John J Woodward

Summary

Affiliation: Medical University of South Carolina
Country: USA

Publications

  1. ncbi Ethanol inhibition of up-states in prefrontal cortical neurons expressing the genetically encoded calcium indicator GCaMP3
    John J Woodward
    Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, 29425, USA
    Alcohol Clin Exp Res 36:780-7. 2012
  2. ncbi Prostacyclin-induced rundown of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor currents in HEK293 cells is protein kinase A-dependent and NR2 subunit-selective
    John J Woodward
    Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, MUSC, Charleston, USA
    J Neurochem 80:598-604. 2002
  3. ncbi Pharmacological characterization of glycine-activated currents in HEK 293 cells expressing N-methyl-D-aspartate NR1 and NR3 subunits
    C Thetford Smothers
    Department of Neurosciences, Division of Neuroscience Research, and Center for Drug and Alcohol Programs, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA
    J Pharmacol Exp Ther 322:739-48. 2007
  4. ncbi Fyn kinase does not reduce ethanol inhibition of zinc-insensitive NR2A-containing N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors
    John J Woodward
    Department of Physiology and Neuroscience and Center for Drug and Alcohol Programs, 173 Ashley Avenue, Suite 403, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
    Alcohol 34:101-5. 2004
  5. ncbi GABAA alpha 4 receptor subunits and ethanol: a knockout punch?
    John J Woodward
    Department of Neurosciences and Center for Drug and Alcohol Programs, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA
    Alcohol Clin Exp Res 32:8-9. 2008
  6. ncbi From blue states to up states: a regional view of NMDA-ethanol interactions
    John J Woodward
    Department of Neurosciences and Center for Drug and Alcohol Programs, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA
    Alcohol Clin Exp Res 30:359-67. 2006
  7. ncbi Effects of the abused solvent toluene on recombinant P2X receptors expressed in HEK293 cells
    John J Woodward
    Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Center for Drug and Alcohol Programs, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston 29425, USA
    Brain Res Mol Brain Res 125:86-95. 2004
  8. ncbi Ethanol inhibition of recombinant NR1/2A receptors: effects of heavy metal chelators and a zinc-insensitive NR2A mutant
    John J Woodward
    Department of Physiology and Neuroscience and Center for Drug and Alcohol Programs, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
    Alcohol 31:71-6. 2003
  9. ncbi Effects of ethanol on persistent activity and up-States in excitatory and inhibitory neurons in prefrontal cortex
    John J Woodward
    Department of Neurosciences and Center for Drug and Alcohol Programs, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
    Alcohol Clin Exp Res 33:2134-40. 2009
  10. ncbi Small conductance calcium-activated potassium type 2 channels regulate alcohol-associated plasticity of glutamatergic synapses
    Patrick J Mulholland
    Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425 2508, USA
    Biol Psychiatry 69:625-32. 2011

Research Grants

  1. ETHANOL SENSITIVITY OF NATIVE AND CLONED NMDA RECEPTORS
    John Woodward; Fiscal Year: 2009
  2. Neural Actions of Toluene
    John Woodward; Fiscal Year: 2006
  3. Ethanol sensitivity--native /recombinant NMDA receptors
    John Woodward; Fiscal Year: 2006
  4. Training in Alcohol Research
    John Woodward; Fiscal Year: 2007
  5. Neural Actions of Toluene
    John J Woodward; Fiscal Year: 2010
  6. ETHANOL SENSITIVITY OF NATIVE AND CLONED NMDA RECEPTORS
    John Woodward; Fiscal Year: 2003

