James Fox

..hepaticus-induced hepatitis in young male mice, whereas androgen receptor agonism does not worsen disease. This raises the possibility of targeted hormonal therapy in young male patients with childhood-acquired HBV...

..Collectively, these data suggest that H. cinaedi ahpC not only contributes to protecting the organism against oxidative stress but also alters its pathogenic properties in vivo...

..Gene expression in the distal colon was determined prior to infection, and at four and nine days post-inoculation using a whole mouse genome Affymetrix array...

..pylori colonization. Furthermore, elevated salt intake may potentiate H. pylori-associated carcinogenesis by inducing proliferation, pit cell hyperplasia, and glandular atrophy...

..Thus, concurrent enteric helminth infection can attenuate gastric atrophy, a premalignant lesion...

..These findings mimic features observed in human multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes...

..jejuni to escape immune surveillance. NF-kappaB-deficient mice should be a useful model to further study the role of CDT and other aspects of C. jejuni pathogenesis...

..pylori-infected mice at 19 months pi. These data support a protective role for TFF2 in part by modulating levels of gastric interferon-gamma in the development of H. pylori-associated premalignancy of the distal stomach...

..We also discuss how the increased understanding of the relationship between inflammation and gastric cancer still leaves many questions unanswered regarding recommendations for prevention and treatment...

..hepaticus pathogenesis. Delineating targets of H. hepaticus virulence factors could facilitate novel approaches to treating microbially induced lower bowel inflammatory diseases...

..Further microbiological and histological analysis of this chronic idiopathic colitis syndrome in macaques may prove useful in understanding the aetiology and pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease in man...

..nov. for these organisms. Further studies are required to ascertain if this novel Helicobacter sp. plays a tumor promotion role in hepadnavirus-associated tumors in woodchucks or causes enterohepatic disease in cats...

..bilis and closely related Helicobacter spp. play an etiological role in hepatobiliary disease in both animals and humans...

..This review highlights the expanding role that other helicobacters, although not as well known as H pylori, play in gastrointestinal and systemic disease in humans...

..This study highlights the importance of using both genders to investigate the pathogenesis of H. pylori...

..The mouse model of helicobacter-associated intestinal inflammation should prove valuable in understanding how specific microbial antigens influence a complex disease process...

..This study confirms the widespread prevalence of H. hepaticus in mice, its potential to confound experimental results, and the need to include diagnostic testing for H. hepaticus in a murine health monitoring program...

..All eight strains of H. macacae had 99.5% identical 16S rRNA sequences...

..fennelliae, and H. cinaedi. This finding highlights the importance of careful molecular analysis in addition to standard biochemical tests in identifying the increasing number of Helicobacter spp. isolated from humans and animals...

..Whether these two novel helicobacters pose a zoonotic risk, similar to other enteric helicobacters (e.g., H. canadensis, previously isolated from diarrheic and bacteremic humans and from geese in Europe), will require further studies...

..Because several Helicobacter sp. colonize the livers of animals and induce hepatitis, the aim of this study was to determine whether Helicobacter infection was associated with cholecystitis in humans...

..These results provide a new model of IBD and cholangio-hepatitis associated with a specific urease-negative, novel H. species...

..Further studies are necessary to determine the role of H. cetorum in the development of gastric ulcers and gastritis of cetaceans. This is the first description and formal naming of a novel Helicobacter species from a marine mammal...

..To analyze host genetic factors and the influence of Helicobacter on cell proliferation, we used an inbred and p53 hemizygous mouse model of Helicobacter felis-induced gastritis...

..Infection with H. hepaticus is sufficient to cause chronic proliferative intestinal inflammation in TCR alphabeta mutant mice. However, H. hepaticus infection is not necessary for intestinal disease in TCR alpha-/- mice...

..The clinical relevance of enteric Helicobacter and Campylobacter coinfection in cats will require further studies...

