H S Hurd

..The analysis shows that resulting reduction in the number of shedding animals and the reduced concentration of E. coli on carcasses can combine to reduce human illnesses and cost to beef packers...

....

..Carcass decontamination was shown as the most effective means of reducing human risk, reducing PAHC to about 10% of the simulated 2004 level...

..This study measured the relationship between lesions suggestive of subclinical pig illness at harvest to carcass contamination and human foodborne risk...

..From this and other studies, it appears that elimination of the holding process is not feasible S. enterica control option, given current U.S. harvesting systems...

..8 billion (one case every 13 years) for Campylobacter...

..Risks from C. jejuni in poultry or beef are even less. Reduced antibiotic use can adversely impact animal health. These low human risks should be weighed against the alternative risks...

..The challenge is to adopt and apply this systems framework to veterinary medicine and food production. The result will be a rigorous new approach to solving the complex food and health problems of the 21st century...

..Results of this study suggest that holding pens contribute to increased S. enterica carriage in cull sows. Abattoir holding pens might be an important control point for S. enterica in the ground pork production chain...

..The results of this study demonstrate that transport and holding practices may contribute to an increase in S. enterica infection prior to slaughter to levels much higher than those found on the farm...

..This study suggests that pigs became internally contaminated with Salmonella after leaving the farm, possibly while in the abattoir holding pens, and that 18 h lairage, in clean facilities, does not increase shedding...

..Transport and lairage practices may contribute to an increased S. enterica contamination immediately prior to slaughter...

..enterica prevalence. For most herds, serology overestimated the on-farm culture prevalence...

..They also demonstrate the high risk of holding pigs longer than six hours. Intervention at this step in the swine production process may have a significant impact on the safety of pork products...

..However, this variation suggests that numeroussamples are required to adequately describe the concentration of Salmonella in a lairage pen...

..Intervention at this step of the production process may have a major impact on the safety of pork products...

..2%; 2 positive of 165 samples). In trial 2, L. monocytogenes was only detected in a single chopped meat block sample (0.15%; 1 positive of 688 total samples). These data indicate the low prevalence of L. monocytogenes in the cull sow...

..This study identifies the abattoir holding pens as a significant hazard and a potential control point for Salmonella contamination in the preharvest pork production chain...

..enterica prevalence in swine. This finding identifies the holding pen as an important S. enterica control point in the pork production chain...

..recovered from the crops of birds at the abattoir (24%) was significant (P < 0.05), which may be associated with a detectable decline in lactic acid in the emptied crop...

..Processes that generate significant dust prior to slaughter should be regarded as critical control points for Salmonella...

..The results suggest that pork products harbor more ail-bearing Y. enterocolitica than selected organs of freshly slaughtered hogs and that the TaqMan assay is more sensitive than either the multiplex PCR or traditional culture methods...

..01). This suggests that transport to and holding at the abattoir do not increase the prevalence of Salmonella in turkeys. This observation contrasts with the increase in Salmonella prevalence reported for hogs and some broilers...

..enterica in lairage pens, but the ability of cleaned and disinfected pens to reduce the prevalence of S. enterica in market-weight pigs remains inconclusive...

..These results provide a method by which multiresistant S. typhimurium DT104, or potentially the next emerging multiresistant Salmonella, can be accurately detected in only 3-4 h...

....

..Depending on the objective(s) of investigations on the ecology and epidemiology of S. enterica in swine populations, a method or a combination of methods should be considered for more reliable results...

..isolates recovered from flock 5 indicated that C. coli was more diverse than C. jejuni at both time 1 and time 2 (P < 0.01), based on a comparison of the Shannon indices of diversity and evenness...

..faecium-derived risk...

..05) improved the detection of L. monocytogenes (50.2%) but not that of other Listeria species (1.7%). L. monocytogenes isolates (n = 243) were assigned to serotype 1 (53.5%), serotype 4 (25%), and serotypes other than 1 and 4 (21.4%)...