Research Topics
| K P WestSummaryAffiliation: Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Country: USA Publications
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Detail Information
Publications
Extent of vitamin A deficiency among preschool children and women of reproductive ageKeith P West
Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205
J Nutr 132:2857S-2866S. 2002..Greater effort is needed to assess and prevent VAD and its disorders, particularly among pregnant and lactating women...
Miscarriage but not stillbirth rates are higher among younger nulliparas in rural Southern NepalJoanne Katz
Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205 2103, USA
J Adolesc Health 42:587-95. 2008..To examine the impact of young maternal age on miscarriages and stillbirths in rural Southern Nepal...- A cross-sectional study of the prevalence and risk factors for hypertension in rural Nepali womenRumana J Khan
Program in Human Nutrition, Department of International Health Bloomberg, School of Public Health Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, 21205 MD, USA
BMC Public Health 13:55. 2013..The prevalence of hypertension is increasing in much of the South Asian region, including Nepal. This paper reports the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension and pre-hypertension among adult women in a rural community of Nepal... - A cluster-randomized, placebo-controlled, maternal vitamin A or beta-carotene supplementation trial in Bangladesh: design and methodsAlain B Labrique
Center for Human Nutrition, Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Trials 12:102. 2011.... - Accounts of severe acute obstetric complications in rural BangladeshShegufta S Sikder
Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 11:76. 2011..We aim to describe the health care decision-making process during severe acute obstetric complications among women and their families in rural Bangladesh... - Risk of death following pregnancy in rural NepalElizabeth Kimbrough Pradhan
Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205 2103, USA
Bull World Health Organ 80:887-91. 2002..To investigate the length of time following pregnancy during which the risk of mortality was elevated among women in rural Nepal... 
Vitamin A intake and status in populations facing economic stressKeith P West
Center for Human Nutrition, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
J Nutr 140:201S-7S. 2010....- Double blind, cluster randomised trial of low dose supplementation with vitamin A or beta carotene on mortality related to pregnancy in Nepal. The NNIPS-2 Study GroupK P West
Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, Division of Human Nutrition, Room 2041, 615 N Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
BMJ 318:570-5. 1999..To assess the impact on mortality related to pregnancy of supplementing women of reproductive age each week with a recommended dietary allowance of vitamin A, either preformed or as beta carotene... - Vitamin A deficiency as a preventable cause of maternal mortality in undernourished societies: plausibility and next stepsK P West
Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
Int J Gynaecol Obstet 85:S24-7. 2004..These findings reveal the potential for vitamin A and other micronutrient interventions to improve maternal and infant health and survival. They also present important implementation challenges for the developing world... - Vitamin A deficiency disorders in children and womenKeith P West
Center for Human Nutrition, Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
Food Nutr Bull 24:S78-90. 2003..Epidemiologic data on vitamin A deficiency disorders can be useful in planning, designing, and targeting interventions... - Antenatal micronutrients in undernourished peopleKeith P West
Center for Human Nutrition, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Lancet 371:452-4. 2008 - Effects of vitamin A or beta carotene supplementation on pregnancy-related mortality and infant mortality in rural Bangladesh: a cluster randomized trialKeith P West
Center for Human Nutrition, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
JAMA 305:1986-95. 2011..Maternal vitamin A deficiency is a public health concern in the developing world. Its prevention may improve maternal and infant survival... - Maternal low-dose vitamin A or beta-carotene supplementation has no effect on fetal loss and early infant mortality: a randomized cluster trial in NepalJ Katz
Department of International Health, The Center for Human Nutrition, the Sight and Life Institute, and the Dean s Office, Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205 2103, USA
Am J Clin Nutr 71:1570-6. 2000..The effect of vitamin A supplementation on the survival of infants aged <6 mo is unclear. Because most infant deaths occur in the first few month of life, maternal supplementation may improve infant survival... - The effect of maternal micronutrient supplementation on early neonatal morbidity in rural Nepal: a randomised, controlled, community trialP Christian
Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Maryland, USA
Arch Dis Child 93:660-4. 2008..Micronutrient deficiencies during pregnancy may be linked to poor newborn health and poor host defences against infection. We assessed newborn morbidity to determine the effect of four combinations of antenatal micronutrient supplements... - Zinc supplementation might potentiate the effect of vitamin A in restoring night vision in pregnant Nepalese womenP Christian
Division of Human Nutrition, School of Hygiene and Public Health, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Am J Clin Nutr 73:1045-51. 2001..During a placebo-controlled trial in Nepal, weekly vitamin A supplementation of women reduced but failed to eliminate the incidence of night blindness during pregnancy, suggesting a role for zinc... - Cigarette smoking during pregnancy in rural Nepal. Risk factors and effects of beta-carotene and vitamin A supplementationP Christian
