D A Ahlquist

..This review addresses the biological rationale, technical advances, recent clinical performance data, and remaining issues with molecular screening for colorectal cancer...

..We compared the sensitivities of a multimarker test for stool DNA (sDNA) and a plasma test for methylated septin 9 (SEPT9) in identifying patients with large adenomas or CRC...

..We assessed colorectal neoplasm detection by a next-generation sDNA test and effects of covariates on test performance...

..Stool DNA testing is a new approach to colorectal cancer detection. Few data are available from the screening setting...

..Participation rates for colorectal cancer screening remain low due, in part, to perceived discomfort, potential harm, and high costs with available tools...

..We explored the feasibility of a stool assay panel of selected DNA alterations in discriminating subjects with colorectal neoplasia from those without...

..To assess the added benefits of prone positioning in addition to supine positioning and oral iodinated contrast medium for help in the detection of colonic polyps at computed tomographic (CT) colonography...

..In particular, the relative risk for cancer in females with IMMP was significantly increased, as is true in females with PJS. However, LKB1 mutations did not contribute to the development of IMMP in the patients tested...

..Other HpD-related complications included skin hyperpigmentation, ocular discomfort, pruritus, pain at injection site, and urticaria. CP and the restrictive measures to avoid it represent major disadvantages of the clinical use of HpD...

..Sensitivity for polyp detection in patients with adequate stool labeling approaches the sensitivity for polyp detection in prepared colons...

..All appeared to be polymorphisms present in similar proportions in an average-risk population. We conclude that germline APC mutations do not account for familial MSS (stable microsatellite) CRC associated with few synchronous polyps...

..The response of gastric mucosal lesions in cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension, namely, portal hypertensive gastropathy (PHG) and gastric vascular ectasia (GVE), to transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts (TIPS) is not known...

..6 microgram/g versus 0.1 microgram/g, P less than 0.001). The authors conclude that HpD preferentially localizes to human colorectal cancer and this is relevant to the photodetection and phototherapy of colorectal neoplasia...

..This study shows that not all CRCs are associated with increased fecal levels of long DNA. Long DNA degrades with fecal storage, and measures to stabilize this analyte must be considered for optimal use of this marker...

..Assay of methylated DNA markers in stool is a promising approach for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. A method to capture hypermethylated CpG islands from stool would enrich target analyte and allow optimal assay sensitivity...

..Comethylation of these genes is common, and pursuit of complementary markers for methylation-negative neoplasms is a rational strategy to optimize screening sensitivity...

..Further marker discovery and technologic refinements should translate into improved test performance and fuel a continued evolution with this screening approach...

..01]). CONCLUSIONS: Double-read CT colonography is significantly more sensitive in detecting polyps than single-read double contrast barium enema. DCBE was significantly more specific than CT colonography...

..Further investigation of tumor-derived, rather than blood-based, biomarkers may be a more rewarding approach to stool screening for colorectal neoplasia...

..Large, multicenter, comparative studies addressing the performance of stool-based DNA testing in the general population will soon be completed and will promise to validate the readiness of this approach for widespread application...

..An assay of fecal DNA integrity may be a useful biomarker for the detection of CRC...

..0% vs 0.4%; P <.001). CONCLUSION: Patients undergoing colorectal cancer screening prefer CT colonography to both colonoscopy and DCBE. The majority of patients experience discomfort and inconvenience with cathartic bowel preparation...

..The technique can also serve as a useful adjunct to colonoscopy by detecting local recurrences or metachronous disease that are endoscopically obscure or by serving as a full structural colonic examination when endoscopy is incomplete...

..003). CONCLUSION: The HQT test detects occult upper GI tract blood loss significantly more frequently than the HO or HS test...

..We evaluated the neoplasm specificity of HPN1-3 and their discriminant value as stool markers for CRC...

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..005). CONCLUSIONS: The EYA4 gene promoter is hypermethylated commonly in sporadic and colitic neoplasia and may be associated with gene silencing. EYA4 methylation represents a candidate marker for CUC surveillance...

..Aberrant promoter methylation appears to functionally silence SFRP gene expression in esophageal adenocarcinoma...

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..However, the incidence of right-sided cancer remains unaltered and might be less affected by historically used screening interventions. Most CRCs still present symptomatically, and more effective population screening is needed...

..Although such incidental findings add benefit to the screening intervention, moderate incremental costs are incurred based on additional radiologic procedures generated during short-term follow-up...

..Specificity, based on large numbers, is high and exhibits excellent agreement among observers...

..If the DNA-based test proves to have greater screening accuracy than fecal blood testing, this could translate into more effective cancer control and more efficient use of our limited health care resources. ..