Dimitrios Trichopoulos

..It has been hypothesized that this may be due, in part, to the parallel rising prevalence of obesity. It is biologically plausible that anthropometric characteristics can infuence the risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and multiple myeloma...

..Here, we report on the results of a large and comprehensive study of the association between genetic variation in the AR gene and risk of breast cancer in the National Cancer Institute Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium (BPC3)...

..We studied the association between breast cancer risk and polymorphisms in genes that code for GNRH1 and its receptor (GNRHR) in the large National Cancer Institute Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium (NCI-BPC3)...

..He made major scientific contributions, received several distinguished prizes and awards, and continued to publish insightful papers until the very end. Brian MacMahon was the first editor-in-chief of Cancer Causes and Control...

..To investigate the relative importance of the individual components of the Mediterranean diet in generating the inverse association of increased adherence to this diet and overall mortality...

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..This perspective accommodates much of what is known about the epidemiology and natural history of breast cancer and highlights the role of early life in the origin of this cancer...

..A simple integrated etiological model for breast cancer is presented and it is indicated that the model accommodates most epidemiological aspects of breast cancer occurrence and natural history...

..Design: Routinely recorded adjusted overall mortality and food availability data in Mediterranean and non-Mediterranean EU countries. A Mediterranean diet score designed a priori was used as instrument...

..To date, no attempt has been made to systematically determine the apportionment of the hepatocellular carcinoma burden in Europe or North America among established risk factors...

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..This advice does not contradict current dietary advice on prudent diet during pregnancy and throughout life...

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..Adherence to a Mediterranean diet has been reported to increase longevity, but concerns have been expressed that such a diet may promote overweight and obesity...

..To investigate the association of a posteriori dietary patterns with overall survival of older Europeans...

..We hypothesized: 1) A(1) allele would confer greater risk than A(2) allele, 2) protective effect of the O allele would be equivalent for O01 and O02 variants, 3) secretor phenotype would modify the association with risk...

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..A long-standing hypothesis has been that inherited variation in the androgen receptor (AR) gene plays a role in prostate cancer initiation. However, studies to date have been inconclusive and often suffered from small sample sizes...

..Olive oil intake, per se, is inversely associated with both systolic and diastolic blood pressure...

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..Given the high frequency of occurrence of the examined conditions in the male population and our limited knowledge about other modifiable risk factors, preventive measures may have to focus on increasing physical activity...

..39 to -0.05). In normal pregnancies, maternal alpha-fetoprotein is inversely related to prepregnancy body mass index and appears to have a physiologic role on duration of gestation rather than on birth weight...

..To assess serum adiponectin levels of neonates in relation to ponderal index and birth length with and without adjustment for potential confounding factors including maternal factors and perinatal characteristics...

..Future studies are needed to prove causality and provide further insights into both the mechanisms underlying the actions of this hormone and its potential role in breast cancer...

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..These results indicate that adult breast density, a powerful predictor of breast cancer risk, has intrauterine roots, as reflected in birth size...

..In this study, we evaluated the discriminative and predictive ability for prostate cancer risk models incorporating 25 common prostate cancer genetic markers, family history of prostate cancer, and age...

..In this study, we attempt to replicate these five loci in a series of nested prostate cancer case-control studies of European ancestry...

..Our study contributes to the identification of groups of elderly who are likely to have different prospects for long-term disease occurrence and survival...

..The findings of the present study in a northern European population of young women indicate that closer adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern reduces mortality even among young persons...

..To explore whether leptin levels are regulated by breastfeeding vs. formula feeding...

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..The MD, as an integral entity, is inversely associated with CHD incidence and, particularly, mortality...

..Pregnancy influences subsequent maternal ovarian cancer risk. To date, there is limited evidence whether two characteristics of pregnancy, gestational age and birth weight, could modify risk...

..Using a genetic predisposition score (GPS), additively integrating the associations of 11 polymorphisms with coronary heart disease (CHD), we examined the consequences of the joint presence of a high GPS and nongenetic CHD risk factors...

..A corollary is that studies of mammotropic hormones in relation to breast cancer risk may also need to focus on the lower end of the distributions of these growth-enhancing hormones...

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..Heritable factors explain up to 60% of the variation in IGF-I and IGFBP-3 in studies of adult twins...

..26, respectively). CONCLUSION: We found evidence that both exogenous and endogenous factors may play a role in the etiology of the so-called "de novo" myelodysplastic syndromes, but these findings need further confirmation...

..These data suggest that inherited variants in ESR2 (while possibly conferring a small increased risk of breast cancer) are not associated with appreciable (OR > 1.2) changes in breast cancer risk among Caucasian women...

..We have undertaken an analysis based on a sizable cohort with a high frequency of napping and information on potentially confounding variables including reported comorbidity, physical activity, and diet...

..Associations are more evident with respect to SBP than DBP...

..Results indicate that early retirement may be a risk factor for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in apparently healthy persons...

..Adherence to the traditional Mediterranean diet is associated with reduced risk of UADT cancers, and may explain the lower incidence of UADT cancers in Greece, in spite of the smoking and drinking habits of this population...

..CONCLUSIONS: Because E3 is a dominant estrogen during pregnancy, the positive association of it with birth weight allows the use of the latter as a proxy of in utero exposure to estrogens in breast cancer investigations...

..47). Our results confirm a moderate sized association between a family history of pancreatic cancer and risk of pancreatic cancer and also provide evidence for an association with a family history of prostate cancer worth further study...

..Our findings indicate that progesterone may have a role in the late manifestation of pre-eclampsia pathology but are also compatible with the hypothesis that increases in progesterone represent an early compensatory mechanism...

