A P Weiss

..To identify patient and clinical management factors related to emergency department (ED) length of stay for psychiatric patients...

..Inefficient utilization of prefrontal-parietal networks, with compensatory activation in temporal regions, may thus contribute to deficient old-new item recognition in schizophrenia...

..These findings provide preliminary support for a relationship between the perceptual characteristics of auditory stimuli and modulation of cortical oxygenation as measured via an emerging neuromonitoring technique...

..Yet the exact nature of these deficits remains a matter of some debate. This study sought to examine performance on two distinct aspects of memory performance: familiarity-based and source-based memory processes...

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..Given the importance of the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC) in this type of memory, we hypothesized that this cognitive deficit stemmed from aberrant fronto-hippocampal activation during memory retrieval...

..The appropriateness and effectiveness of the outpatient medical management of cardiac risk factors for patients with diabetes who had a diagnosis of schizophrenia or a related psychotic syndrome were examined...

..Furthermore, neural activation may be specifically related to distinct phenomenological features of the hallucinatory experience. Further work is needed to better understand the neural basis of hallucinations...

..Here we present volume estimates of anterior and posterior hippocampal volumes using a novel morphometric protocol...

..By studying pictures of the target word during encoding, healthy adults can suppress false recognition. This study examined the effect of pictorial encoding on subsequent recognition of repeated foils in patients with schizophrenia...

..Four of the 5 patients had intracerebral lesions in the frontal lobes and caudate nuclei, findings consistent with current theories about the pathogenesis of "idiopathic" OCD...

..Memory impairment in schizophrenia appears to involve abnormal connectivity between the prefrontal cortex and three regions important in normal learning and memory: the hippocampus, thalamus, and cerebellum...

..CONCLUSIONS: The impaired ability to classify new items as previously not experienced is associated with decreased recruitment and smaller volume of the hippocampus in schizophrenia...

..We conclude that immediate access to simple stimulus-stimulus relationships is mediated via the parahippocampal gyrus, whereas the flexible representation of memory requires the recruitment of the hippocampus...

..These results are consistent with the notion of reversed hemispheric asymmetry during the processing of sensory information in schizophrenia...

..Nicotinic agonists may improve attention and memory in humans and may ameliorate some cognitive deficits associated with neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia...

..Previous studies have reported evidence of structural and functional abnormalities in the anterior cingulate cortex of patients with schizophrenia...

..These results confirm previous findings that a single dose of nicotine improves attention and suggest that nicotine may specifically improve response inhibition in nonsmokers with schizophrenia...

..It is plausible that cumulative effects of the MTHFR T and COMT Val alleles on intracellular methylation profiles and prefrontal dopamine transmission underlie their interactive effect on perseverative errors...

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..The findings also suggest the importance of weighing COMT effects on prefrontal function within the context of MTHFR genotype...

..We examined whether the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T and A1298C functional polymorphisms contribute to negative symptoms...

..This study examined whether schizophrenia patients homozygous for the risk allele (T/T) exhibit greater impairment in executive function, and determined the extent to which MTHFR's effects on negative symptoms underlie this relationship...

..Here we tested whether MTL responses to human faces in schizophrenia are abnormal when unconstrained by a cognitive task and measured relative to a low-level baseline (fixation) condition...

..Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we tested the hypothesis that habituation of the medial temporal lobe is reduced in schizophrenia...

..The potential of this approach for improving patient care will depend on its ability to predict outcomes with greater accuracy and sensitivity than current clinical measures...

..Right hippocampal activation during discrimination of previously seen pairs of objects was correlated with activity in the anteromedial thalamus, cingulate cortex, and contralateral hippocampus...

..The finding of smaller medial temporal lobe volumes in the absence of regional specificity has important implications for studying the functional role of the hippocampus and surrounding cortical regions in schizophrenia...

..Impaired hippocampal recruitment, in concert with greater prefrontal activation, may reflect a specific deficit in conscious recollection in schizophrenia...

..These findings confirm the importance of hippocampal recruitment during word retrieval and provide novel evidence for a role of brainstem neurons in word retrieval after semantic encoding...

..Adverse consequences associated with the procedure included affective, cognitive, and visceromotor sequelae, which were generally transient...

..If confirmed, the availability of an index for noninvasively predicting a patient's response to cingulotomy for the treatment of major depression would be of great clinical value...

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