Collaborators

Detail Information

Publications43

  1. ncbi Ethanol inhibition of up-states in prefrontal cortical neurons expressing the genetically encoded calcium indicator GCaMP3
    John J Woodward
    Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, 29425, USA
    Alcohol Clin Exp Res 36:780-7. 2012
    ..In the present study, we used imaging and a genetically encoded calcium sensor to examine the effects of EtOH on the activity of multiple neurons simultaneously during up-states...
  2. ncbi Prostacyclin-induced rundown of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor currents in HEK293 cells is protein kinase A-dependent and NR2 subunit-selective
    John J Woodward
    Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, MUSC, Charleston, USA
    J Neurochem 80:598-604. 2002
    ..These results suggest that PKA influences the functional activity of NMDA receptors in an NR2 subunit-selective fashion...
  3. ncbi Pharmacological characterization of glycine-activated currents in HEK 293 cells expressing N-methyl-D-aspartate NR1 and NR3 subunits
    C Thetford Smothers
    Department of Neurosciences, Division of Neuroscience Research, and Center for Drug and Alcohol Programs, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA
    J Pharmacol Exp Ther 322:739-48. 2007
    ..The results of this study indicate that coexpression of NR1, NR3A, and NR3B subunits in HEK 293 cells results in glycineactivated receptors with novel functional and pharmacological properties...
  4. ncbi Fyn kinase does not reduce ethanol inhibition of zinc-insensitive NR2A-containing N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors
    John J Woodward
    Department of Physiology and Neuroscience and Center for Drug and Alcohol Programs, 173 Ashley Avenue, Suite 403, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
    Alcohol 34:101-5. 2004
    ..Together, results of the current study indicate that Fyn kinase does not directly affect the ethanol sensitivity of NR1/2A receptors...
  5. ncbi GABAA alpha 4 receptor subunits and ethanol: a knockout punch?
    John J Woodward
    Department of Neurosciences and Center for Drug and Alcohol Programs, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA
    Alcohol Clin Exp Res 32:8-9. 2008
  6. ncbi From blue states to up states: a regional view of NMDA-ethanol interactions
    John J Woodward
    Department of Neurosciences and Center for Drug and Alcohol Programs, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA
    Alcohol Clin Exp Res 30:359-67. 2006
    ..Finally, John Woodward described the effects of ethanol on the activity of neurons in deep layers of the prefrontal cortex using a novel slice coculture preparation...
  7. ncbi Effects of the abused solvent toluene on recombinant P2X receptors expressed in HEK293 cells
    John J Woodward
    Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Center for Drug and Alcohol Programs, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston 29425, USA
    Brain Res Mol Brain Res 125:86-95. 2004
    ..The results of this study suggest that the abused solvent toluene affects the function of P2X receptors in a subunit-dependent and agonist-dependent fashion...
  8. ncbi Ethanol inhibition of recombinant NR1/2A receptors: effects of heavy metal chelators and a zinc-insensitive NR2A mutant
    John J Woodward
    Department of Physiology and Neuroscience and Center for Drug and Alcohol Programs, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
    Alcohol 31:71-6. 2003
    ..These results support the suggestion that low levels of zinc present in experimental solutions may affect the apparent ethanol sensitivity of NMDA receptors containing the NR2A subunit...
  9. ncbi Effects of ethanol on persistent activity and up-States in excitatory and inhibitory neurons in prefrontal cortex
    John J Woodward
    Department of Neurosciences and Center for Drug and Alcohol Programs, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
    Alcohol Clin Exp Res 33:2134-40. 2009
    ..In the present study, we examine the effect of ethanol on the activity of fast-spiking (FS) interneurons, a sub-population of neurons critically involved in shaping cortical activity...
  10. ncbi Small conductance calcium-activated potassium type 2 channels regulate alcohol-associated plasticity of glutamatergic synapses
    Patrick J Mulholland
    Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425 2508, USA
    Biol Psychiatry 69:625-32. 2011
    ....
  11. ncbi Glutamate transporters regulate extrasynaptic NMDA receptor modulation of Kv2.1 potassium channels
    Patrick J Mulholland
    Department of Neurosciences and Center for Drug and Alcohol Programs, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA
    J Neurosci 28:8801-9. 2008
    ..These data support a novel mechanism for glutamate transporters in regulation of neuronal excitability and plasticity through extrasynaptic NMDA receptor modulation of Kv2.1 channels...
  12. ncbi Calpeptin provides functional neuroprotection to rat retinal ganglion cells following Ca2+ influx
    Arabinda Das
    Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC, 96 Jonathan Lucas Street, Suite 323K, P.O. Box 250606, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
    Brain Res 1084:146-57. 2006
    ..Taken together, our results demonstrated that Ca2+ overload could be responsible for activation of calpain and caspase cascades leading to apoptotic death of RGC-5 cells and CP provided functional neuroprotection...
  13. ncbi Enhanced ethanol inhibition of recombinant N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors by magnesium: role of NR3A subunits
    Chun Jin
    Department of Neurosciences and Center for Drug and Alcohol Programs, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
    Alcohol Clin Exp Res 32:1059-66. 2008
    ....
  14. ncbi Ethanol inhibition of recombinant NMDA receptors is not altered by coexpression of CaMKII-alpha or CaMKII-beta
    Minfu Xu
    Department of Neurosciences and Center for Drug and Alcohol Programs, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
    Alcohol 42:425-32. 2008
    ..The results of this study suggest that CaMKII is not involved in regulating the acute ethanol sensitivity of NMDA receptors...
  15. ncbi Chronic ethanol induces synaptic but not extrasynaptic targeting of NMDA receptors
    Ezekiel P Carpenter-Hyland
    Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA
    J Neurosci 24:7859-68. 2004
