Research Topics
| Alan R SchwartzSummaryAffiliation: Johns Hopkins University Country: USA Publications
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Detail Information
Publications
A nasal cannula can be used to treat obstructive sleep apneaBrian M McGinley
Johns Hopkins Sleep Disorders Center, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
Am J Respir Crit Care Med 176:194-200. 2007..Although continuous positive airway pressure efficaciously treats obstructive apneas and hypopneas, treatment is impeded by low adherence rates...- Acute upper airway responses to hypoglossal nerve stimulation during sleep in obstructive sleep apneaAlan R Schwartz
Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
Am J Respir Crit Care Med 185:420-6. 2012..Hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HGNS) recruits lingual muscles, reduces pharyngeal collapsibility, and treats sleep apnea... - Obesity and upper airway control during sleepAlan R Schwartz
Sleep Disorders Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
J Appl Physiol 108:430-5. 2010..Improvements in these neural responses with weight loss may be related to a decline in systemic and local pharyngeal concentrations of specific inflammatory mediators with somnogenic effects... - Obesity and obstructive sleep apnea: pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic approachesAlan R Schwartz
Johns Hopkins Sleep Disorders Center, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
Proc Am Thorac Soc 5:185-92. 2008..Examining responses to specific weight loss strategies will provide critical insight into mechanisms linking obesity and sleep apnea, and will help to elucidate the humoral and molecular predictors of weight loss responses... - Effects of leptin and obesity on the upper airway functionMikhael Polotsky
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
J Appl Physiol 112:1637-43. 2012..The findings suggest that weight and leptin deficiency produced defects in upper airway neuromechanical control and that leptin reversed defects in active neuromuscular responses acutely without reducing mechanical loads... - Effect of age and weight on upper airway function in a mouse modelMikhael Polotsky
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
J Appl Physiol 111:696-703. 2011..The susceptibility to upper airway obstruction increases with age and weight as tonic neuromuscular activity falls. IFL can elicit phasic responses in normal mice that mitigate or eliminate the obstruction altogether... - Contribution of male sex, age, and obesity to mechanical instability of the upper airway during sleepJason P Kirkness
Div of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
J Appl Physiol 104:1618-24. 2008..65-0.82) in predicting sleep apnea status. Upper airway mechanics are differentially controlled by sex, obesity, and age, and partly mediate the relationship between these sleep apnea risk factors and obstructive sleep apnea... - Upper airway neuromuscular compensation during sleep is defective in obstructive sleep apneaBrian M McGinley
Johns Hopkins Sleep Disorders Center, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
J Appl Physiol 105:197-205. 2008..Our findings suggest that neuromuscular responses protect individuals without sleep apnea from developing upper airway obstruction during sleep... 
Sleep apnea determines soluble TNF-α receptor 2 response to massive weight lossMaria Pallayova
Johns Hopkins Sleep Disorders Center, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
Obes Surg 21:1413-23. 2011..We sought to determine if any biomarkers can predict amelioration of sleep apnea achieved by bariatric surgery. We hypothesized that surgical WL would substantially reduce severity of sleep apnea and levels of proinflammatory cytokines...- Neuromechanical control of the isolated upper airway of miceAudrey Liu
Johns Hopkins Sleep Disorders Center, 5501 Hopkins Bayview Circle, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
J Appl Physiol 105:1237-45. 2008..Our findings in mice imply that anatomic and neuromuscular factors interact dynamically to modulate upper airway function, and provide a novel approach to modeling the impact of genetic and environmental factors in inbred murine strains... - Effect of end-expiratory lung volume on upper airway collapsibility in sleeping men and womenSamuel B Squier
Johns Hopkins Sleep Disorders Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
J Appl Physiol 109:977-85. 2010.... - Obstructive sleep apnea, insulin resistance, and steatohepatitis in severe obesityVsevolod Y Polotsky
Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center, 5501 Hopkins Bayview Circle, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
Am J Respir Crit Care Med 179:228-34. 2009..Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with insulin resistance and liver injury. It is unknown whether apnea contributes to insulin resistance and steatohepatitis in severe obesity... - Compensatory responses to upper airway obstruction in obese apneic men and womenChien Hung Chin
Johns Hopkins Sleep Disorders Center, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
J Appl Physiol 112:403-10. 2012.... 