..Although these organisms were previously associated with extragastric infections, the roles of these organisms in the pathogenesis of chronic gastritis or peptic ulcer disease remain unclear...

..These results indicate that WT(Hc) can be used to model inflammatory bowel disease in IL-10(-/-) mice and that CDT contributes to the virulence of H. cinaedi...

..This is the first animal model of bacterial gastritis to be described that shows progression from acute inflammation to persistent acute on chronic inflammation (active chronic) as is seen in human infection with H. pylori...

..hepaticus in the cecum, compared with those of hepatitis-resistant C57BL/6 mice. Host responses of A/JCr mice that limit cecal colonization with H. hepaticus may have important roles in the pathogenesis of hepatic lesions...

..hepaticus has urease structural genes which are homologous to those of the gastric Helicobacter species and that these gene sequences can be used in a PCR and RFLP assay for diagnosis of this important murine pathogen...

..Cdt caused cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase as measured by flow cytometry. The results demonstrated the presence of a toxin in these Helicobacter spp. belonging to the family of Cdt...

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..Scant colonization by the Hsr-negative H. mustelae strain at the end of the 18-week study, despite initial successful colonization, indicates an inability of the mutant to persist, perhaps due to a specific host response...

..Collectively, these results confirm essential roles for inflammation, increased TNF-alpha expression, and elevated NO production in colon carcinogenesis...

..trogontum (with or without H. rodentium) induces a rapid-onset, erosive to ulcerative typhlocolitis which impacts the normal anaerobic flora of the colon and increases the risk of sepsis...

..Thus, lesions in the distal portion of the large bowel of aging hamsters naturally colonized with Helicobacter spp. warrants developing the hamster as an animal model of IBD and potentially IBD-related cancer...

..Recently, gut microbes have been implicated in multisystemic diseases including obesity and diabetes. Here, the hypothesis that specific intestinal bacteria promote liver cancer was tested in chemical and viral transgenic mouse models...

..This is a first report of gastric adenocarcinoma in helicobacter-infected hamsters. Syrian hamsters appear suitable as potential model for studying development of helicobacter-associated gastric adenocarcinomas...

..Seizures were observed in a 16-year old male Guyanese squirrel monkey with a history of inappetence and weakness...

..The clustering of severe hepatic disease in these cohabitating ferroes suggests a possible infectious etiology. The role of Helicobacter species and other bacteria in hepatitis and/or neoplasia in ferrets requires further study...

..rodentium-induced hyperplasia occurs. These data demonstrate that bacterial infection promotes colon tumor formation in genetically susceptible mice...

..pylori prevention and eradication...

..Dual infection with these two pathogens in rabbits has not been previously reported and may have contributed to the unusually high mortality observed in this outbreak...

..pylori-infected humans. The H. pylori-infected guinea pig should prove useful in modeling the interaction of helicobacter and vitamin C in gastric carcinogenesis...

..bilis causes IBD in scid mice with defined flora. This result both confirms a pathogenic role for H. bilis in mice and provides a new model relating a specific microbial agent and IBD...

..T cell development in NF-kappaB-deficient mice was normal. These data indicate that p50 and p65 subunits of NF-kappaB have an unexpected role in inhibiting the development of colitis...

..This is the first observation of H. cinaedi associated with active hepatitis and colitis in a nonhuman primate...

..i. The characterization of a cell-mediated Th1 immune response to H. hepaticus infection in the A/JCr mouse should prove valuable as a model for experimental regimens which manipulate the host response to Helicobacter...

..hepaticus DNA. Therefore, this assay can be used with high sensitivity and specificity to quantify H. hepaticus in experimentally infected mouse models as well as in naturally infected mice...

..jejuni; (2) significant genomic alterations exist between H. hepaticus and H. pylori, including gene organization, protein sequences and GC content, probably in part due to specific adaptation to distinct ecological niches...

..009), compared with control (60.77 +/- 8.39 pM) mice. Gastric dilatation syndrome is associated with chronic nephropathy, hypergastrinemia, and gastritis in surveillance mice exposed to high levels of environmental antigens...