    ....
  16. ncbi Expression of glycine-activated diheteromeric NR1/NR3 receptors in human embryonic kidney 293 cells Is NR1 splice variant-dependent
    C Thetford Smothers
    Department of Neurosciences, Division of Neuroscience Research, and Center for Drug and Alcohol Programs, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA
    J Pharmacol Exp Ther 331:975-84. 2009
    ..These results indicate a prominent role for NR1 splice variants in the functional expression of NR1/NR3 receptors in mammalian cells...
  17. ncbi Ethanol disrupts NMDA receptor and astroglial EAAT2 modulation of Kv2.1 potassium channels in hippocampus
    Patrick J Mulholland
    Department of Neurosciences and Center for Drug and Alcohol Programs, Medical University of South Carolina, 67 President Street, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
    Alcohol 43:45-50. 2009
    ..These data demonstrate that acute ethanol disrupts changes in Kv2.1 channels that follow NMDA receptor activation and impairs astroglial regulation of the functional coupling between NMDA receptors and Kv2.1 channels...
  18. ncbi Estrogen attenuates glutamate-induced cell death by inhibiting Ca2+ influx through L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channels
    Eric A Sribnick
    Division of Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas Street, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
    Brain Res 1276:159-70. 2009
    ..1 cells through effects on L-type Ca(2+) channels, inhibiting Ca(2+) influx as well as activation of the pro-apoptotic proteases calpain and caspase-3...
  19. ncbi Ethanol inhibits persistent activity in prefrontal cortical neurons
    Yali Tu
    Department of Neurosciences and Center for Drug and Alcohol Programs, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA
    J Neurosci 27:4765-75. 2007
    ..Ethanol-induced alterations in the activity of deep-layer cortical neurons may underlie some of the behavioral effects associated with ethanol intake...
  20. ncbi The abused inhalant toluene differentially modulates excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission in deep-layer neurons of the medial prefrontal cortex
    Jacob T Beckley
    Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
    Neuropsychopharmacology 36:1531-42. 2011
    ..Together, these results suggest that the effect of toluene on cognitive behaviors may result from its action on inhibitory and excitatory synaptic transmission of PFC neurons...
  21. ncbi Ethanol inhibition of NMDA receptors under conditions of altered protein kinase A activity
    Minfu Xu
    Department of Neuroscience and Center for Drug and Alcohol Programs, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA
    J Neurochem 96:1760-7. 2006
    ..These results suggest that PKA does not appear to play a major role in determining the acute ethanol sensitivity of NMDA receptors...
  22. ncbi Medial prefrontal cortex inversely regulates toluene-induced changes in markers of synaptic plasticity of mesolimbic dopamine neurons
    Jacob T Beckley
    Department of Neurosciences, and Center for Drug and Alcohol Programs, Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425
    J Neurosci 33:804-13. 2013
    ....
  23. ncbi Effects of amino acid substitutions in transmembrane domains of the NR1 subunit on the ethanol inhibition of recombinant N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors
    C Thetford Smothers
    Department of Neurosciences, Division of Neuroscience Research and Center for Drug and Alcohol Programs, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA
    Alcohol Clin Exp Res 30:523-30. 2006
    ..CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that the ethanol sensitivity of NMDA receptors may be regulated by discrete sites within the TM3 and TM4 domains of the NR1 subunit...
  24. ncbi Effects of the abused inhalant toluene on ethanol-sensitive potassium channels expressed in oocytes
    Angelo M Del Re
    Department of Neurosciences and Center for Drug and Alcohol Programs, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Suite 403, Charleston, 29425, USA
    Brain Res 1087:75-82. 2006
    ..The results of these studies show that toluene has effects on BK and GirK channels that are opposite to those of ethanol, suggesting that these channels are unlikely to underlie behaviors that these two drugs of abuse share...
  25. ncbi Tolerance to cannabinoid-induced behaviors in mice treated chronically with ethanol
    Matthew J Pava
    Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
    Psychopharmacology (Berl) 219:137-47. 2012
    ..However, these studies have been limited to measures of ataxia and analysis of CB1 expression from whole-brain or hippocampal preparations...
  26. ncbi Effects of 8 different NR1 splice variants on the ethanol inhibition of recombinant NMDA receptors
    Chun Jin
    Department of Neurosciences and Center for Drug and Alcohol Programs, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA
    Alcohol Clin Exp Res 30:673-9. 2006
    ..Although results from previous studies suggest that NR2 subunits affect the ethanol sensitivity of NMDA receptors, the role of the NR1 subunit and its multiple splice variants is less well known...
  27. ncbi The inhibition of apoptosis by melatonin in VSC4.1 motoneurons exposed to oxidative stress, glutamate excitotoxicity, or TNF-alpha toxicity involves membrane melatonin receptors
    Arabinda Das
    Department of Neurosciences Division of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
    J Pineal Res 48:157-69. 2010
    ..1 motoneuron apoptosis. Results suggest that neuroprotection rendered by melatonin to motoneurons is receptor mediated and melatonin may be an effective neuroprotective agent to attenuate motoneuron death in CNS injuries and diseases...
  28. ncbi Ethanol inhibition of constitutively open N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors
    Minfu Xu
    Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
    J Pharmacol Exp Ther 340:218-26. 2012
    ..Overall, these results show that ethanol affects NMDA receptor function at a site distal from agonist binding and appears to exert greater effects via perturbation of GluN2 subunits...
  29. ncbi A review of the interactions between alcohol and the endocannabinoid system: implications for alcohol dependence and future directions for research
    Matthew J Pava
    Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, 29403, USA
