Research Topics
| Mohammed R MiladSummaryAffiliation: Harvard University Country: USA Publications
Research Grants
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Detail Information
Publications
Orbitofrontal thickness, retention of fear extinction, and extraversionScott L Rauch
Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA
Neuroreport 16:1909-12. 2005..Path analysis indicates that extinction retention mediates the relationship between the medial orbitofrontal cortex thickness and extraversion, thereby illustrating one path through which brain structure influences personality...- Recall of fear extinction in humans activates the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in concertMohammed R Milad
Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA
Biol Psychiatry 62:446-54. 2007..The aim of the present study is to investigate the mediating anatomy of extinction recall in healthy humans... - Neurons in medial prefrontal cortex signal memory for fear extinctionMohammed R Milad
Department of Physiology, Ponce School of Medicine, Ponce, Puerto Rico 00732, USA
Nature 420:70-4. 2002..We suggest that consolidation of extinction learning potentiates infralimbic activity, which inhibits fear during subsequent encounters with fear stimuli... - Effects of beta blockade, PTSD diagnosis, and explicit threat on the extinction and retention of an aversively conditioned responseScott P Orr
Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Research Service 151, 718 Smyth Road, Manchester, NH 03104, United States
Biol Psychol 73:262-71. 2006..This suggests that belief in the presence of a threat is necessary and sufficient for activating a previously established CR... - A role for the human dorsal anterior cingulate cortex in fear expressionMohammed R Milad
Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, USA
Biol Psychiatry 62:1191-4. 2007..This study examined the role of dACC during fear conditioning in healthy humans with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)... 
Sex differences, gonadal hormones and the fear extinction network: implications for anxiety disordersKelimer Lebron-Milad
Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
Biol Mood Anxiety Disord 2:3. 2012..We end with a discussion of how knowledge to be gained from developing this line of research may have significant ramifications towards the etiology, epidemiology and treatment of anxiety disorders...
Obsessive-compulsive disorder: beyond segregated cortico-striatal pathwaysMohammed R Milad
Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
Trends Cogn Sci 16:43-51. 2012....- The influence of gonadal hormones on conditioned fear extinction in healthy humansM R Milad
Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
Neuroscience 168:652-8. 2010..Lower estradiol may impair extinction consolidation in women. These findings could have practical applications in the treatment of anxiety disorders through cognitive and behavioral therapies... - Estrous cycle phase and gonadal hormones influence conditioned fear extinctionM R Milad
Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
Neuroscience 164:887-95. 2009..Moreover, the elevated fear observed in female relative to male rats during extinction recall suggests that gonadal hormones may in part play a role in the higher prevalence of anxiety disorders in women... - Neurobiological basis of failure to recall extinction memory in posttraumatic stress disorderMohammed R Milad
Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, USA
Biol Psychiatry 66:1075-82. 2009..amygdala, hippocampus, ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC)... - Presence and acquired origin of reduced recall for fear extinction in PTSD: results of a twin studyMohammed R Milad
Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, United States
J Psychiatr Res 42:515-20. 2008..Furthermore, they support the conclusion that this deficit is acquired as a result of combat trauma leading to PTSD, rather than being a predisposing factor to developing PTSD upon the stress of combat... - The role of the orbitofrontal cortex in anxiety disordersMohammed R Milad
Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
Ann N Y Acad Sci 1121:546-61. 2007..We will also review the role of the OFC in fear extinction and the implications of this role to the pathophysiology of anxiety disorders... - Failure of neural responses to safety cues in schizophreniaDaphne J Holt
Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th St, Rm 2608, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
Arch Gen Psychiatry 69:893-903. 2012..In future studies, abnormalities in fear learning and extinction recall may serve as quantitative phenotypes that can be linked to genetic, symptom, or outcome profiles in schizophrenia and those at risk for the disorder... - Estradiol modulates medial prefrontal cortex and amygdala activity during fear extinction in women and female ratsMohamed A Zeidan
Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
Biol Psychiatry 70:920-7. 2011..Fear extinction requires the activation of brain regions, including the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and amygdala. Could estradiol modulate the activity of these brain regions during fear extinction?.. - Altered processing of contextual information during fear extinction in PTSD: an fMRI studyAnsgar Rougemont-Bücking
Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
CNS Neurosci Ther 17:227-36. 2011..This impairment is manifest even prior to a physiologically-measured, cue-elicited fear response, and characterized by hypoactivation in vmPFC and hyperactivation in dACC... - Resting amygdala and medial prefrontal metabolism predicts functional activation of the fear extinction circuitClas Linnman
Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
Am J Psychiatry 169:415-23. 2012..This study investigated whether functional variance in this network can be predicted by resting metabolism in these same regions... - Fear extinction in rats: implications for human brain imaging and anxiety disordersMohammed R Milad
Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Bldg 149 13th St, Charlestown, 02129, USA
Biol Psychol 73:61-71. 2006.... - Resting cerebral metabolism correlates with skin conductance and functional brain activation during fear conditioningClas Linnman
Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
Biol Psychol 89:450-9. 2012..We conclude that resting metabolism in limbic areas can predict some aspects of psychophysiological and neuronal reactivity during fear learning... - Thickness of ventromedial prefrontal cortex in humans is correlated with extinction memoryMohammed R Milad
Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102:10706-11. 2005..e., greater extinction memory). These results suggest that the size of the vmPFC might explain individual differences in the ability to modulate fear among humans... - Fear conditioning and extinction: influence of sex and menstrual cycle in healthy humansMohammed R Milad
Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Behav Neurosci 120:1196-203. 2006..On Day 2, men and early cycle women expressed greater extinction memory than midcycle women. These data confirm sex differences in conditioned fear acquisition and suggest that midcycle hormones attenuate extinction recall... - Test-retest reliability during fear acquisition and fear extinction in humansMohamed A Zeidan
Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
CNS Neurosci Ther 18:313-7. 2012..We, therefore, sought to test the within-subject reliability of a previously used 2-day, classical fear conditioning and extinction paradigm... - Extinction memory is impaired in schizophreniaDaphne J Holt
Psychiatric Neuroimaging Research Program, Psychiatry Department, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, USA
Biol Psychiatry 65:455-63. 2009..To investigate this possibility, we measured the acquisition and extinction of conditioned fear responses and delayed recall of extinction in schizophrenia and control subjects... - Sleep promotes generalization of extinction of conditioned fearEdward F Pace-Schott
Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Center for Sleep and Cognition, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston, MA 02215, USA
Sleep 32:19-26. 2009..To examine the effects of sleep on fear conditioning, extinction, extinction recall, and generalization of extinction recall in healthy humans... - Biological studies of post-traumatic stress disorderRoger K Pitman
1 Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA 2 Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
Nat Rev Neurosci 13:769-87. 2012.... - Hemispheric differences in amygdala contributions to response monitoringFrida E Polli
Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Neuroreport 20:398-402. 2009.... - Context modulation of memory for fear extinction in humansMohammed R Milad
Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA
Psychophysiology 42:456-64. 2005..This finding demonstrates context dependency of extinction recall in humans... - Cannabinoid facilitation of fear extinction memory recall in humansChristine A Rabinak
Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
Neuropharmacology 64:396-402. 2013..This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'Cognitive Enhancers'... - Sex differences in the neurobiology of fear conditioning and extinction: a preliminary fMRI study of shared sex differences with stress-arousal circuitryKelimer Lebron-Milad
Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th St, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
Biol Mood Anxiety Disord 2:7. 2012..abstract:.. - Unconditioned responses and functional fear networks in human classical conditioningClas Linnman
Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
Behav Brain Res 221:237-45. 2011..The hippocampus and the anterior insula may serve as hubs facilitating the switch between engagement of a defensive immediate fear network and a resting network... - Reprint of: resting cerebral metabolism correlates with skin conductance and functional brain activation during fear conditioningClas Linnman
Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
Biol Psychol 92:26-35. 2013..We conclude that resting metabolism in limbic areas can predict some aspects of psychophysiological and neuronal reactivity during fear learning... - An fMRI study of unconditioned responses in post-traumatic stress disorderClas Linnman
Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA, USA
Biol Mood Anxiety Disord 1:8. 2011..abstract:.. - Systemic mifepristone blocks reconsolidation of cue-conditioned fear; propranolol prevents this effectRoger K Pitman
Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, MGH East, 120 Second Avenue, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
Behav Neurosci 125:632-8. 2011..Concurrent administration of propranolol prevents this effect. Postreactivation mifepristone may be a promising treatment for PTSD, but not necessarily in combination with propranolol... - Learning and reconsolidation implicate different synaptic mechanismsYan Li
Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA 02478
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 110:4798-803. 2013.... - Fear extinction as a model for translational neuroscience: ten years of progressMohammed R Milad
Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02129, USA
Annu Rev Psychol 63:129-51. 2012..Here we review the major advances and highlight new approaches to understanding and exploiting fear extinction. Research in fear extinction could serve as a model for translational research in other areas of behavioral neuroscience... - The study of fear extinction: implications for anxiety disordersBronwyn M Graham
Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
Am J Psychiatry 168:1255-65. 2011.... - Blockade of estrogen by hormonal contraceptives impairs fear extinction in female rats and womenBronwyn M Graham
Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
Biol Psychiatry 73:371-8. 2013..Hormonal contraceptives (HCs) inhibit estrogen production; yet, their effects on fear extinction are unknown... - Correlations between psychological tests and physiological responses during fear conditioning and renewalKaren G Martinez
Department of Psychiatry, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, P, O, Box 365067, San Juan, PR, 00936, USA
Biol Mood Anxiety Disord 2:16. 2012..abstract:.. - Delayed recall of fear extinction in rats with lesions of ventral medial prefrontal cortexKelimer Lebrón
Department of Physiology, Ponce School of Medicine, Ponce, Puerto Rico 00732, USA
Learn Mem 11:544-8. 2004..We suggest that the vmPFC accelerates extinction by permitting access to recently learned extinction trials, thereby maximizing behavioral flexibility...
Research Grants
- Prefrontal Neuronal Responses During Extinction of FearMohammed Milad; Fiscal Year: 2003..This proposed study will bring us closer to understanding the mechanisms of fear extinction. Facilitation of extinction processes in patients with disorders such as PTSD could potentially help in curing such disorders. ..
- Influence of Gonadal Hormones on Fear ExtinctionMohammed Milad; Fiscal Year: 2007..This proposal will also examine the influence of progesterone administration on boosting the brain's signal for safety. Findings from this proposal may help the development of sex-specific treatments for anxiety disorders...