R Lindsay

..To determine the influence of menstrual irregularity, oral contraceptive use and other factors on bone mineral density (BMD) and bone size at different skeletal sites in 135 college-aged fit women...

..This lower-dose therapy's protection against loss of bone mineral density (BMD) associated with menopause has not been thoroughly investigated...

..In summary, continued bone loss among early postmenopausal women treated with lower doses of CE or CE/MPA is uncommon...

..Enhanced bone formation was associated with an increase in osteoblast apoptosis...

..Teriparatide (recombinant human parathyroid hormone [1-34]) reduces fracture risk in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. We assessed the safety and incidence of new vertebral fractures after withdrawal of teriparatide...

..We show that 1 month of hPTH(1-34) treatment extends the bone-forming surface, increases mineral apposition rate, and initiates modeling-based formation...

..To determine the longitudinal progression of fractures through a population of osteoporotic women with no existing vertebral fractures...

..The other outcomes in WHI make it important to define appropriate clinical guidelines for use of hormone therapy for prevention of fractures in postmenopausal women...

..To evaluate the efficacy of the tissue-selective estrogen complex, bazedoxifene/conjugated estrogens (BZA/CE), for postmenopausal osteoporosis prevention...

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..Vertebral fractures significantly increase lifetime risk of future fractures, but risk of further vertebral fractures in the period immediately following a vertebral fracture has not been evaluated...

..Furthermore, PTH in combination with hormone therapy is an effective means of increasing bone mass throughout the skeleton and specifically reducing vertebral fracture occurrence by 75-100%, compared with HRT alone...

..We conclude that continuous administration of PTH and estrogen increases cortical porosity but has substantial beneficial effects on vertebral cancellous bone volume and cortical width in OVX rats...

..The results provide a structural basis for the recent demonstration that PTH treatment reduces the incidence of osteoporosis-related fractures...

..Short-term infusion of hPTH1-34 appears to be a good model to study the mechanisms underlying the catabolic action of PTH in mice...

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..In conclusion, PTH exerts an anabolic action at the tissue and cellular levels in intact mice and the magnitude and temporal pattern of this anabolic action, as assessed by densitometry and histomorphometry, are skeletal site specific...

..6%, hip BMD increased 1.2-3.6% and radius BMD declined 4.3%. During the follow-up year, on continued raloxifene, BMD declined slightly at all sites except the femoral neck...

..2%/y with calcitonin alone. These results suggest that a high calcium intake potentiates the positive effect of estrogen on bone mass at all skeletal sites and perhaps that of calcitonin on bone mass of the spine...

..The objectives of this investigation were to compare the effects of these three treatments on hemostasis in a head to head randomized placebo-controlled trial...

..In postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, increased duration of teriparatide versus placebo treatment was associated with a progressive decrease in the rates of nonvertebral fragility fractures and back pain...

..The data further support the hypothesis that in PHPT cancellous bone architecture is maintained...

..We will describe, in practical terms, how bone markers can be appropriately incorporated into clinical practice today...

..The study supports further exploration of cyclic PTH regimens for the treatment of osteoporosis...

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..Retreatment with teriparatide may be a viable option for some patients with severe osteoporosis who have received prior teriparatide therapy...

..A cyclic PTH regimen was as effective as a daily regimen in improving cancellous and cortical bone microarchitecture and cellular activity in the murine vertebra...

..This suggests a dual regulatory mechanism, whereby PTH acts both directly on osteoclasts and also, indirectly, via osteoblasts...

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..We conclude that in vivo DXA BMD measurements in mice are very reliable with high precision and acceptable accuracy, and therefore useful for longitudinal studies of the mouse skeleton...

..Our results also support an interaction between PTH anabolic action and mechanical loading...

..These results suggest that therapies with proven, rapid efficacy may offer important economic value to healthcare payers, providers and patients...

..To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of osteoporosis treatments for women at high fracture risk and estimate the population-level impact of providing bisphosphonate therapy to all eligible high-risk US women...

..Vitamin D supplementation does not appear to influence bone loss in black women. However, in the FF polymorphism of the VDR gene group, vitamin D supplementation may retard the higher rate of bone loss...

..This review will deal primarily with the decision to introduce estrogen treatment, and the efficacy of estrogens,as well as alternative forms of prevention...

..Benefits of vitamin D supplements in blacks may still play a role, however, in the prevention of other chronic diseases...

..Despite comparable body size, males have greater BMC and BMD at the hip and distal tibia and greater tibial cortical thickness. This may confer greater skeletal integrity in males...

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..The results of this extensive evaluation indicate that daily treatment with 5 mg of risedronate sodium is not associated with an increased frequency of adverse GI tract effects, even among patients at high risk for these events...

..The objective of the study was to determine the effects of several doses of conjugated estrogens (CE) and CE plus medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) on body composition (BC)...

..The findings confirm the observations that PTH stimulates skeletal remodeling, resulting in an increased percentage of newly formed bone matrix of lower mineral density...

..Here we attempt to assemble the knowledge that we currently have about the mechanisms involved in fracture events...

..CONCLUSIONS: While the study design is observational, the results support a sustained effect of teriparatide in reducing the risk of nonvertebral fragility fractures up to 30 months after discontinuation of treatment...

..Although patients showing an increase in BMD had a lower fracture risk than patients showing a decrease in BMD, greater increases in BMD did not necessarily predict greater decreases in fracture risk...

..Dose-related incidences of transient hypercalcemia occurred, but only one patient (100-microg group) was withdrawn because of repeated hypercalcemia. Thus, full-length PTH was efficacious and safe over 12 months...

..Recombinant human parathyroid hormone (1-84) (PTH) increases bone mass and strength and improves bone quality by stimulating new bone formation...

..v. infusion of ZOL 5 mg reduced urine NTX levels more rapidly than weekly oral ALN 70 mg. The majority of study patients preferred an i.v. treatment regimen of ZOL 5 mg over weekly osteoporosis therapy with ALN 70 mg...

..The purpose of this study was to assess the urogenital effects of raloxifene, tamoxifen, conjugated equine estrogen, and placebo in healthy postmenopausal women...

..To compare risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in people with a lower-extremity amputation (LEA) attributable to diabetes and people without an LEA...

..The use of appropriate historical control data provides an approach to the assessment of fracture effects in osteoporosis trials for which placebo-controlled data are not available...

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..We believe that the periods where no TPTD is given in the cyclic regimen will allow for ongoing recovery of the supply of osteoblasts and will ultimately results in greater gains in bone mass and strength. ..