Mariana Castanheira

..The occurrence of KPC-producing and CTX-M-producing isolates has rapidly increased especially in U.S. hospitals, and expanded therapeutic options are needed to treat infections caused by these emerging organisms...

..Given the limited treatment choices available, doripenem appears to offer potency and an enhanced spectrum of activity usable against these troublesome pathogens, particularly against P. aeruginosa...

..To determine fusidic acid resistance rates (MICs of > or = 2 mg/L) and the prevalence of fusidic acid resistance mechanisms among Staphylococcus spp. collected from European countries (2008)...

..terreus SC (MEC, 0.015 μg/ml). In conclusion, E1210 was a very potent and broad-spectrum antifungal agent regardless of in vitro method applied, with excellent activity against AMB-R and itraconazole-R strains of Aspergillus spp...

..Concern regarding C. glabrata must now include resistance to echinocandins as well as azole antifungal agents...

..and Scedosporium spp. Furthermore, in vitro susceptibility testing of E1210 against isolates of Fusarium and Scedosporium may be accomplished using either of the CLSI or EUCAST BMD methods, each producing very similar results...

..Although resistance to the azoles and echinocandins remains uncommon among CO isolates, we demonstrate the emergence of nosocomial occurrences of C. glabrata expressing resistance to both monitored classes of antifungal agents...

..S. hospitals participating in the MYSTIC Program in 2007...

..isolates recovered from medical centres in the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region...

..All patients had received previous antimicrobial treatment, including carbapenems. These strains harbored bla(KPC-2) and bla(KPC-3). Carbapenemase genes were embedded in isoforms of Tn4401 and were plasmidic and chromosomal in location...

..In this study, single-step mutation frequencies, passaging and the activity of TR-700 were tested against a worldwide collection of linezolid-non-susceptible organisms and matched controls...

..5 microg/ml were further analyzed for potential fks hot spot (HS) mutations; three isolates had confirmed mutations in the fks1 HS1 region (S645P), and three exhibited mutations in the fks2 HS1 region (S645F and S645P)...

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..03 microg/ml), azithromycin and clarithromycin (MIC(90), 0.12 microg/ml), and erythromycin (MIC(90), 0.25 microg/ml). CEM-101 could provide a potent alternative for the prophylaxis of meningococcal disease...

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..2]), and VRC (0.25 [98.2]). In the absence of species-specific CBP values, these WT MIC distributions and ECVs will be useful for monitoring the emergence of reduced susceptibility to the triazole and echinocandin antifungals...

..faecalis (0.25 μg/mL). In summary, solithromycin demonstrated high potency against many Staphylococcus and Enterococcus spp. isolated from contemporary infections worldwide...

..5%), and C. albicans isolates were more common in APAC (56.9%), with C. parapsilosis (25.6%) and C. tropicalis (17.0%) being more prominent in LAM. Emerging resistance patterns among C. glabrata cases in NAM require focused surveillance...

..In summary, this study shows that acquired genes are highly prevalent among FA-resistant strains (>90%) in three nations with distinct or absence (United States) of fusidic acid clinical use...

..In this study, we show that VIM-producing Pseudomonas spp. were highly prevalent in India with a great diversity of bla(VIM) types and MbetaL-carrying integrons...

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..1%. Ceftaroline surveillance in the United States during 2008-2010 documented sustained potency and spectrum against multidrug-resistant S. aureus and multidrug-resistant S. pneumoniae known to cause ABSSSI and CABP...

..008-0.06 μg/mL), and was the most potent agent tested against caspofungin-resistant strains of C. albicans (MIC range, 0.008-0.12 μg/mL), C. glabrata (MIC range, 0.03-0.06 μg/mL), and C. tropicalis (MIC range, 0.015-0.06 μg/mL)...

..Fusidic acid is a promising oral therapy for staphylococcal skin and skin structure infections in the United States, where the contemporary S. aureus population remains without significant resistance...

..fumigatus. Overall, echinocandin and triazole resistance rates were minimal; however, the distinct increase in echinocandin resistance observed among C. glabrata strains warrants further surveillance associated with molecular support...

..The global emergence of high-level aminoglycoside resistance has become a rapidly changing event requiring careful monitoring...

..Cg BSI isolates may show lower susceptibility rates to both azoles and echinocandins with the highest rates of resistance detected in 20- to 59-year-old patients...

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..The emergence and dissemination of mobile MbetaL-producing isolates represent an alarming factor for increasing resistance to carbapenems in several medical centres evaluated by the SENTRY Program in Latin America...

..To compare European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) and CLSI broth microdilution (BMD) methods for testing the novel antifungal E1210 against a recent collection of 102 clinical isolates of Candida spp...

..We describe the first detection of cfr-mediated linezolid resistance in Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis recovered from human infection cases monitored during the 2007 LEADER Program...

..Multiple pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns and clonal dissemination within and among sites were observed. Isolates producing NDM-1 were disseminated in Indian health care facilities as early as 2006...

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..Overall moxifloxacin and levofloxacin resistance rates were 31.5% and 46.9%, respectively. These favorable results support the continued clinical development of JNJ-Q2 to treat ABSSSI...

..Resistance to other compounds, such as vancomycin, oxacillin, and penicillin, did not adversely influence daptomycin activity. Daptomycin remains highly active against clinical Gram-positive isolates collected in North America...

..7% +/- one log2 dilution. The diagnostic susceptibility testing reagents (including Etest) for fusidic acid (CEM-102) performed at an excellent level of intermethod agreement for the proposed breakpoint criteria...

..aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis strains from Arizona and Ohio. The LEADER Program appears to be an effective and sensitive surveillance tool to detect novel resistance phenotypes and genotypes...

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..famata in fungal infections is much lower than previously appreciated and that commercial systems do not produce accurate identifications except for the newly introduced MALDI-TOF instruments...

..Molecular confirmation of fungal identification is essential in epidemiological surveys such as SENTRY...

..Alterations in expression of mtrCED pump appear to have minimal influence on ciprofloxacin resistance, and this finding was supported by low rifampin susceptible-level results (MIC, ≤0.008 to 0.03 μg/mL)...

..Furthermore, results from this large, geographically diverse Candida spp. collection demonstrated that fks1 HS1 mutations remain uncommon among isolates with various echinocandin MIC levels...