Dynamic modulation of upper airway function during sleep: a novel single-breath methodJason P Kirkness
John Hopkins Sleep Disorders Center, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
J Appl Physiol 101:1489-94. 2006..These findings indicate that UA collapsibility varies dynamically throughout the respiratory cycle and that both local mechanical and neuromuscular factors may be responsible for this dynamic modulation of UA function during sleep...- Impact of interrupted leptin pathways on ventilatory controlVsevolod Y Polotsky
Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
J Appl Physiol 96:991-8. 2004..We conclude that interruption of leptin pathways does not affect hypoxic sensitivity during sleep and wakefulness but that melanocortin 4 blockade is associated with depressed hypercapnic sensitivity in non-rapid eye movement sleep... - Sleep apnea predicts distinct alterations in glucose homeostasis and biomarkers in obese adults with normal and impaired glucose metabolismMaria Pallayova
Johns Hopkins Sleep Disorders Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
Cardiovasc Diabetol 9:83. 2010..We hypothesized that OSA is associated with distinct alterations in glucose homeostasis and biomarker profiles in subjects with normal (NGM) and impaired glucose metabolism (IGM)... - Neuromechanical control of upper airway patency during sleepSusheel P Patil
Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
J Appl Physiol 102:547-56. 2007..The present study suggests that increased mechanical loads and blunted neuromuscular responses are both required for the development of obstructive sleep apnea... - Intermittent hypoxia causes REM sleep deficits and decreases EEG delta power in NREM sleep in the C57BL/6J mouseVsevolod Y Polotsky
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
Sleep Med 7:7-16. 2006..We hypothesized that both intermittent hypoxia (IH) and non-hypoxic arousals of OSA result in significant disruption of non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREMS) and rapid eye movement sleep (REMS)... - Intermittent hypoxia induces hyperlipidemia in lean miceJianguo Li
Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
Circ Res 97:698-706. 2005.... - Differences in sleep-induced hypoxia between A/J and DBA/2J mouse strainsArnon E Rubin
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
Am J Respir Crit Care Med 168:1520-7. 2003..Our data imply that individuals with low hypoxic sensitivity may be at a greater risk for hypoxia-related complications of obstructive sleep apnea... - Chronic intermittent hypoxia upregulates genes of lipid biosynthesis in obese miceJianguo Li
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
J Appl Physiol 99:1643-8. 2005..In conclusion, we have shown that CIH may exacerbate preexisting fatty liver of obesity via upregulation of the pathways of lipid biosynthesis in the liver... - Performance characteristics of upper airway critical collapsing pressure measurements during sleepJason P Kirkness
Johns Hopkins Sleep Disorders Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
Sleep 34:459-67. 2011..We examined the performance characteristics of the passive and active P(CRIT) by examining both within-night and between-night variability in the measurements... - Effect of a high-flow open nasal cannula system on obstructive sleep apnea in childrenBrian McGinley
Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Johns Hopkins Pediatric Sleep Disorders Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Pediatrics 124:179-88. 2009..We, therefore, sought to assess the effect of warm humidified air delivered through an open nasal cannula (treatment with nasal insufflation [TNI]) on obstructive sleep apnea in children with and without adenotonsillectomy... - A simplified method for measuring critical pressures during sleep in the clinical settingSusheel P Patil
Johns Hopkins Sleep Disorders Center, Asthma and Allergy Building, 5501 Hopkins Bayview Circle, Room 4B 50, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
Am J Respir Crit Care Med 170:86-93. 2004.... - Adult obstructive sleep apnea: pathophysiology and diagnosisSusheel P Patil
Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
Chest 132:325-37. 2007..Understanding nuances in the spectrum of presenting complaints and polysomnography correlates are important for diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Knowledge of common patterns of OSA may help to identify patients and guide therapy... - Chronic intermittent hypoxia induces lung growth in adult miceChristian Reinke
Department of Medicine, Div of Pulmonary Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 300:L266-73. 2011..We conclude that IH increases alveolar surface area by stimulating lung growth in adult mice... - Intermittent hypoxia increases insulin resistance in genetically obese miceVsevolod Y Polotsky
Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 5501 Hopkins Bayview Circle, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
J Physiol 552:253-64. 2003..001) and worsening glucose tolerance, consistent with an increase in insulin resistance. We conclude that the increase in insulin resistance in response to intermittent hypoxia is dependent on the disruption of leptin pathways... - A physiologic comparison of nasal and oral positive airway pressurePhilip L Smith
Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
Chest 123:689-94. 2003..It is currently unclear whether CPAP delivered orally is also capable of raising pressure in the oropharynx above the critical collapse pressure... - Approach for streamlining measurement of complex physiological phenotypes of upper airway collapsibilityTony Wei
Johns Hopkins Sleep Disorders Center, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, 5501 Hopkins Bayview Circle, MD 21224, USA Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