    Alcohol 46:185-204. 2012
    ..These results are compiled into a summary providing a scheme for the known changes to the components of the EC system in different stages of alcohol dependence. Finally, future directions for research are discussed...
  30. ncbi Effect of the NR3 subunit on ethanol inhibition of recombinant NMDA receptors
    C Thetford Smothers
    Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Center for Drug and Alcohol Programs, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
    Brain Res 987:117-21. 2003
    ..Overall, these results suggest that the NR3A subunit is not a determinant of ethanol sensitivity in recombinant NMDA receptors...
  31. ncbi Effects of chronic intermittent ethanol exposure on orbitofrontal and medial prefrontal cortex-dependent behaviors in mice
    Kimberly A Badanich
    Center for Drug and Alcohol Programs, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
    Behav Neurosci 125:879-91. 2011
    ..Given that reversal learning requires an intact OFC, these findings support the idea that the OFC may be vulnerable to the cognitive impairing actions of ethanol...
  32. ncbi Effects of ethanol on phosphorylation site mutants of recombinant N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors
    Minfu Xu
    Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
    Alcohol 45:373-80. 2011
    ..Together with previously published data, these findings suggest that modification of putative phosphorylation sites could contribute to the overall acute ethanol sensitivity of recombinant NMDA receptors. Supported by R37AA009986...
  33. ncbi Alcohol and the prefrontal cortex
    Kenneth Abernathy
    Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
    Int Rev Neurobiol 91:289-320. 2010
    ..The chapter concludes with a discussion of unanswered questions and areas needing further investigation...
  34. ncbi Inhibition of gap junction currents by the abused solvent toluene
    Angelo M Del Re
    Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Center for Drug and Alcohol Programs, 173 Ashley Avenue, P.O. Box 250510, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
    Drug Alcohol Depend 78:221-4. 2005
    ..57 mM. The results of these studies suggest that volatile solvents including toluene may produce some of their effects by disrupting inter-cellular communication mediated by gap junction proteins...
  35. ncbi Calpain activation in apoptosis of ventral spinal cord 4.1 (VSC4.1) motoneurons exposed to glutamate: calpain inhibition provides functional neuroprotection
    Arabinda Das
    Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA
    J Neurosci Res 81:551-62. 2005
    ..Inhibition of the activities of both NMDA and AMPA receptors protected VSC4.1 cells from glutamate toxicity and preserved whole-cell membrane potential...
  36. ncbi Ethanol selectively attenuates NMDAR-mediated synaptic transmission in the prefrontal cortex
    Carl Weitlauf
    Department of Neurosciences and Center for Drug and Alcohol Programs, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA
    Alcohol Clin Exp Res 32:690-8. 2008
    ..In a previous study from this laboratory, we showed that ethanol inhibits complex patterns of persistent activity (known as "up-states") in medial PFC (mPFC) neurons in a reversible and concentration-dependent manner...
  37. ncbi Dephosphorylation of GluN2B C-terminal tyrosine residues does not contribute to acute ethanol inhibition of recombinant NMDA receptors
    Benjamin A Hughes
    Department of Neurosciences and Center for Drug and Alcohol Programs, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
    Alcohol 47:181-6. 2013
    ..These findings suggest that dephosphorylation of C-terminal tyrosine residues does not account for ethanol inhibition of GluN2B receptors...
  38. ncbi Inhibition of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors by the abused solvent, toluene
    Ambuja S Bale
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, VA 23298, USA
    Br J Pharmacol 137:375-83. 2002
    ..5 Taken together, these results suggest that nicotinic receptors, like NMDA receptors, show a subunit-dependent sensitivity to toluene and may represent an important site of action for some of the neurobehavioural effects of toluene...
  39. ncbi Toluene inhibits voltage-sensitive calcium channels expressed in pheochromocytoma cells
    Riddick Tillar
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
    Neurochem Int 41:391-7. 2002
    ..These results show that dihydropyridine sensitive and insensitive calcium channels are inhibited by toluene and may represent important sites of action for this compound...
  40. ncbi Ethanol differentially affects ATP-gated P2X(3) and P2X(4) receptor subtypes expressed in Xenopus oocytes
    Daryl L Davies
    Department of Molecular Pharmacology Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, 1985 Zonal Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
    Neuropharmacology 49:243-53. 2005
    ....
  41. ncbi Perturbation of voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channel function by volatile organic solvents
    Timothy J Shafer
    Neurotoxicology Division, MD B105 05, NHEERL, ORD, U S Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA
    J Pharmacol Exp Ther 315:1109-18. 2005
    ..These data demonstrate that VOCs perturb voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channel function in neurons, an effect that could contribute to the acute neurotoxicity of these compounds...
  42. ncbi Effects of ethanol on adenosine 5'-triphosphate-gated purinergic and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors
    Daryl L Davies
    University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
    Alcohol Clin Exp Res 30:349-58. 2006
    ..Collectively, the presentations provided strong evidence that P2X and 5-HT3 receptors are important targets for ethanol action...
  43. ncbi Effects of anesthetics on mutant N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes
    Junichi Ogata
    University of Texas, Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, 1 University Station A4800, Austin, TX 78712-0159, USA, and Department of Anesthesia, Kyoto University Hospital, Japan
    J Pharmacol Exp Ther 318:434-43. 2006
    ..Thus, amino acids in TM3 and TM4 are important for the actions of many anesthetics, but nitrous oxide, benzene, and ketamine seem to have distinct mechanisms for inhibition of the NMDA receptors...

