N A Rigotti

..This paper describes the design of a comparative effectiveness trial testing a hospital-initiated intervention against standard care...

..A chronic disease management model is effective for treating tobacco dependence, which deserves as high a priority in health care systems as treating other chronic diseases like diabetes and hypertension...

..Smoking contributes to reasons for hospitalisation, and the period of hospitalisation may be a good time to provide help with quitting...

..Children's exposure to secondhand smoke is associated with increased morbidity. We estimated Medicaid expenditures for children living with smokers compared to those living with no smokers in the United States...

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..Although evidence-based national guidelines for tobacco-dependence treatment have been available since 1996, translating these guidelines into clinical practice is challenging...

..Brief clinic-based interventions are effective but not reliably offered. Population management strategies might improve tobacco treatment delivery in a healthcare system...

..Varenicline, a partial alpha4beta2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist, is effective for smoking cessation in healthy smokers, but its efficacy and safety in smokers with cardiovascular disease are unknown...

..This study measured student support for recommended college tobacco control policies...

..To provide treatment effectively, a country needs trained individuals to deliver these services. We report on the global status of programs that train individuals to provide tobacco dependence treatment...

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..Providing smoking cessation advice, counseling, or medication is now a quality-of-care measure for US hospitals. We assessed the effectiveness of smoking cessation interventions initiated during a hospital stay...

..We assessed young adults' exposure to the tobacco industry marketing strategy of sponsoring social events at bars, nightclubs, and college campuses...

..Bupropion is effective for smoking cessation, but its safety and efficacy in hospitalized smokers with acute cardiovascular disease is unknown...

..Telephone counseling is an effective smoking cessation method that could offer pregnant women convenient access to more intensive smoking cessation counseling...

..Cigarette smoking has been described among college students, but little is known about non-cigarette tobacco use by college students or cigar use by adults of any age...

..To assess how often pregnant and postpartum smokers use medications and how often obstetric providers recommend them...

..is the relative effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of efforts to reduce the supply of tobacco compared to those that aim to reduce demand for tobacco? Will either work alone or are both necessary to achieve reductions in youth smoking?..

..Hospitalization in a smoke-free hospital might precipitate nicotine withdrawal in smokers, but it might also offer smokers an opportunity to stop smoking...

..The extent of NRT use in the hospital setting is unknown. We describe the prevalence and patterns of NRT use in hospitalized smokers...

..A hospital-based intervention may promote smoking cessation after discharge...

..While smoke-free restaurant laws are intended to protect the public from secondhand smoke exposure, they may also discourage smoking among adolescents. There is no evidence from longitudinal studies to test this hypothesis...

..Providers can follow USPHS guidelines with smokers without fear of alienating those not yet considering quitting...

..The objective of this study was to determine whether local tobacco sales laws de crease the rate of progression to established smoking among adolescents...

..We analyzed data from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Surveys to assess the prevalence and the predictors of physicians' identification of smoking status and counseling about smoking at office visits by adolescents...

..This paper examines whether students residing in smoke-free residences are less likely to smoke cigarettes than students in other campus residences, and if such lower rates apply to all types of students and colleges...

..There are few national data on how physicians' practices compare with these standards...

..To determine whether adolescents living in parental homes where smoking is banned are more likely to move into smoke-free living quarters when they leave home...

..63-2.68) or postpartum (OR = 2.18, 95% CI 0.93-5.10). In conclusion, women who are more concerned about post-cessation weight gain may be less likely to quit smoking during pregnancy or remain abstinent in the postpartum period...

..Recommended actions include campus-wide no-smoking policies that apply to student residences and identification of new ways of providing smoking prevention and cessation services...

..This evidence is sufficient to support the routine implementation of these smoking cessation methods in inpatient and outpatient settings for smokers with CVD...

..These data suggest that bupropion SR, 150 mg/day, combined with CBT, may facilitate smoking reduction in patients with schizophrenia while stabilizing psychiatric symptoms during a quit attempt...

..To assess the prevalence of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) use for purposes other than quitting smoking and examine the relation of this non-standard NRT use (NSNRT) with subsequent smoking cessation efforts...

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..Lower abstinence and higher relapse rates are often reported for women treated with NRT. Gender effects for those treated with non-nicotinic, bupropion-hydrochloride sustained release for relapse prevention have not been studied...

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..2 +/- 1.5 x 10(9)/L; P < .001). CONCLUSION: Biochemically confirmed tobacco abstinence leads to a rapid and sustained decrease in WBC and ANC, possibly reflecting a decrease In an underlying state of tobacco-induced inflammation...

..19, 95% CI 1.58 to 3.02) or bars (OR 2.51, 95% CI 1.90 to 3.31). CONCLUSIONS: Strong local restaurant smoking regulations are associated with favourable smoking related social norms among youths and adults...

..Physicians are missing an important opportunity to prevent tobacco-related morbidity and mortality among this group of patients...

..The effect of weight control concerns on smoking among adults is unclear. We examined the association between smoking behavior and weight control efforts among US adults...

..Strategies to deliver these interventions are needed, especially now that providing smoking cessation advice or treatment, or both, to inpatient smokers is a publicly reported quality-of-care measure for US hospitals...

..Lung cancer screening could present a "teachable moment" for promoting smoking cessation and relapse prevention. Understanding the risk perceptions of older individuals who undergo screening will guide these efforts...

..To assess whether perceived changes in postpartum support were associated with postpartum return to smoking...

