J Ma

..We used the concentration of plasma C-peptide (an indicator of insulin production) to determine whether insulin and insulin resistance are associated with the risk of developing colorectal cancer...

..We therefore examined associations of plasma levels of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 with the risk of colorectal cancer in a prospective case-control study nested in the Physicians' Health Study...

..A high ratio of IGF-I to IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) has been linked to an increased risk of colorectal cancer...

..This association was independent of baseline prostate-specific antigen levels. Identification of plasma IGF-I as a predictor of prostate cancer risk may have implications for risk reduction and treatment...

..We assessed dietary iron intake and genetic and biochemical markers of iron status in a prospective, nested case-control study of women enrolled in the Nurses' Health Study...

..A common mutation in MTHFR recently has been identified...

..CONCLUSIONS: These prospective data suggest that CRP levels may be useful in identifying apparently healthy men who are at an increased long-term risk of SCD...

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..We assessed the effect of prediagnostic BMI and plasma C-peptide concentration (reflecting insulin secretion) on prostate cancer-specific mortality after diagnosis...

..01). CONCLUSIONS: These prospective data do not support an overall protective relation between plasma carotenoids or tocopherols and future MI risk among men without a history of prior cardiovascular disease...

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..Whereas dietary intake of long-chain n-3 fatty acids has been associated with risk of nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), few studies have examined the relation for blood concentrations...

..Laboratory studies suggest a possible role of magnesium intake in colorectal carcinogenesis but epidemiological evidence is inconclusive...

..The results of epidemiologic studies of this hypothesis are inconclusive...

..In four prospective cohorts, we found no association between the risk of pancreatic cancer and prediagnostic plasma levels of IGF-I, IGF-II, or IGFBP-3...

..Our results indicate that individuals exposed to tobacco carcinogens were at increased risk of colorectal cancer and that overall risk is related to mEH and CYP2C9 genotype, although the results were not consistent between men and women...

..These results suggest that CYP17 genotype may possibly confer a small increased susceptibility to prostate cancer but is not a strong predictor of endogenous steroid hormone levels in men...

..It was concluded that influence of the MS (D919G) polymorphism on the plasma tHcy and folate levels is at most moderate, but should be further investigated in other large prospective studies...

..We assessed the hypothesis that higher trans fatty acid contents in erythrocytes were associated with an elevated risk of CHD in a nested case-control study among US women...

..Aspirin also inhibits the cyclooxygenase-2 enzyme and may share with n-3 fatty acids a potential mechanism to decrease the risk of colorectal cancer...

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..Meta-analysis of 12 studies of rs266882 and overall prostate cancer risk was null...

..Moreover, the A870G genotype may enhance the protective effect of postmenopausal oestrogen use on the development of colorectal neoplasia...

..Two non-synonymous MGMT coding region variants, Leu84Phe and Ile143Val, lie in close proximity to the reactive 145Cys residue and to a conserved estrogen receptor interacting helix...

..Collectively, our results suggest a link between moderate consumption of MCT and improved risk factors in moderately overweight humans in a low-cost, free-living setting...

..Experimental evidence has suggested that estrogen receptor alpha (coded by the gene ESR1) might increase prostate cancer risk, whereas estrogen receptor beta (coded by the gene ESR2) might reduce prostate cancer risk...

..A long-standing hypothesis has been that inherited variation in the androgen receptor (AR) gene plays a role in prostate cancer initiation. However, studies to date have been inconclusive and often suffered from small sample sizes...

..Although plasma lipid levels were more strongly associated with an increased risk than were inflammatory markers, the level of C-reactive protein remained a significant contributor to the prediction of coronary heart disease...

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..Low plasma concentrations of folate, vitamins B-12 and B-6, older age, being male, and living in urban areas were all independently associated with elevated tHcy, with low folate as the strongest determinant...

..These prospective cohort data suggest that dyslipidemias may lead to the subsequent development of hypertension. Thus, plasma lipids may be useful in the identification of men at risk for hypertension...

..This article will evaluate the emerging data on energy balance in patients with colorectal or prostate cancer...

..Total serum IgE was not associated with any allele of the polymorphism. These findings provide support, from case-control association analysis, for NOS1 as a candidate gene for asthma...

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..Animal models suggest that n-3 fatty acids inhibit prostate cancer proliferation, whereas n-6 fatty acids promote it, but epidemiologic studies do not uniformly support these findings...