..We conclude that flavones may be inversely associated with HCC risk, irrespective of its dominant etiology (viral or non viral)...

..CONCLUSIONS: Pregravid oral contraceptive use is positively associated with fetal growth, and this effect may be mediated through oestriol and progesterone...

..We investigated whether dietary intakes are associated with the expression of ER-alpha and PR receptors in the apparently normal, as opposed to pathological, mammary tissue...

..To investigate the association of residence in mountainous or lowland areas with total and coronary mortality, in a cohort with 15 years of follow up...

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..Our purpose is to estimate the incidence of identifiable unintentional childhood injuries of any type and severity, and to document risk factors of non-transient nature...

..The Mediterranean diet has been hypothesized to reduce fatality among patients with coronary heart disease...

..We investigated separately the absolute dense area and the absolute nondense area on mammograms in relation to breast cancer risk...

..No study, however, has evaluated the association of the traditional Mediterranean diet with breast cancer in a Mediterranean country...

..We have undertaken a case-control study among Greek women to explore the relation of major components of the IGF system (IGF-I, IGF-II and IGF-binding protein 3, IGFBP-3) with endometrial cancer risk...

..To examine whether adherence to the modified Mediterranean diet, in which unsaturates were substituted for monounsaturates, is associated with longer life expectancy among elderly Europeans...

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..The results of this exploratory analysis need to be confirmed before pathophysiologic interpretations and generalizations are attempted...

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..Because leptin is a hormone associated with obesity and reproduction, we attempted to examine whether there is a relationship between leptin and endometrial cancer...

..Adherence to a Mediterranean diet may improve longevity, but relevant data are limited...

..Stratifying by BMI at age 18 at a cutoff point of 21 kg/m2 gave similar results. Larger bra cup size at a young age is associated with a higher incidence of premenopausal breast cancer, though this association is limited to leaner women...

..CONCLUSIONS: Our results confirm the important role of inflammation in human cancer and suggest that plasma CRP level is a potential marker of increased cancer risk...

..The finding is accentuated by the fact that women with benign breast diseases are already at a relatively high risk for breast cancer...

..These findings provide an insight into the processes involved in perinatal growth...

..Injuries represent an important public health problem but their incidence is difficult to estimate...

..It is noted that, notwithstanding the substantial gaps in our scientific knowledge, preventive nutritional approaches can be envisaged and they are likely to be moderately successful...

..The authors undertook an epidemiologic study of oral carcinoma occurring in Greece, where tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption are common but the incidence of the disease is among the lowest reported in Europe...

..There is, however, limited information concerning the role of lifestyle variables, including diet, on blood DHEA levels. We have undertaken a study of DHEA determinants in a general population sample of adult Greeks...

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..We found no evidence that estriol, progesterone, or sex hormone-binding globulin is associated with this condition...

..Future studies are needed to prove causality and provide insight on both the mechanism of action of this hormone and its potential role in endometrial cancer...

..The review concludes with estimates of mortality from cancer around the world that can be attributed to specific factors under the light of the current scientific knowledge...

..These preliminary findings can be used as hypothesis-generating indications that should be confirmed in larger data sets...

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..Because pregnancy hormones are primarily produced by the placenta, placental weight may be an indirect marker of hormone exposure during pregnancy...

..Among premenopausal women, weight and BMI showed nonsignificant inverse associations with breast cancer...

..Future analysis should involve viral biomarkers and genetic susceptibility markers to elucidate potential mechanisms of smoking-induced carcinogenesis, particularly for Hodgkin's lymphoma...

..The relative risk reductions are most apparent for household activities...

..Abdominal pressure is further accentuated mainly in men by the shift in Western male dressing towards the general use of belts...

..The positive association related to birth length suggests that factors that stimulate intrauterine longitudinal growth are particularly important...

..The results of our pooled and meta-analyses suggest that bulky DNA adducts are associated with lung cancer arising in current smokers after a follow-up of several years...

..In summary, the impact of genetic variation in IGF1 and IGFBP3 on circulating IGF levels does not appear to substantially influence breast cancer risk substantially among primarily Caucasian postmenopausal women...

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..To examine the association between anthropometry and endometrial cancer, particularly by menopausal status and exogenous hormone use subgroups...

..Thus, although genetic variation in CYP19A1 produces measurable differences in estrogen levels among postmenopausal women, the magnitude of the change was insufficient to contribute detectably to breast cancer...

..Using data from 274,688 women participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study (EPIC), we investigated the relation between alcohol intake and the risk of breast cancer...

..This study provides additional evidence for a protective effect of physical activity on breast cancer risk...

..In addition to an overall inverse association with fruit intake, the results of this evaluation add evidence for a significant inverse association of vegetable consumption and lung cancer incidence in smokers...

..The association between consumption of fruit and vegetables and risk of ovarian cancer is still unclear from a prospective point of view...

..Previous studies suggest that high plasma concentrations of carotenoids, retinol, or tocopherols may reduce the risk of prostate cancer...

..We aimed to quantify the effect of physical activity on overall mortality in younger women and to assess the effect of past versus current activity...

..This association was limited to distal GC, while serologically defined SCAG was strongly associated with cardia GC, thus suggesting a divergent risk pattern for these 2 sites...

..Women with breast cancer are at high risk of bilateral breast cancer. We aimed to assess the incidence of bilateral breast cancer in relation to age and time since diagnosis of first cancer...

..These results support the hypothesis that hypertension, rather than its medications, increases the risk of RCC in both sexes, while effective blood pressure control may lower the risk...