rhesus monkeys and highlight the need for further research in this important area...

..We evaluated the relationship of the COMT genotype with diagnostic status and cognitive performance in schizotypal personality disorder...

..Overall, our findings suggest that increased prefrontal volume in BA10 and sparing of volume loss in temporal cortex (BAs 22 and 20) may be a protective factor in SPD which reduces vulnerability to psychosis...

..We hypothesized that SPD patients would demonstrate comparable or lower DA and HPA responses after 2-DG to HV...

..Dysfunctional FST activation, particularly in the caudate may underlie PPI abnormalities in schizophrenia-spectrum patients...

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..The authors examined the relationship of borderline personality disorder to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with respect to the role of trauma and its timing...

..Side effects were generally well tolerated, and there was no group difference in dropout rate for side effects. CONCLUSION: Low-dose risperidone appears to be effective in reducing symptom severity in SPD and is generally well tolerated...

..We have previously hypothesized that increased 5-HT(2A)R function in the OFC is a state phenomenon that promotes impulsive aggression...

..This study evaluated regional serotonin transporter distribution in the brain of individuals with impulsive aggression by using positron emission tomography (PET) with the serotonin transporter PET radiotracer [(11)C]McN 5652...

..The neural substrates underlying processing of anger may also be altered. These changes may represent an expression of the volumetric and serotonergic deficits observed in these brain areas in BPD...

..We extended this investigation by examining gray and white matter volume of frontal and cingulate gyrus Brodmann areas (BAs) in a large group of patients and healthy controls...

..In addition, D(2) receptor dysfunction may play a role in impulsivity, whereas 5-HT(1A) cell-body autoreceptor function may be spared in these disorders...

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..Results from these analyses also lend support to a large body of work that demonstrates that normal and abnormal personality features are related...

..Among the schizophrenia-spectrum sample, more deficient PPI during the attended prepulses was associated with greater symptom severity as measured by the total 18-item Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale score...

..The affect-modulated startle response is a reliable indicator of emotional processing of stimuli. The aim of this study was to examine emotional processing in BPD patients (n = 27) and healthy control subjects (n = 21)...

..In contrast, performance of NSS patients did not differ from that of HVs. The types of deficits observed in SPD patients are qualitatively similar to but milder than those seen in patients with schizophrenia...

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..To investigate the effect of PTSD, the authors conducted a 0.5-mg DST, which is more sensitive than the 1.0-mg DST for detection of increased cortisol suppression, in a group of subjects with personality disorders...

..This study represents a replication of previous studies, in a much larger sample, showing a blunted PRL response to fenfluramine of male patients with personality disorder in relation to impulsive aggression and to suicide attempts...

..The present study takes advantage of frequent plasma sampling over the 24-h period and a multioscillator cosinor model to fit the 24-h rhythms...

..Definitive clarification of what MDD and BPD have in common and in what ways they are distinct will only be derived from studies that examine both illnesses using the same study design and methodology...

..Most of these findings have been generated from inpatient clinical samples...

..10) and Affective Intensity Measure (r=.15) total scores. CONCLUSION: This suggests that nontrauma-related factors may be more predominant in affective dyscontrol in individuals with borderline personality disorder...

..Here we tested parameters important for designing novel clinical protocols targeting the reconsolidation of a traumatic memory with RU38486...

..Context processing was strongly associated with working memory and selective attention performance in the SPD individuals...

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