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..The objective of this study was to test the feasibility and acceptability of introducing an intervention to address mothers' and fathers' smoking during the postpartum hospitalization...

..This paper reports the results of utilizing this novel approach and compares it with a typical decentralized practice-based recruitment strategy...

..To examine the effect of smoking regulations in local restaurants on anti-smoking attitudes and quitting behaviours among adult smokers...

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..We assessed the prevalence and predictors of past-year unmet needs for 5 types of health care services in a national sample of homeless adults...

..Cigarette smoking is common among homeless people, but its characteristics in this vulnerable population have not been studied at a national level. Whether homeless smokers receive advice to quit from healthcare providers is also unknown...

..Mild depressive symptoms are common during hospitalization for CVD. We hypothesized that depressive symptoms measured during hospitalization for acute CVD would predict return to smoking after discharge from the hospital...

..This review examines the complex relationship between smoking and depression in patients with CVD and current evidence for treating this triad...

..The purpose of this work was to describe a novel process and present results of formative research to develop a pediatric office intervention that uses available systems of care for addressing parental smoking...

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..We examined the effect of local restaurant smoking regulations on restaurant environmental tobacco smoke exposure among youths...

..Whether they have these effects even if parents smoke or do not otherwise communicate strong disapproval of smoking to their children is not clear. We tested these hypotheses in multi-level analyses...

..No prior parent surveys have assessed national rates of screening and counseling for parental tobacco use in the context of their child's visit to primary care...

..Young smokers commonly identify themselves as "social smokers," a pattern of smoking behavior that is poorly understood. We assessed the prevalence and correlates of social smoking among US college students...

..3; 95% CI, 1.1-1.5). This study found no consistent associations between community-level youth access ordinances and adolescents' perceived access to tobacco, purchase attempts, or smoking prevalence...

..No prior survey has assessed the acceptability to parents of receiving smoking cessation medication prescriptions in the context of their child's primary care visits...

..34 times the duration of exposure. CONCLUSIONS: Workplace smoking policies substantially reduce the likelihood of self-reported secondhand smoke exposure among employees in the workplace and also greatly affect the duration of exposure...

..To evaluate the feasibility of implementing a smoking cessation intervention for parents at the time of the pediatric visit...

..We evaluated the feasibility of implementing a smoking cessation intervention for parents at the time of child hospitalization for respiratory illness...

..To assess the perceived preparedness of residents in adult primary care specialties to counsel patients about preventive care and psychosocial issues...

..These results indicate a clear need to improve quality of care provided to pregnant women who use tobacco...

..This study examined whether the change in nicotine replacement therapy sales from prescription to over the counter (OTC) status affected smoking cessation...

..We conclude that bupropion does not worsen clinical symptoms of schizophrenia and is modestly effective for smoking cessation in patients with schizophrenia. The relapse rate is high after treatment discontinuation...

..The relationship between cigarette consumption and smoking frequency (daily or nondaily) is not well characterized, and the natural history of light smoking (defined here as smoking < or =10 CPD) is poorly understood...

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..To date, there has been little information on students' self-reported skills and practice opportunities to provide 5A's (Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, and Arrange) counseling for tobacco cessation...

..Improving these mediators of physician counseling in medical students may translate into changes in their practice patterns...

..We examined the association of local restaurant and bar regulations with self-reported exposure to environmental tobacco smoke among adults...

..Interactive computer-based tools are increasingly used for patient and medical student instruction...

..To test whether community-level restrictions on youth access to tobacco (including both ordinances and enforcement) are associated with less smoking initiation or less progression to established smoking among adolescents...

..To determine if there is a minimum duration, frequency or quantity of tobacco use required to develop symptoms of dependence...

..Smoking cessation in this setting should improve patient outcomes because cessation reduces cardiovascular mortality, even when quitting occurs after the onset of CHD...

..It is unclear if parents would be receptive to smoking-cessation interventions at the time when their child is hospitalized...

..It is unclear whether methodological differences in sample size, survey methods, and analysis approach significantly affect the ability to accurately monitor tobacco control activities and to make rate comparisons...

..Varenicline, a partial agonist at the alpha4beta2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, has the potential to aid smoking cessation by relieving nicotine withdrawal symptoms and reducing the rewarding properties of nicotine...

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..There is little information on the extent of compliance with the guideline's treatment model described by the "5A's" (Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange)...

..However, the availability of light cigarettes may deter smoking cessation...

..Although this national sample of public universities had implemented some of the recommended policies, they must take further actions to comply fully with campus tobacco-control guidelines...

..Trait anxiety and relaxation in response to the first dose of nicotine were unrelated and appear to be independent risk factors for the development of nicotine dependence and a reliance on tobacco to cope with stress...

..It has not been determined if a youth's reaction to the first smoking experience is predictive of future nicotine dependence, or whether the impact of the first cigarette can be altered by manipulating levels of tar, nicotine and menthol...

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..We propose that nicotine dependence begins when autonomy is lost, ie, when the sequelae of tobacco use, either physical or psychological, present a barrier to quitting...

..Comprehensively assessing care quality with electronic medical records (EMRs) is not currently possible because much data reside in clinicians' free-text notes...

..If found to be safe and effective, bupropion SR could become a standard part of "secondary prevention" therapy for smokers with acute CHD, a large, high-risk, high-cost patient group. ..

..If this pilot is successful, we plan to test the safety and efficacy of bupropion SR in a future full-scale randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial for smoking cessation in postpartum women. ..

..The broad range of the candidate's research program offers valuable training opportunities to future mentees. ..