..These results indicate that H. bilis has a conserved, unique OMP protein profile that is distinct from those of H. pylori...

..None of the cluster ferrets were seropositive for FeLV p27 antigen using a monoclonal ELISA. Infection with a novel ferret virus is suspected, but an etiological agent has not yet been identified...

..pylori-induced gastric pathology in C57BL/6 mice. This modulation was related to the variable effects of EHS on gastric interleukin 17 (IL-17) responses to H. pylori infection...

..01). Prevention of H. pylori-induced gastric cancer by E2 and TAM may be mediated by estrogen signaling and is associated with decreased CXCL1, decreased neutrophil counts, and downregulation of oncogenic pathways...

..troglodytis genomovar. Further studies are required to determine whether the organism is pathogenic to chimpanzees and whether this novel Campylobacter colonizes humans and causes enteric disease...

..The cystic dilations extended into and included the teat canal producing the gross appearance. Prolactin-secreting acidophil adenomas have not been previously reported in the rabbit, and the association with mammary dysplasia is unique...

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..We present the clinical and laboratory findings associated with Aleutian disease in 2 domestic ferrets, one with the chronic wasting form of the disease and one with the central nervous system form...

..Using these methods it is possible to repeatedly sample moderate volumes of blood and to perform intravenous injections in both conscious and sedated ferrets...

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..hepaticus catalase. Catalases are highly conserved enzymes in bacteria and mammals that may contribute to autoimmune responses in animals infected with catalase-producing pathogens...

..pylori-mediated inflammation and in regulatory effects between wt T(R) and IL-10(-/-) T(R) cells suggest that IL-10 expression by wt T(R) cells is important to regulatory suppression of gastric inflammation...

..These data provide insights into etiopathogenesis of inflammation-associated epithelial invasion and maintenance of epithelial homeostasis...

..These results demonstrate a protective effect of E2 in H.pylori-induced gastric cancer in a mouse model...

..We suggest that snus is a potential gastric carcinogen in mice. The development of CIS was associated with increased rates of the epithelial cell proliferation and apoptosis, common features of gastric carcinogenesis...

..The AOM-induced adenomas were predominantly exophytic and nodular or polypoid and localized to the distal colon. These results suggest that H. hepaticus promotes AOM-induced tumorigenesis in the BALB/c-IL10 null mouse...

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..These results demonstrate that pathologic elevation of a single proinflammatory cytokine may be sufficient to induce neoplasia and provide a direct link between IL-1beta, MDSCs, and carcinogenesis...

..This new model of polymicrobial infection provides insight into the mechanism by which subclinical infection can exacerbate morbidity due to an unrelated self-limiting infection...

..05) at 13 WPI. These results demonstrate that genes in the HHGI1 contribute to the pathogenicity of H. hepaticus, at least in part via up-regulation of proinflammatory mediators IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha and IL-17a...

..Thus, c-Rel plays a critical role in regulating the innate inflammatory response to microflora within the lower bowel, likely through its ability to modulate expression of IL-12/23 family members...

..These data demonstrate that the repair of DNA lesions formed by RONS during chronic inflammation is important for protection against colon carcinogenesis...

..pylori eradication prevented gastric cancer to the greatest extent when antibiotics are given at an early point of infection, but that eradication therapy given at a later time point delayed the development of severe dysplastic lesions...

..5% versus 1.7%, respectively). The data suggest that H. hepaticus, which is present in many research colonies, promotes colon tumorigenesis in the BALB-RagMin mouse and that it has the potential to confound colon tumorigenesis studies...

..The use of AB6F1 and B6AF1 mice, as well as genetically engineered mice, on a C57BL/6 background will allow studies investigating the role of chronic microbial hepatitis and steatohepatitis in the pathogenesis of liver cancer...

