Thomas A Sellers

..Several examples are presented to illustrate the potential application of proteomics to the field of genetic epidemiology, and we conclude with various considerations regarding design and analysis...

..9, 5.8). Thus, the previously reported interaction between family history and waist/hip ratio is still (weakly) evident and appears to reflect risk for progesterone receptor-negative tumors...

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..We examined the involution and density association in a large benign breast disease (BBD) cohort...

..These results exemplify the utility of imputation in candidate gene studies and lend evidence to a role of cell cycle genes in ovarian cancer etiology, suggest a reduced set of SNPs to target in additional cases and controls...

..Using survey data from 2328 women (mean age 62.5 years) from 372 families enrolled in the Minnesota breast cancer family study, we explored adult daughter's reports of breast cancer risk reduction advice received from their mothers...

..Mammographic density is a strong risk factor for breast cancer. However, whether changes in mammographic density are associated with risk remains unclear...

..We developed an automated and objective measurement of the grayscale value variation within a mammogram, evaluated its association with breast cancer, and compared its performance with that of percent density (PD)...

..These data suggest that menopause, baseline PD, postmenopausal hormone use, and body mass index predict changes in mammographic density trends during adult life...

..003). CONCLUSIONS: In this large cohort of women with benign breast disease, lobular involution was associated with reduced risk of breast cancer. Aberrant involution may be a biologically important phenomenon in breast cancer biology...

..Atypical hyperplasia is a well-recognized risk factor for breast cancer, conveying an approximately four-fold increased risk. Data regarding long-term absolute risk and factors for risk stratification are needed...

..However, simultaneous inclusion of these features in a model with PD did not significantly improve the ability to predict breast cancer...

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..Limited studies have examined the associations between mammographic density and subsequent breast tumor characteristics...

..In summary, the F31I polymorphism in AURKA is not associated with a modified risk of breast cancer in BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers...

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..4 cM). The putative locus on chromosome 5p is likely to account for up to 22% of variation in MD. Hence, 1 or more of the 45 candidate genes in this region could explain a large proportion of MD and, potentially, breast cancer...

..e., early adulthood versus later adulthood) might also be informative, particularly with respect to defining subsite-specific pathways of colorectal carcinogenesis...

..11, 95% CI: 1.00-1.23, P = 0.04). These findings are consistent with prior studies implicating these genes in carcinogenesis and suggest that this collection of variants is worthy of follow-up in additional studies...

..We now examine the hypothesis that inherited alterations in TCEAL7 play a role in the etiology of ovarian cancer...

..We examined whether the putative benefit extends to women with a family history (FH) of breast cancer using a cohort of 33,552 postmenopausal women aged 55-69 years in 1986...

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..These findings, although preliminary, afford some reassurance that folate supplementation is unlikely to have a significant adverse effect on survival after chemotherapy for breast cancer...

..If confirmed in additional studies, these results would suggest that additional mechanisms, besides an effect on body mass, may account for observed protective effects of physical activity in reducing breast cancer...

..To determine whether the association of adolescent anthropometric characteristics with breast cancer is modified by a family history of the disease...

..To examine the association of cigarette smoking before first pregnancy with risk of postmenopausal breast cancer in a large population-based cohort...

..10). These results indicate that the SNPs studied here are not related to risk of this gynecologic malignancy and that the site-specific nature of 8q24.21.a associations may not include ovarian cancer...

..Inhibitors of kappaB (IkappaB) prevent NF-kappaB activation by sequestering NF-kappaB proteins in the cytoplasm until IkappaB proteins are phosphorylated and degraded...

..We examined the hypothesis that those factors associated with higher levels of estrogen during pregnancy or shortly after birth are associated with higher mammographic breast density in adulthood...

..Gene set analysis (GSA) overcomes this limitation by assessing overall evidence for association of a phenotype with all measured variation in a set of genes...

..Invasive ovarian cancer is a significant cause of gynecologic cancer mortality...

..We recommend that biological SNP characteristics, notably distance to telomere and GC content (<50% GC recommended), as well as Illumina-provided metrics be considered in the creation of GoldenGate assays using MDA WGA DNA...

..Overall mammographic density seems to represent a general marker of breast cancer risk that is not specific to breast side or location of the eventual cancer...

..Analysis of HOXD1, MYC, TIPARP and SKAP1 at these loci and of BNC2 at 9p22 supports a functional role for these genes in ovarian cancer development...

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..For diffuse NHL, 64% of the cases were nodal, and there was no association of HRT with either nodal or extra-nodal sites. These data suggest that HRT is a risk factor for follicular NHL but not for diffuse or small lymphocyte NHL or CLL...

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..Multivariable adjustment yielded slightly attenuated risk estimates, but the observed associations were not meaningfully altered. Given these findings, tFA intake does not appear to be a major CRC risk factor, at least among older women...

..The aim of this study was to investigate whether contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) in addition to therapeutic mastectomy (TM) is associated with a survival advantage in high-risk women with breast cancer...

..Promising new measures of mammographic density, including volumetric density, which can be standardized using full-field digital mammography, will likely result in a stronger risk factor and improve accuracy of risk prediction models...

..To evaluate the effect of alcohol on coronary heart disease (CHD), cancer incidence, and cancer mortality by smoking history...