Division of Human Nutrition, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Eur J Clin Nutr 58:204-11. 2004..We examined risk factors of smoking and the association between smoking and pregnancy-related and 6-month infant mortality in rural Nepal, where 30% women reported smoking during pregnancy... - Twinning rates and survival of twins in rural NepalJ Katz
The Division of Disease Control and Prevention, and the Center for Human Nutrition CHN, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205 2103, USA
Int J Epidemiol 30:802-7. 2001..Twin pregnancies are common but there are few data on rates of twinning or survival of liveborn twin infants in developing countries... - Maternal night blindness increases risk of mortality in the first 6 months of life among infants in NepalP Christian
Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
J Nutr 131:1510-2. 2001..Thus, 6-mo mortality was higher among infants of women who had night blindness during pregnancy. Maternal receipt of vitamin A reduced this risk... - Antenatal and postnatal iron supplementation and childhood mortality in rural Nepal: a prospective follow-up in a randomized, controlled community trialParul Christian
Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Center for Human Nutrition, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
Am J Epidemiol 170:1127-36. 2009..Maternal iron-folic acid supplementation reduced mortality among these children by 31% between birth and age 7 years. These results provide additional motivation for strengthening antenatal iron-folic acid programs... - Supplementation with vitamin A early in life and subsequent risk of asthmaW Checkley
Critical Care Dept of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21212, USA
Eur Respir J 38:1310-9. 2011..12 for all comparisons). Vitamin A supplementation early in life was not associated with a decreased risk of asthma in an area with chronic vitamin A deficiency... - Tolerance of young infants to a single, large dose of vitamin A: a randomized community trial in NepalK P West
School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
Bull World Health Organ 70:733-9. 1992..The controlled, periodic distribution of a single 15,000 RE dose of vitamin A therefore confers no apparent acute risk to young infants; a 30,000 RE dose is associated with a minimum risk of transient, acute side-effects... - The impact of a small steady stream of income for women on family health and economic well-beingJ Katz
Department of International Health, John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205 2103, USA
Glob Public Health 2:35-52. 2007..Longer follow-up may reveal impacts on health access and expenditures, although these were not evident in 2 years of employment... - Circulating levels of retinol, tocopherol and carotenoid in Nepali pregnant and postpartum women following long-term beta-carotene and vitamin A supplementationS Yamini
Center for Human Nutrition, Department of International Health and the Sight and Life Institute, The Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Eur J Clin Nutr 55:252-9. 2001..beta-carotene supplementation appeared to increase levels of tocopherol and other carotenoids in this population... - Association between nutritional status and positive childhood disability screening using the ten questions plus tool in Sarlahi, NepalL Wu
Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205 2103, USA
J Health Popul Nutr 28:585-94. 2010..01, 95% CI 1.27-3.20). Parental report of disability was quite prevalent in this setting, with over a quarter of the sample screening positive. Chronic malnutrition may be associated with delayed motor and mental development... - Hyporetinolemia, illness symptoms, and acute phase protein response in pregnant women with and without night blindnessP Christian
Center for Human Nutrition, Department of International Health, School of Hygiene and Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Am J Clin Nutr 67:1237-43. 1998..AGP and CRP may provide useful information about the effect of reported illness on hyporetinolemia in pregnancy. Infection-related hyporetinolemia may predispose women to night blindness during pregnancy in Nepal... - Effect of vitamin A supplementation on morbidity due to Plasmodium falciparum in young children in Papua New Guinea: a randomised trialA H Shankar
Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
Lancet 354:203-9. 1999..Vitamin A is central to normal immune function, and supplementation has been shown to lower the morbidity of some infectious diseases. We investigated the effect of vitamin A supplementation on malaria morbidity... - Neonatal vitamin A supplementation: effect on development and growth at 3 y of ageJ H Humphrey
Center for Human Nutrition, The Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Am J Clin Nutr 68:109-17. 1998..68 cm, P < 0.05), over the first 3 y of life. This study provides no evidence that neonatal vitamin A supplementation is associated with biologically significant adverse growth or developmental sequelae... - Vitamin A deficiency and attributable mortality among under-5-year-oldsJ H Humphrey
Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205 2179
Bull World Health Organ 70:225-32. 1992..Improved vitamin A nutriture alone could prevent 1.3-2.5 million of the nearly 8 million late infancy and preschool-age child deaths that occur each year in the highest-risk developing countries... - Vitamin A deficiency and xerophthalmia among school-aged children in Southeastern AsiaV Singh
Center for Human Nutrition, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Eur J Clin Nutr 58:1342-9. 2004.... - Hyporetinolemia and acute phase proteins in children with and without xerophthalmiaR D Semba
Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
Am J Clin Nutr 72:146-53. 2000..The relations among hyporetinolemia, acute phase proteins, and vitamin A status in children are unclear... - Preterm delivery but not intrauterine growth retardation is associated with young maternal age among primiparae in rural NepalChristine P Stewart