Research Grants26

  1. ETHANOL SENSITIVITY OF NATIVE AND CLONED NMDA RECEPTORS
    John Woodward; Fiscal Year: 2009
    ..Aim 3 will express ethanol-insensitive receptors identified in Aims 1 and 2 in neurons in vitro and in vivo to address which effects of ethanol are mediated by inhibition of NMDA receptors. ..
  2. Neural Actions of Toluene
    John Woodward; Fiscal Year: 2006
    ..Results obtained from these studies outlined are expected to greatly expand our knowledge of the cellular and molecular targets of these important drugs of abuse. ..
  3. Ethanol sensitivity--native /recombinant NMDA receptors
    John Woodward; Fiscal Year: 2006
    ..The successful completion of this training plan will substantially enhance the PI's research expertise and his ability to fulfill the goals of his research. ..
  4. Training in Alcohol Research
    John Woodward; Fiscal Year: 2007
    ..The overall goal of this training is to provide basic and clinical scientists with the skills necessary to develop into independent investigators focused on solving the problems associated with alcoholism and alcohol abuse. ..
  5. Neural Actions of Toluene
    John J Woodward; Fiscal Year: 2010
    ..Research to be carried out in this proposal will provide a detailed analysis of the effects of abused inhalants on neurons within brain areas involved in addiction. ..
  6. ETHANOL SENSITIVITY OF NATIVE AND CLONED NMDA RECEPTORS
    John Woodward; Fiscal Year: 2003
    ..Both molecular and pharmacological approaches will be used to unravel the complex interplay between receptors and intracellular signaling processes that ultimately determine the ethanol sensitivity of NMDA receptors. ..