..8, 95% C.I.: 0.5-1.2). These results provide little evidence that male relatives in high-risk breast cancer families are at increased risk of prostate cancer...

..We recently published resequencing data on 88 polymorphisms identified in that gene. The hypothesis tested in this study was that polymorphisms, or haplotypes, in CYP19 are related to risk of breast cancer...

..2, 0.8, 1.2, 0.7, and 0.7, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: These results corroborate a previously reported association between endometriosis and increased risk of NHL but not cancer at other sites...

..The opposite associations of body mass index with small lymphocytic lymphoma versus B-CLL may be a chance finding but, if confirmed, would suggest different etiologies for these malignancies...

..Interventions with modifiable factors such as multivitamin intake may reduce risk...

..0-23.4%). However, these associations were not statistically significant (p = 0.27 and p = 0.22, respectively). In summary, there was no evidence that adolescent alcohol use was associated with large and persistent effects on adult PD...

..CONCLUSIONS: Risk factors for breast cancer after the diagnosis of benign breast disease include the histologic classification of a benign breast lesion and a family history of breast cancer...

..Understanding the mechanism underlying this association will provide insight into the genetics of breast tissue composition...

..Overexpression of mitotic kinases has been associated with prognosis, histologic grade, and clinical stage in ovarian cancer, but the relationship between inherited variation in these genes and ovarian cancer risk has not been well defined...

..We examined the degree to which mothers reported providing advice on breast cancer prevention to their daughters, the content of such advice, and correlates of providing such advice...

..focus of training? and (2) Does training empower CHRs and, indirectly, their facilities to educate about breast and cervix cancer, promote screening, and teach breast self-exam skills to American Indian and Alaska Native women?..

..A multidisciplinary breast practice, along with established guidelines for breast biopsy, can ensure appropriate use of new technology and thereby improve patient care...

..Nulliparity may be more strongly associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer among women with a family history of breast or ovarian cancer, compared with women who do not have a family history of those cancers...

..These data support a potential subsite-specific role for cigarette smoking in colorectal carcinogenesis, at least among women. Based on emerging data, an epigenetic pathway for smoking-induced CRC is proposed...

..To date, few studies have directly examined serum insulin as an indicator of CRC risk, and none have reported associations on the basis of HOMA-IR...

..These findings suggest that alcohol consumption is inversely related to postmenopausal ovarian cancer, and that the association of folate with ovarian cancer may vary by the amount of alcohol consumed...

..Findings show that Native WEB training is associated with increased screening activity at all three levels...

..40). Although CNVs that were not well-covered by the Illumina 610 quad array merit investigation, these data suggest no association between inherited CNVs and survival after ovarian cancer...

..We investigated whether removal of the ovaries is an appropriate risk reduction option for women at elevated risk of breast cancer based on family history of breast cancer...

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..13). In summary, the application of the BLVM allows for the systematic integration of multiple SNP "features" for the prioritization of loci for fine-mapping or functional studies, taking into account the uncertainty in ranking...

..This increased progression rate should be taken into account when considering the surveillance of asymptomatic women...

..The association of multivitamin intake with ovarian cancer may depend on FRalpha expression level...

..Because all risk factors examined accounted for only 26% of the variation in the HRT response, genes or other unmeasured factors are thought to be involved...

..The purpose of this research is to evaluate women's long-term satisfaction with CPM, factors influencing satisfaction, and psychological and social function after CPM...

..TBX2 was determined to be preferentially amplified and overexpressed in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutant tumors, whereas RPS6KB1 was not, suggesting a role for TBX2 amplification in the development of BRCA1- and BRCA2-associated breast tumors...

..These data suggest prevention of weight gain between age 18 years and menopause or weight loss and maintenance during these years reduces risk of postmenopausal breast cancer...

..However, findings related to specific alcoholic beverages or different anatomic sites in the large bowel have been inconsistent...

..Most of the reoperations were implant related. Reoperations were fairly uncommon after prophylactic mastectomy without reconstruction...

..Although smoking is the primary cause of lung cancer, much is unknown about lung cancer etiology, including risk determinants for nonsmokers and modifying factors for smokers...

..To examine the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) by women with varying levels of familial and perceived risk of breast cancer with the goal of preventing breast cancer...

..To examine medical and lifestyle preventive behaviors among women with varying levels of familial breast cancer risk...

..015). Although preliminary, this study provides some support for the hypothesis that low-penetrance susceptibility alleles may influence risk of epithelial ovarian cancer...

..Unlike some previous reports, vitamin D does not seem to be related to mammographic density in this cohort...

..This study highlights the need for multicenter collaborations for genetic association studies...

..Our findings suggest that breast cancer risk may be increased among women with type II diabetes, but that type II diabetes does not significantly influence mammographic breast density...

..54, 95% confidence interval: 0.37, 0.79). In this study, diabetes was not associated with breast cancer overall, although the inverse association with gestational diabetes warrants further investigation...

..Whether dietary patterns, rather than single foods or nutrients, are associated with breast density is not known. We investigated this in the Minnesota Breast Cancer Family Study...

..10 frequency; odds ratio, 0.07; P = 0.01) compared with the most common haplotype (0.39 frequency). These results suggest that genetic polymorphisms in the glycoslyation process may be novel risk factors for ovarian cancer...

..In this Perspective, we review the limited genetic studies of MD and propose future directions...