Department of International Health, Center for Human Nutrition, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N Wolfe Street, Room W2505, Baltimore, MD 21205 2103, USA
Matern Child Nutr 3:174-85. 2007..Thus, we conclude that young maternal age (<or=18 years) increased the risk of preterm delivery, but not intrauterine growth retardation, for the first but not second liveborn infant... - Micronutrient deficiencies in early pregnancy are common, concurrent, and vary by season among rural Nepali pregnant womenTianan Jiang
Center for Human Nutrition, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
J Nutr 135:1106-12. 2005..Women in rural South Asia are likely to begin a pregnancy with multiple micronutrient deficiencies that may vary with seasonality in micronutrient-rich food availability... - Interactions between zinc and vitamin A: an updateP Christian
Center for Human Nutrition and the Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
Am J Clin Nutr 68:435S-441S. 1998..Research should focus on understanding this interaction in the context of coexisting moderate-to-severe zinc and vitamin A deficiencies in the population... - Antenatal supplementation with folic acid + iron + zinc improves linear growth and reduces peripheral adiposity in school-age children in rural NepalChristine P Stewart
Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Am J Clin Nutr 90:132-40. 2009..We previously reported that a randomized controlled trial of antenatal micronutrient supplements in rural Nepal decreased the risk of low birth weight by approximately 15%... - A randomised trial of povidone-iodine to reduce visual impairment from corneal ulcers in rural NepalJ Katz
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Division of Disease Prevention and Control, Department of International Health, Room W5009, 615 N Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205 2103, USA
Br J Ophthalmol 88:1487-92. 2004..To assess whether povidone-iodine provided any benefit over and above a standard regimen of antibiotic therapy for the treatment of corneal ulcers... - Maternal vitamin A supplementation and lung function in offspringWilliam Checkley
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
N Engl J Med 362:1784-94. 2010.... - Newborn vitamin A supplementation reduced infant mortality in rural BangladeshRolf D W Klemm
DRPH, Johns Hopkins University, Center for Human Nutrition, Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205
Pediatrics 122:e242-50. 2008..We assessed the effect of supplementing newborns with 50000 IU of vitamin A on all-cause infant mortality through 24 weeks of age... - The post-partum mid-upper arm circumference of adolescents is reduced by pregnancy in rural NepalJoanne Katz
Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
Matern Child Nutr 6:287-95. 2010..Such a loss of fat, muscle or both may put younger women and their breastfed offspring at greater risk of other adverse health and nutritional outcomes... - Risk factors for pregnancy-related mortality: a prospective study in rural NepalParul Christian
Department of International Health and Center for Human Nutrition, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 N Wolfe St, Room W2041, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Public Health 122:161-72. 2008..This study examined the risk factors of mortality related to pregnancy for the first year post partum in a cohort of 25,580 pregnancies... - Antenatal micronutrient supplementation reduces metabolic syndrome in 6- to 8-year-old children in rural NepalChristine P Stewart
Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
J Nutr 139:1575-81. 2009..Supplementation with multiple micronutrients had no such affect. Future follow-up studies are needed to examine long-term supplementation effects on risk of chronic diseases in adults... - Risk factors for early infant mortality in Sarlahi district, NepalJoanne Katz
Division of Disease Prevention and Control, Center for Human Nutrition, Sight and Life Research Institute, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Bull World Health Organ 81:717-25. 2003..Early infant mortality has not declined as rapidly as child mortality in many countries. Identification of risk factors for early infant mortality may help inform the design of intervention strategies... - Effects of alternative maternal micronutrient supplements on low birth weight in rural Nepal: double blind randomised community trialParul Christian
Division of Human Nutrition, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
BMJ 326:571. 2003..To assess the impact on birth size and risk of low birth weight of alternative combinations of micronutrients given to pregnant women... - Antenatal supplementation with micronutrients and biochemical indicators of status and subclinical infection in rural NepalParul Christian
Center for Human Nutrition, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Am J Clin Nutr 83:788-94. 2006..Previously we showed that women in rural Nepal experience multiple micronutrient deficiencies in early pregnancy... - Determinants of maternal vitamin A or beta-carotene supplementation coverage: village-based female distributors in NepalJoanne Katz
Department of International Health, Center for Human Nutrition, Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205-2103, USA
Am J Public Health 92:1105-7. 2002 - The impact of vitamin A supplementation on mortality inequalities among children in NepalDavid Bishai
Department of Population and Family Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA Email
Health Policy Plan 20:60-6. 2005..This paper examines gender, caste and economic differentials in child mortality in the context of a cluster-randomized trial of vitamin A distribution, in order to determine whether or not the intervention narrowed these differentials... - Supplementation with micronutrients in addition to iron and folic acid does not further improve the hematologic status of pregnant women in rural NepalParul Christian