..Epidemiological studies suggest that high body iron stores are associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between dietary intake of iron and the risk of type 2 diabetes...

..Among participants who obtain these factors exclusively through dietary sources, there may be an inverse relation between circulating folate, B6, and B12 and risk...

..6; 95% confidence interval, 2.4-8.7). These findings strengthen the hypothesis that BRCA1 plays a role in cell cycle control and show that BRCA1 is a marker of clinical prostate cancer prognosis. Cancer Res; 70(8); 3136-9. (c)2010 AACR...

..590). Although the gene responsible has yet to be identified, the validation of this marker in this large sample of prostate cancer cases leaves little room for the possibility of a false-positive result...

..Fish and seafood n-3 fatty acids may prevent or delay the progression of prostate cancer, but epidemiologic studies do not uniformly support this hypothesis...

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..05 (0.62, 1.77), 1.19 (0.69, 2.03), and 1.05 (0.60, 1.85; P-trend = 0.90) across quartiles. Our data do not support the hypothesis that excessive body iron stores are associated with risk of CHD...

..92 (0.55-1.56), 0.42 (0.23-0.75), and 0.49 (0.26-0.92; P(trend) = 0.01), respectively. In conclusion, vitamin B(6) may protect against colorectal cancer independent of other one-carbon metabolites and inflammatory biomarkers...

..82; biopsy C-statistic, 0.72). CONCLUSION Ignoring the predominance of Gleason pattern 4 in GS 7 cancers may conceal important prognostic information. A standardized review of GS can improve prediction of PCa survival...

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..We prospectively evaluated the relationships between fasting plasma levels of vitamin B(6), as pyridoxal phosphate, and subsequent myocardial infarction risk in women...

..Given the role of the IGF system in prostate cancer, ALS may influence carcinogenesis by modulating IGF-I levels or bioavailability...

..In this study we prospectively evaluated the relationships between plasma concentrations of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) and subsequent myocardial infarction in women...

..Previous studies suggest a positive association between markers of trans-fatty acid intake and prostate cancer. We therefore prospectively evaluated the association between blood trans-fatty acid levels and risk of prostate cancer...

..The mislocalized expression was associated with reduced apoptosis and higher proliferative activity and may suggest an oncogenic role in prostate cancer progression and survival...

..We prospectively evaluated relationships between fasting plasma concentrations of total cysteine and total homocysteine, and subsequent myocardial infarction (MI) in women...

..The results of this study support a link between RNASEL and prostate cancer and suggest that the association may be mediated through inflammation. These novel findings warrant replication in future studies...

..An association between serum insulin levels and pancreatic cancer risk was reported in a recent study, but the population was composed of heavy smokers and their findings may not be generalizable to nonsmokers...

..We therefore examined risk in relation to plasma concentrations of these vitamin D metabolites...

..09, 95% CI = 1.28-3.40) but not proximal colon or rectal cancers. Our results suggest that Arg72Pro may play a role in the early stages of colorectal neoplasia and possibly in progression to invasive disease, depending on site and sex...

..However, few studies have evaluated whether these factors are also associated with risk of colorectal adenoma, the main precursor lesion to colorectal cancer...

..This study was designed to examine the ability of baseline Lp(a) concentration and apo(a) size to predict future severe angina pectoris in apparently healthy men...

..We examined the association between pre-diagnostic plasma selenium levels and risk of prostate cancer in men enrolled in the Physicians' Health Study...

..Type 2 diabetes is a common manifestation of hemochromatosis, a disease of iron overload. However, it is not clear whether higher iron stores predict the development of type 2 diabetes in a healthy population...

..In summary, this study identified an association of MTA1 expression and prostate cancer progression...

..Excessive iron stores may promote insulin resistance and lead to the development of type 2 diabetes. However, prospective data relating iron intake and blood donations (determinants of body iron stores) to diabetes incidence are limited...

..Apolipoprotein E (apoE) plays an important role in lipid metabolism. Three common alleles in the APOE gene, E2/E3/E4, have been associated with lipoprotein disorders but their effects on myocardial infarction (MI) risk remain uncertain...

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..Whether long-chain n-3 fatty acids are also associated with the risk of sudden death in those without a history of cardiovascular disease is unknown...

..However, whether genetic variations in the APOA1/C3/A4 gene cluster are associated with the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) remains uncertain and prospective data are sparse...

