Research Topics
| M LipsitchSummaryAffiliation: Harvard University Country: USA Publications
Research Grants
| Collaborators
|
Detail Information
Publications
Antibiotics in agriculture: when is it time to close the barn door?Marc Lipsitch
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99:5752-4. 2002
Antibiotic overuse: the influence of social normsTimothy G Buchman
J Am Coll Surg 207:265-75. 2008
Estimating rates of carriage acquisition and clearance and competitive ability for pneumococcal serotypes in Kenya with a Markov transition modelMarc Lipsitch
Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics and Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Epidemiology 23:510-9. 2012..Animal studies suggest that carriage induces an acquired immune response that reduces duration of colonization in a nonserotype-specific fashion...- Evolution, safety, and highly pathogenic influenza virusesMarc Lipsitch
Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics and Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Science 336:1529-31. 2012..Thus, we propose that future experiments with virulent pathogens whose accidental or deliberate release could lead to extensive spread in human populations should be limited by explicit risk-benefit considerations... - Oseltamivir for treatment and prevention of pandemic influenza A/H1N1 virus infection in households, Milwaukee, 2009Edward Goldstein
Department of Epidemiology, Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
BMC Infect Dis 10:211. 2010.... - Epidemiology and risk factors for Staphylococcus aureus colonization in children in the post-PCV7 eraGrace M Lee
Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
BMC Infect Dis 9:110. 2009..aureus and MRSA colonization in young children in the context of widespread use of PCV7; and (2) examine risk factors for S. aureus colonization in the post-PCV7 era, including the absence of vaccine-type S. pneumoniae colonization... - Patterns of antigenic diversity and the mechanisms that maintain themMarc Lipsitch
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
J R Soc Interface 4:787-802. 2007.... - Historical intensity of natural selection for resistance to tuberculosisMarc Lipsitch
Departments of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
Genetics 161:1599-607. 2002..Natural selection by PTB deaths during the European TB epidemic alone cannot account for the presently low level of TB disease observed among Europeans and their descendants just prior to the appearance of antibiotic treatment... - Strain characteristics of Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage and invasive disease isolates during a cluster-randomized clinical trial of the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccineMarc Lipsitch
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
J Infect Dis 196:1221-7. 2007..If sustained, such patterns provide some cause for optimism that rapid evolution of PCV escape strains with drug resistance or high virulence is unlikely... - No coexistence for free: neutral null models for multistrain pathogensMarc Lipsitch
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Epidemics 1:2-13. 2009..Neutral models can be a parsimonious starting point for studying mechanisms of strain coexistence; implications for past and future studies are discussed... - Effect of human leukocyte antigen heterozygosity on infectious disease outcome: the need for allele-specific measuresMarc Lipsitch
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
BMC Med Genet 4:2. 2003.... - Are anticapsular antibodies the primary mechanism of protection against invasive pneumococcal disease?Marc Lipsitch
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
PLoS Med 2:e15. 2005.... - Negative controls: a tool for detecting confounding and bias in observational studiesMarc Lipsitch
Department of Epidemiology, Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Epidemiology 21:383-8. 2010.... - Improving the evidence base for decision making during a pandemic: the example of 2009 influenza A/H1N1Marc Lipsitch
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard University, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Biosecur Bioterror 9:89-115. 2011..We describe other inputs to decision making besides epidemiologic and surveillance data, and we conclude with key lessons of the 2009 pandemic for designing and planning surveillance in the future... - Invited commentary: real-time tracking of control measures for emerging infectionsMarc Lipsitch
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Am J Epidemiol 160:517-9; discussion 520. 2004 - Antiviral resistance and the control of pandemic influenzaMarc Lipsitch
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
PLoS Med 4:e15. 2007..Nonetheless, antiviral resistance has received little attention when evaluating these plans... - Potential benefits of a serodiagnostic test for herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) to prevent neonatal HSV-1 infectionMarc Lipsitch
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
Sex Transm Dis 29:399-405. 2002..Changes in sexual practices have led to an increase in the incidence of genital herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infections. Such infections affect an estimated 400 newborns each year, with serious consequences... - Effects of antiviral usage on transmission dynamics of herpes simplex virus type 1 and on antiviral resistance: predictions of mathematical modelsM Lipsitch
Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