Comput Biol Med 43:600-6. 2013..We propose a GUI based PCRIT Analysis Software (PAS) to streamline PCRIT analysis and validate its reliability and accuracy compared to current analysis procedures... - Effects of sleep apnea on nocturnal free fatty acids in subjects with heart failureJonathan C Jun
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
Sleep 34:1207-13. 2011..The objective of this study was to determine the effect of intermittent hypoxia on FFA levels during sleep in patients with heart failure... - Modulation of upper airway collapsibility during sleep: influence of respiratory phase and flow regimenHartmut Schneider
Johns Hopkins Sleep Disorders Center, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
J Appl Physiol 93:1365-76. 2002.... - Anthropometry in the prediction of sleep disordered breathing in HIV-positive and HIV-negative menTodd T Brown
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
Antivir Ther 15:651-9. 2010.... - Dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia are attenuated by deficiency of stearoyl coenzyme A desaturaseVladimir Savransky
Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
Circ Res 103:1173-80. 2008..In conclusion, CIH is associated with dyslipidemia and overexpression of hepatic SCD in both humans and mice alike; SCD-1 deficiency attenuates CIH-induced dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis in mice... - Phenotypic differences in the hemodynamic response during REM sleep in six strains of inbred miceMatthew J Campen
Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
Physiol Genomics 11:227-34. 2002..8 +/- 2.0 mmHg; P < 0.0125) compared with the other five strains. We conclude that genetic background contributes to the magnitude, variability, and arterial baroreceptor buffering capacity of cardiovascular responses during REM sleep... - The association between daytime sleepiness and sleep-disordered breathing in NREM and REM sleepNaresh M Punjabi
Sleep 25:307-14. 2002.... - Sleep apnea in young abstinent recreational MDMA ("ecstasy") consumersUna D McCann
Department of Psychiatry, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
Neurology 73:2011-7. 2009..The present study sought to determine whether abstinent recreational MDMA users have an increased prevalence of OSA... - The effect of upper airway obstruction and arousal on peripheral arterial tonometry in obstructive sleep apneaCHRISTOPHER P O'DONNELL
Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Am J Respir Crit Care Med 166:965-71. 2002..000 +/- 0.007 to 0.923 +/- 0.007 arbitrary units). We conclude that airflow obstruction in patients with OSA causes an acute digital vasoconstriction that is accentuated in the presence of an EEG arousal... - Sleep-disordered breathing and insulin resistance in middle-aged and overweight menNaresh M Punjabi
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asthma and Allergy Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 5501 Hopkins Bayview Circle, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
Am J Respir Crit Care Med 165:677-82. 2002..Thus, sleep-disordered breathing is a prevalent condition in mildly obese men and is independently associated with glucose intolerance and insulin resistance... - Ventilating with tracheal gas insufflation and periodic tracheal occlusion during sleep and wakefulnessY Tagaito
Department of Anesthesiology, Chiba University School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
Chest 122:1742-50. 2002..Its streamlined interface could ultimately prove to be clinically significant, once technical concerns are addressed... - Extraluminal tissue pressure: what does it mean?Alan R Schwartz
J Appl Physiol 100:5-6. 2006 - Upper airway response to electrical stimulation of the genioglossus in obstructive sleep apneaArie Oliven
Department of Medicine B, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Technion, Haifa 31048, Israel
J Appl Physiol 95:2023-9. 2003..Our findings imply that responses in apnea severity to HG-ES can be predicted by characterizing the patient's baseline pressure-flow relationships and response to GG-ES... - Upper airway collapsibility in anesthetized childrenRonald S Litman
Department of Anesthesiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
Anesth Analg 102:750-4. 2006..3) cm H2O (sevoflurane versus halothane, P = 0.048). We conclude that when using dynamic application of negative airway pressure, halothane appears to cause less upper airway obstruction than sevoflurane at equipotent concentrations... - Effect of coactivation of tongue protrusor and retractor muscles on pharyngeal lumen and airflow in sleep apnea patientsArie Oliven
Dept of Internal Medicine, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Technion, 47 Golomb St, Haifa, Israel
J Appl Physiol 103:1662-8. 2007..Stimulation of deeper GG fibers with intramuscular electrodes enlarged the pharynx, and coactivation had no additive effect... - Use of dynamic negative airway pressure (DNAP) to assess sedative-induced upper airway obstructionRonald S Litman
Department of Anesthesiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
Anesthesiology 96:342-5. 2002..The primary objective of this study was to develop a method, using dynamic negative airway pressure (DNAP), for replicating UAO during deep sedation... - Upper airway surface tension: is it a significant cause of airflow obstruction during sleep?Alan R Schwartz
J Appl Physiol 95:1759-60. 2003 - Tongue neuromuscular and direct hypoglossal nerve stimulation for obstructive sleep apneaDavid W Eisele
Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, 400 Parnassus Avenue, Suite A 730, San Francisco, CA 94143 0342, USA
Otolaryngol Clin North Am 36:501-10. 2003..Further studies and stimulation-system refinements are presently underway, with hopes of establishing upper airway stimulation as a therapeutic option for this challenging disorder...