Salil K Das

..This chapter provides insight into the potential of TSPO as a rational target for the development of novel therapeutics for breast cancer...

..This reduction in POMC message is consistent with the onset of obesity in the animals. We hypothesize that the POMC melanocortin pathway provides a mechanistic basis for the observed effects of sulfur mustard on body weight...

..CPT gene expression increased with cadmium as evident from slot blots. Mutation in the nucleotide sequence was also observed as the result of cadmium but this did not result into amino acid sequence changes...

..Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke contributes to health problems in children and is a significant risk factor for asthma. Cigarette smoke contains several carcinogens that alter biochemical defense systems leading to lung cancer...

..Pretreatment with NAC for 3 and 30 days protected against 69-76% of the acute lung injury. Therefore, NAC may be an antidote for CEES-induced lung injury...

..Forty-eight hours following the last injection, the liver was processed for Northern blot analysis using labeled mK9, mK13, and mK22 specific RNA probes. Only mK9 was found to be transcriptionally regulated by the hormone...

..The mechanism by which smoke exposure causes an elevation in the levels of PLBP in alveolar type II cells and lung lavage remains to be investigated...

..Since NF-kappa B disappeared after 2 h, the cells continued being damaged owing to accumulation of ceramides and activation of several caspases, leading to apoptosis...

..This suggests that the protective effect of antioxidant liposome against CEES-induced lung damage is mediated via control of AP-1 signaling...

..The present study aims to establish that cholinephosphotransferase (CPT), the terminal enzyme for the de novo biosynthesis of phosphatidylcholine (PC), can be used as a biomarker for breast cancer in an animal model...

..Further studies are needed to clarify whether the observed effects are the adaptive responses of the lung or they contribute to the lung injury...

..However, the inhibition of cell proliferation by PK11195 was counteracted by Ro5-4864, a PBR agonist. Thus, PBR antagonist may be a potential therapeutic agent for the control of aggressiveness of breast cancer...

..Studies are underway in our laboratory to investigate whether mustard gas induced inactivation of SOD-3 in lung is similarly mediated by a change in Cys-Cys disulfide bonding...

..Furthermore, the present study indicates for the first time that intratracheal infusion of a single dose of CEES can cause neuroinflammation, which may lead to neurological disorders in later part of life...

..CEES induced ceramide accumulation may thus play an important role in the development of ARDS by modulating CPT enzyme...

..Thus, antioxidant liposomes containing both NAC and vitamin E are an effective antidote against CEES-induced lung injury...

..Biosynthesis of PC was increased in breast cancer cell lines upon treatment. We therefore propose that Ro5-4864 facilitates PC formation, a process important in membrane biogenesis for proliferating cells...

..This might suggest that antioxidant liposomes might offer a potential therapeutic strategy against inflammatory diseases associated with activation of these bioactive molecules...

..These data suggest that soy protein inhibits breast tumor development by decreasing the expression of the tumor-promoting gene, which encodes PBRs...

..Thus, our study indicates that CEES-induced lung injury is associated with desensitization of beta(2)-AR...

..8 ± 7.7 ng·g(-1) wet weight, respectively). The application of this aerosolized ATRA also induced a dose-dependent protein expression of the cellular retinol-binding protein 1 (CRBP-1) in lung, without apparent harmful side effects...

..Hence, sudden hair loss might be a good biomarker for subacute exposure of mustard gas to subjects at risks when the victims might have no other visible symptom of toxicity...

..In conclusion, these data suggest that PBR ligand binding, and PBR-mediated cholesterol transport into the nucleus may be involved in the development of mammary gland adenocarcinoma, thus participating in the advancement of the disease...

..The mechanism by which cigarette smoke exposure increases locomotor activity remains to be elucidated but may include modulation of dopamine neuron activity that emerges after repeated direct smoke exposure...

..The presence of lutein in lung and other tissues may be significant in term of its antioxidant capacity of these organs...

..These findings suggest that the soy protein may protect against the development of a more aggressive breast carcinoma...

..Biochemical approach also reveals a 1.5-fold stimulation in CPT activity in 11-9-14 cells compared to that of the MCF-12A cells...

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..Inhibition of Gi-protein then leads to reduced release of NO from endothelial cells and thus causes endothelial dysfunction...

..These findings suggest that B(a)P-induced acute neurobehavioral toxicity may occur through oxidative stress due to inhibition of the brain antioxidant scavenging system...

..The probable differences in genomic organization and its expression in different cancer cells have been discussed here having CPT as an important target for cancer drug development...

..Furthermore, it strengthens our previous finding that yeast CPT and guinea pig CPT have high homology in their sequence as both the oligonucleotide probes gave the similar type of Northern blot in the present study...

..Both enzymes help in the detoxification of cigarette smoke induced chemicals and biochemicals...

..However, the activity approached the basal level after 12 weeks of exposure. Furthermore, oltipraz treatment maintained the activity of both glyoxalase closer to the basal levels...

..Further analysis revealed that the antibody inhibited CPT activity in both subcellular fractions in a dose dependent manner, thus confirming the specificity of the antibody against both subcellular CPT...

..Furthermore, while centrophenoxine injection does not change the total phosphatidylcholine content of adult lung, the acyl group composition of phosphatidylcholine was modulated...

..These data indicate that CEES-induced injury of rat lungs can be substantially diminished by the presence of reducing agents or anti-oxidant enzymes delivered via liposomes...