Antimicrob Agents Chemother 44:2824-35. 2000..The predictions of this model contrast with the more rapid increases in antimicrobial resistance anticipated by models and observed for other pathogenic bacteria and viruses. The reasons for these contrasting predictions are discussed... - The rise and fall of antimicrobial resistanceM Lipsitch
Dept of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Trends Microbiol 9:438-44. 2001..Open questions and approaches for testing the hypotheses proposed here are outlined... - Measuring and interpreting associations between antibiotic use and penicillin resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniaeM Lipsitch
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Clin Infect Dis 32:1044-54. 2001..Recommendations for the design and analysis of future studies of antibiotic treatment and pneumococcal resistance are proposed... - Competition among Streptococcus pneumoniae for intranasal colonization in a mouse modelM Lipsitch
Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA corrected
Vaccine 18:2895-901. 2000..The findings provide a basis for further studies of in vivo interactions between strains of S. pneumoniae... - Antibody-independent, CD4+ T-cell-dependent protection against pneumococcal colonization elicited by intranasal immunization with purified pneumococcal proteinsAlan Basset
Division of Infectious Diseases, Children s Hospital Boston, Enders 861 3, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Infect Immun 75:5460-4. 2007..Overall, our results show that intranasal immunization with a mixture of pneumococcal proteins protects against colonization in an antibody-independent, CD4+ T-cell-dependent manner... - The role of complement in innate and adaptive immunity to pneumococcal colonization and sepsis in a murine modelD Bogaert
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Vaccine 28:681-5. 2010..We therefore conclude that complement prevents sepsis following pneumococcal colonization in a neutrophil-independent fashion, but and WCV-induced adaptive immunity is complement-independent... - Association of the pneumococcal pilus with certain capsular serotypes but not with increased virulenceAlan Basset
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Children s Hospital Boston, Enders 861 3, Boston, MA 02115, USA
J Clin Microbiol 45:1684-9. 2007..3% after 2000; P = 0.019). Therefore, our data show that the pilus is present in a minority of strains and is associated with certain serotypes and that its frequency has been reduced by the conjugate pneumococcal vaccine... - Resistance to antimicrobial chemotherapy: a prescription for research and actionB R Levin
Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
Am J Med Sci 315:87-94. 1998..It concludes with an update on the theoretical and empirical research on the between- and within-host population biology and evolution of resistance to antimicrobial chemotherapy most of which has been done since that meeting... - Interpreting results from trials of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines: a statistical test for detecting vaccine-induced increases in carriage of nonvaccine serotypesM Lipsitch
Department of Biology, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
Am J Epidemiol 154:85-92. 2001..The implications of the findings and the assumptions and limitations of this technique are then discussed... - Transmission dynamics and control of severe acute respiratory syndromeMarc Lipsitch
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Science 300:1966-70. 2003..Public-health efforts to reduce transmission are expected to have a substantial impact on reducing the size of the epidemic... - Pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide structure predicts serotype prevalenceDaniel M Weinberger
Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
PLoS Pathog 5:e1000476. 2009.... - Distribution of vaccine/antivirals and the 'least spread line' in a stratified populationE Goldstein
Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
J R Soc Interface 7:755-64. 2010..These results, which rely on the structure of the EpiSims network, are compared with the current influenza vaccination coverage levels in the US population... - Vaccine allocation in a declining epidemicE Goldstein
Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
J R Soc Interface 9:2798-803. 2012.... - The epidemiology of antibiotic resistance in hospitals: paradoxes and prescriptionsM Lipsitch
Department of Biology, Emory University, 1510 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 97:1938-43. 2000..The predictions of the model are compared with those of other models and published data. The implications for resistance control and study design are discussed, along with the limitations and assumptions of the model... - Intranasal immunization with killed unencapsulated whole cells prevents colonization and invasive disease by capsulated pneumococciR Malley
Divisions of Infectious Diseases, Children s Hospital, Harvard University of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
Infect Immun 69:4870-3. 2001..These studies suggest that killed whole-cell unencapsulated pneumococci given intranasally with an adjuvant may provide multitypic protection against capsulated pneumococci... - Bacterial vaccines and serotype replacement: lessons from Haemophilus influenzae and prospects for Streptococcus pneumoniaeM Lipsitch
Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
Emerg Infect Dis 5:336-45. 1999.... - Interleukin-17A mediates acquired immunity to pneumococcal colonizationYing Jie Lu
Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Children s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
