G A Nichols

..Severe hypertriglyceridemia is associated with resource-intensive conditions such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and pancreatitis. Whether triglyceride (TG) reduction reduces annual medical costs has not been studied...

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..To identify the characteristics associated with glycemic response to newly initiated insulin therapy...

..About half the patients starting statins could be candidates for additional therapy targeting non-LDL cholesterol lipid fractions...

..Investigators from the Framingham Offspring Study (FOS) recently proposed a new simple point score for estimating 8-year diabetes mellitus (DM) risk...

..The purpose of this study was to elucidate the relationship between fasting plasma glucose (FPG), development of diabetes, and incident heart failure (HF) in a large, community sample of nondiabetic subjects...

..To estimate the resource utilization and medical costs of patients with impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), or both, in a real-world clinical setting...

..Estimates of myopathy rates in the literature are based on adverse events reported in clinical trials, which may not be representative of the clinical practice setting...

..Our objectives were to compare the proportion of elderly patients receiving intensive or minimal-guideline lipid-lowering therapy and the proportions meeting low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) goals before and after the update...

..Patients and providers may be reluctant to escalate to insulin therapy despite inadequate glycemic control...

..We sought to estimate the rate of progression from newly acquired (incident) impaired fasting glucose (IFG) to diabetes under the old and new IFG criteria and to identify predictors of progression to diabetes...

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..To estimate the prevalence of complications associated with diabetes in patients with hyperglycemia below the threshold for diabetes, and to evaluate the associated medical costs...

..We sought to compare the prevalence and incidence of atrial fibrillation in age- and sex-matched patients with and without type 2 diabetes...

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..To estimate the direct medical costs of hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes by the level of proteinuria and to evaluate the differences between patients whose nephropathy did and did not progress...

..In conclusion, our results add to the growing body of evidence that increasing the HDL cholesterol levels might be an important strategy for CVD risk reduction. The prevention of HDL cholesterol decreases could be equally important...

..In conclusion, severe hypertriglyceridemia was associated with 33% to 38% greater medical costs per annum, independent of resource-intensive conditions such as cardiovascular disease, heart failure, hypertension, and diabetes...

..Furthermore, the independent cost contribution of each component alone and in combination with other components is unknown...

..To document the extent to which drug naïve patients with diabetes continued newly initiated metformin monotherapy, and who subsequently experienced primary failure or therapeutic success...

..Because metabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined as any three of five criteria, not all persons with MetS have the same risk factors. Whether the combinations of criteria confer equal diabetes risk is unknown...

..92, 95% CI 0.83 to 1.01, p = 0.067). In conclusion, treatment according to current guidelines was significantly associated with reduced mortality but not the risk of secondary hospitalizations...

..To estimate direct medical costs among patients with established cardiovascular disease (CVD)...

..However, whether fibrates provide a CVD risk reduction independent of changes in the traditional lipoprotein fractions and other known CVD risk factors is not clear...

..To describe secondary failure of initial metformin therapy in patients who achieved initial HbA(1c) (A1C) <8% and to identify predictors of failure...

..The study compares the risk of incident diabetes associated with fasting plasma glucose levels in the normal range, controlling for other risk factors...

..However, these conditions are often present prior to diabetes diagnosis. We sought to determine whether they increase the risk of developing diabetes independent of other risk factors...

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..Our objectives were to estimate the CHF risk associated with specific therapies for diabetes and to determine the differences in incidence rates of CHF associated with adding various antidiabetic agents...

..We examined whether cardiovascular disease (CVD) affects medical care costs differently in subjects with and without diabetes and explored the impact of CVD on costs across the dimensions of age and diabetes duration...

..To estimate the prevalence of diagnosed depression in a large population of individuals with type 2 diabetes, compared to a matched control group, and to estimate the extent of depression that is independently associated with diabetes...

..We examined functional health status prior to the diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, and measured the effect on functional health status of receiving the diagnosis...

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..To describe and analyze the time course of medical care costs caused by type 2 diabetes, from the time of diagnosis through the first 8 postdiagnostic years...

..To determine the characteristics that influence glycemic control among insulin-using adults with type 2 diabetes...

..To describe and analyze medical care costs for the 8 years preceding a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes...

..To estimate the prevalence and incidence of congestive heart failure (CHF) in populations with and without type 2 diabetes and to identify risk factors for diabetes-associated CHF...

..To identify patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were in poor glycemic control and therapeutic adjustments that might improve control...

..To describe the long-term clinical impact of a comprehensive management program instituted throughout a health system for members with diabetes mellitus...

..The total cost of treating patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at an HMO increased as antidiabetic therapies escalated...

..To revise older estimates of secondary failure that may no longer describe the contemporary pattern of sulfonylurea (SU) monotherapy and to identify predictors of such failure...

..The relative impact of these comorbidities was greatest among younger (<60 years) patients with CKD, and their relative effect diminished with age...

..The prevention of large weight gains holds promise for significantly reducing future medical care costs. Future studies should examine the causes of rapid weight gain and evaluate approaches to prevent and reverse such weight gain...

..Our findings support the current treatment algorithm for hyperglycemia management that recommends metformin initiation when diabetes is first diagnosed...

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..S. Department of Health and Human Services, 1993]), that is, primarily with SSRI medications...

..Although antithrombotic agents are often prescribed at hospital discharge after CVD-related events, much less is known about the ongoing use of such agents...

..To evaluate the effect of a patient panel-support tool (PST) on care delivery for diabetes mellitus (DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD)...

..In type 2 diabetes, therapies to maintain blood glucose control usually fail after several years. We estimated the glycemic burden that accumulates from treatment failure and describe the time course and predictors of failure...

..Future research should focus on understanding barriers to GIOP identification and facilitating osteoporosis management...

..Limited community-based data describe weight change after diabetes diagnosis...

..Weight loss in type 2 diabetes is undisputedly important, and data from community settings are limited. We evaluated weight change and resulting glycemic and blood pressure control in type 2 diabetic patients at an HMO...

..Our purpose was to aid in the design of more effective future interventions...

..Clinical trials have shown the effectiveness of bisphosphonates, the most commonly prescribed treatments, in reducing fracture risk. The population-based effectiveness of bisphosphonates in clinical practice is uncertain...

..We estimated the quality of life impact of vision loss in a community-based population with diabetes...

..To achieve glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus, the American Diabetes Association (ADA) recommends intensification of glucose-lowering therapy when the glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level exceeds 8.0%...

..To determine whether the chronically or recurrently depressed patients of family practice and internal medicine physicians differed in the proportion reporting that their primary care physician asked them about depression symptoms...

..To describe how primary care clinicians' perceptions about depression care as a clinical activity changed during the adoption of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in their health maintenance organization (HMO)...

..CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that efforts to reduce mortality in this population should be focused on treatment and prevention of coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, diabetes mellitus, and anemia...

..Patients with hypertension often have other major risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Little is known, however, about the extent of risk-factor clustering in these patients and its importance in CVD risk and medical-care costs...

..Finally, we will calculate and compare the costs of medical care for patients in each FPG stage, and estimate multivariate models to identify factors that contribute to medical costs in each stage. ..