..tHcy is an independent risk predictor of CHD and modestly associated with TNF-receptors. However, the inflammatory biomarkers measured could not explain its role in CHD...

..Our results indicate that prediagnostic circulating VEGF levels are not associated with prostate cancer development and have limited value in predicting future risk of prostate cancer...

..Our data indicate significant effects of H63D and C282Y on body iron stores and suggest a potential interaction between HFE genotypes and heme iron intake in relation to the risk of type 2 diabetes...

..However, no previous epidemiologic studies have directly evaluated the association of plasma PLP with risk for colorectal neoplasia...

..No gene-environment interactions were observed with these risk factors or with other dietary risk factors previously hypothesized to interact with the APC Asp1822Val polymorphism...

..Although altering IGF-I levels may not be practical, the growing burden of obesity and consequently hyperinsulinemia, which seems increasingly important for colon cancer, may be a target for effective prevention...

..We assessed the role of Lp(a) in coronary heart diseases (CHD) by a recently developed assay that is not affected by the plasminogen-like Kringle-type-2 repeats...

..Estrogen receptor beta (ESR2) may play a role in modulating prostate carcinogenesis through the regulation of genes related to cell proliferation and apoptosis...

..02). Adjusted hazard ratios were 1.73 (95% CI: 0.86, 3.51) comparing the highest to lowest IL-6 level. Our study suggests that IL-6 may potentially be involved in the development or progression of prostate cancer...

..We investigated the relation among the ADH3 polymorphism, the level of alcohol consumption, and the risk of myocardial infarction in a nested case-control study based on data from the prospective Physicians' Health Study...

..We discuss a pathogenic pathway for familial Alzheimer's disease in which defective presenilin function causes chromosome missegregation during mitosis, resulting in apoptosis and/or trisomy 21 mosaicism...

..Rapamycin may have unique benefit for patients with lung cancer, for whom the TSC1/TSC2 function is limited...

..Its association with prostate cancer-specific mortality in diagnosed patients needs to be further evaluated...

..77; 95% CI, 0.56-1.07; P value for difference between colon and rectal cancer = 0.20). These data suggest an inverse association between circulating 25(OH)D levels and colorectal cancer, with a stronger association for rectal cancer...

..These results suggest that the germline variants in HSD17B1 characterized by these htSNPs do not substantially influence the risk of prostate cancer in U.S. and European whites...

..The findings underscore the complex and important role of biological susceptibility as a determinant of risk from carcinogens found in tobacco smoke and other environmental compounds...

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..We conclude that the MTHFR 1298A>C polymorphism is a less substantial independent risk factor for colorectal cancer compared to the 677C>T polymorphism...

..Over the past decade, lipid measurements have been significantly improved and standardized. We evaluated the usefulness of multiple plasma lipid parameters in predicting coronary heart diseases (CHD) among women...

..We concluded that the inhibition of atherosclerotic lesions of the black rice pigment fraction is attributed to the improvement in cholesterol accumulation and reduction in oxidative stress and inflammation...

..The relation between dairy product intake and the risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD) remains controversial...

..Both endogenous and exogenous antioxidants play an important and interdependent role in preventing clinically significant prostate cancer...

..However, associations between fructose and the quantity and quality of total carbohydrate intake in relation to C-peptide concentrations have not been adequately examined...

..33, 95% CI 0.66-2.68). The C allele frequency in cases and controls were 39.9% and 38.5%, respectively. Our data suggest that the TGFB1 C-509T variant that affects expression of TGFbeta1 may play a role in advanced stage prostate cancer...

..The mechanisms underlying this effect may be related to the AdoHcy-mediated inhibition of DNA methylation in the aortic tissue...

..These results may suggest that BRF could exert cardioprotective effects on patients with CHD by improving plasma antioxidant status and inhibiting inflammatory factors...

..Further studies are needed to elucidate the factors that influence folate concentrations among middle-aged Chinese and to evaluate possible intervention strategies...

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..CONCLUSION: This study indicates that leisure-time, moderate occupational and household physical activity levels decreased risk factors for cardiovascular disease...

..Our findings do not support the hypothesis that common germ line variation in CYP17 makes a substantial contribution to postmenopausal breast or prostate cancer susceptibility...

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..Hence, the proposed project is highly cost-efficient. ..