Center for Human Nutrition, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
J Nutr 133:3492-8. 2003..The level of compliance and baseline Hb concentrations modified the effect of iron... - Antenatal anthelmintic treatment, birthweight, and infant survival in rural NepalParul Christian
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of International Health and Center for Human Nutrition, Baltimore, MD, USA
Lancet 364:981-3. 2004..59; 95% CI 0.43-0.82). Antenatal anthelmintics could be effective in reducing maternal anaemia and improving birthweight and infant survival in hookworm-endemic regions... - Effects of maternal micronutrient supplementation on fetal loss and infant mortality: a cluster-randomized trial in NepalParul Christian
Department of International Health, The Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, Room 2041, Baltimore, MD 21205 2179, USA
Am J Clin Nutr 78:1194-202. 2003..We previously reported that maternal micronutrient supplementation in rural Nepal decreased low birth weight by approximately 15%... - Maternal serum proteome changes between the first and third trimester of pregnancy in rural southern NepalP F Scholl
Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205 2200, USA
Placenta 33:424-32. 2012..Measurement of changes in the maternal serum proteome, when linked with birth outcomes, may yield biomarkers for tracking reproductive health in resource poor settings in future studies... - Seasonality in urinary and household salt iodine content among pregnant and lactating women of the plains of NepalK J Schulze
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Eur J Clin Nutr 57:969-76. 2003..Marked seasonality in SI content may account for the lack of intraindividual correlation between maternal iodine status during pregnancy and postpartum periods and contribute to periodicity in the risk of iodine deficiency... - Vitamin A fortification of wheat flour: considerations and current recommendationsRolf D W Klemm
Center for Human Nutrition, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N Wolfe St, W2505, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Food Nutr Bull 31:S47-61. 2010..Because vitamin A deficiency is largely due to chronic dietary insufficiency of preformed vitamin A and proactive carotenoids, food fortification can offer an effective approach to prevention... - Clinical pallor is useful to detect severe anemia in populations where anemia is prevalent and severeR J Stoltzfus
Department of International Health, The Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
J Nutr 129:1675-81. 1999..Usually, the majority of persons with severe anemia will be detected at practically no cost. Many people who are not severely anemic will also receive treatment, but the costs of this error are low compared to the benefits... - Comparison of visual estimates of children's portion sizes under both shared-plate and individual-plate conditionsA V Shankar
Division of Community Health and Health Systems, E8009, Department of International Health, School of Hygiene and Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 N. Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
J Am Diet Assoc 101:47-52. 2001.... - Prevalence of hearing loss and ear morbidity among adolescents and young adults in rural southern NepalJane Schmitz
Center for Human Nutrition, Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Int J Audiol 49:388-94. 2010..0) more likely to report problems in hearing usual sounds or communicating with other people. Among young adults living in southern Nepal, hearing loss is common, and associated with social disability... - Physiologic indicators of vitamin A statusNathan G Congdon
The Dana Center for Preventive Ophthalmology, The Johns Hopkins University Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
J Nutr 132:2889S-2894S. 2002..Given its low cost, noninvasive nature, and lack of the need to transport samples, pupillary dark adaptation offers advantages over other techniques for assessing a population's vitamin A status... - Nutrition and the eyeN G Congdon
Dana Center for Preventive Ophthalmology, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Curr Opin Ophthalmol 10:464-73. 1999.... - Risk of flood-related mortality in NepalElizabeth Kimbrough Pradhan
Center for Integrative Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
Disasters 31:57-70. 2007..0-6.8). Flood-related fatality was associated with low socio-economic status preflood (RR = 6.4, 95 per cent CI 2.7-20.0), and having a house constructed of thatch (RR = 5.1, 95 per cent CI 1.7-24.5)... - Validation of two portable instruments to measure iron concentration in groundwater in rural BangladeshRebecca D Merrill
Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
J Health Popul Nutr 27:414-8. 2009..Results of the study suggest that the HACH test-kit delivers more accurate point-of-use results across a wide range of iron concentrations under challenging field conditions... - Development and management of a geographic information system for health research in a developing-country setting: a case study from BangladeshJonathan D Sugimoto
Center for Human Nutrition, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
J Health Popul Nutr 25:436-47. 2007..These basic steps can produce a household-level, updated, scaleable GIS that can both enhance field efficiency and support epidemiologic analyses of demographic patterns, diseases, and health outcomes... - Retinol equivalency ratio of beta-caroteneRobert M Russell
J Nutr 133:2915-6; author reply 2917. 2003 - Antenatal micronutrient supplements in NepalParul Christian
Lancet 366:711-2. 2005 - Reducing maternal mortality where rates are greatestParul Christian
Lancet 368:2122-3. 2006 - Vitamin A programme in Assam probably caused hysteriaKeith P West
BMJ 324:791. 2002