..pylori-induced premalignant gastric lesions. In addition, less severe gastric lesions in H.pylori infected gulo(-/-) mice supplemented with low vitamin C correlated with an attenuated Th1 inflammatory response...

..04), and tissue plasminogen activator (P<0.05). Circulating Stx2 promoted dose-dependent enteritis and renal injury characterized by inflammation and impaired fibrinolysis leading to thrombosis...

..Our studies suggest that TFF2 not only controls gastrointestinal repair but also regulates mononuclear cell inflammatory responses...

..These results suggest that the absence of the p50/p105 subunit of NF-kappaB within hemopoietic cells of the innate immune system interferes with the ability of IL-10 to suppress inflammatory gene expression and Hh-induced colitis...

..Current recommendations for deriving and managing helicobacter-free animal colonies for research are provided...

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..However, a CDT-negative H. hepaticus mutant had a significantly diminished capacity to induce lesions in this murine model of inflammatory bowel disease...

..may play a role in the etiopathogenesis of gastrointestinal diseases in pinnipeds. To our knowledge, this represents the first isolation and characterization of a novel Helicobacter spp. from pinnipeds...

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..These results suggest that inhibition of H. hepaticus-induced IL-12 p40 expression by NF-kappaB subunits is critical to preventing colonic inflammation in response to inflammatory microflora...

..cetorum, and results indicate there is at least a 50% prevalence of H. cetorum infection in these dolphins...

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..The INS-GAS model is effective for investigating discrete host-microbial interactions that culminate in gastric cancer within the context of biologic conditions induced by H. pylori...

..pylori-infected animals, these lesions were present without concurrent gastric inflammation. The outbred Mongolian gerbil therefore provides an excellent animal model for the study of several gastric cancer risk factors...

..Our findings provide evidence for a naturally occurring animal model of EHEC-induced systemic disease that closely resembles human HUS...

..Identifying potentially removable factors (in addition to H. pylori infection) in the acquisition and progression of neoplastic disease may provide targets for early intervention and prevention strategies...

..nemestrinae ATCC 49396T is really a strain of H. pylori and that H. nemestrinae Bronsdon et al. 1991 is a junior heterotypic synonym of Helicobacter pylori (Marshall et al. 1985) Goodwin et al. 1989...

..Esophageal and forestomach ulcers were noted on endoscopy. This is the first report of novel Helicobacter spp. being identified from whales...

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..To examine the relationship of SPEM to the neoplastic process in the H. felis -infected C57BL/6 mouse, we have now studied the association of SPEM-related transcripts with preneoplasia...

..These data demonstrate the profound interactions between the immune response to unrelated organisms, and suggest these types of interactions my impact clinical disease...

..The possibility that dysregulated gut microbial infections in humans may lead to cancer in anatomically distant organs, such as breast, highlights the need for novel immune-based strategies in cancer prevention and treatment...

..A more complete understanding of the etiopathogenesis of hepatobiliary disease and hepatocellular carcinoma is likely to result in new strategies for treatment and prevention of these important human diseases. ..

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..prior and subsequent to oral vaccination with Helicobacter spp. antigens and mucosal adjuvants, elucidate how these vaccine strategies influence microflora dynamics and impact gut cytokine responses. ..

..pylori pathogenesis and specifically evaluate the role of regulatory T cells in limiting H. pylori-induced gastric pathology. ..

..A more complete understanding of the etiopathogenesis of hepatobiliary disease and hepatocellular carcinoma is likely to result in new strategies for treatment and prevention of these important human diseases. ..

..We will use this model to study the pathogenesis of HUS and importantly to develop therapeutic regimens to prevent and treat EHEC disease. ..

..These students will spend a summer in the same research environment in which the postdoctoral fellows conduct their research. ..

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..Thirdly, the choice of virulence factors ot be tested in vivo will in part be determined by in vitro assays as well as screening H. pylori isogenic mutants in a mouse model, recently developed in our laboratory. ..

..hepaticus at different stages of infection. ..