PLoS Pathog 4:e1000159. 2008..We conclude that IL-17A mediates pneumococcal immunity in mice and probably in humans; its elicitation in vitro could help in the development of candidate pneumococcal vaccines... - Antibodies to conserved pneumococcal antigens correlate with, but are not required for, protection against pneumococcal colonization induced by prior exposure in a mouse modelKrzysztof Trzcinski
Department of Epidemiology and Immunology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Infect Immun 73:7043-6. 2005..Concentrations of antibodies to conserved pneumococcal antigens may be correlates of protection without being effectors of protection... - Natural selection, infectious transfer and the existence conditions for bacterial plasmidsC T Bergstrom
Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
Genetics 155:1505-19. 2000..Second, plasmids may persist because of their ability to shuttle intermittently favored genes back and forth between various (noncompeting) bacterial strains, ecotypes, or even species... - Population dynamics of tuberculosis treatment: mathematical models of the roles of non-compliance and bacterial heterogeneity in the evolution of drug resistanceM Lipsitch
Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2:187-99. 1998..Patient non-compliance and/or spatial heterogeneity in drug concentration or effectiveness may contribute to the emergence of drug resistance during multiple-drug chemotherapy of tuberculosis... - Epidemiologic evidence for serotype-specific acquired immunity to pneumococcal carriageDaniel M Weinberger
Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
J Infect Dis 197:1511-8. 2008..We found no evidence of specific protection for type 6B, group 15, or type 19F. Our findings imply that at least some serotypes generate anti-capsular antibodies that can reduce the risk of carriage in unimmunized toddlers... - SpxB is a suicide gene of Streptococcus pneumoniae and confers a selective advantage in an in vivo competitive colonization modelGili Regev-Yochay
Department of Epidemiology and Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
J Bacteriol 189:6532-9. 2007..We conclude that a suicide gene of pneumococcus is spxB, which induces an apoptosis-like death in pneumococci and confers a selective advantage in nasopharyngeal cocolonization... - Carried pneumococci in Massachusetts children: the contribution of clonal expansion and serotype switchingWilliam P Hanage
Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, UK
Pediatr Infect Dis J 30:302-8. 2011..Vaccination against 7 serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae has led to the near extinction of vaccine serotypes in both disease and asymptomatic carriage. In carriage, vaccine serotypes have been replaced by nonvaccine serotypes... - Serum antipneumococcal antibodies and pneumococcal colonization in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseRichard Malley
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Children s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
J Infect Dis 196:928-35. 2007..We thus conclude that, in adult patients with COPD, resistance to pneumococcal colonization is unlikely to be determined by higher serum antibody concentrations to pneumococcal antigens... - Pre-dispensing of antivirals to high-risk individuals in an influenza pandemicEdward Goldstein
Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
Influenza Other Respi Viruses 4:101-12. 2010.... - Reconstructing influenza incidence by deconvolution of daily mortality time seriesEdward Goldstein
Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106:21825-9. 2009..s... - Capsule homology does not increase the frequency of transformation of linked penicillin binding proteins PBP 1a and PBP 2x in Streptococcus pneumoniaeKrzysztof Trzcinski
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Room 903, Building 1, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
Antimicrob Agents Chemother 49:1591-2. 2005..Transformation rates in homologous donor-recipient pairs were no higher than expected, falsifying this hypothesis... - CD4+ T cells mediate antibody-independent acquired immunity to pneumococcal colonizationRichard Malley
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Children s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102:4848-53. 2005..Thus, we find that immunity to pneumococcal colonization can be induced in the absence of antibody, independent of the capsular type, and this protection requires the presence of CD4(+) T cells at the time of challenge... - Weather-based prediction of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in epidemic-prone regions of Ethiopia II. Weather-based prediction systems perform comparably to early detection systems in identifying times for interventionsHailay D Teklehaimanot
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Malar J 3:44. 2004..Early warning methods that provide earlier alerts (usually by the use of weather variables) may permit control measures to interrupt transmission earlier in the epidemic, perhaps at the expense of some level of accuracy... - Modeling community- and individual-level effects of child-care center attendance on pneumococcal carriageSusan S Huang
Department of Ambulatory Care and Prevention, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Clin Infect Dis 40:1215-22. 2005..This variation is not fully explained by risk factors at the individual level but may be explained by factors producing effects at both the individual and community levels, such as child-care center (CCC) attendance... - In vitro bactericidal activity of Streptococcus pneumoniae and bactericidal susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from cocolonized versus noncocolonized childrenGili Regev-Yochay
Department of Epidemiology and Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
J Clin Microbiol 46:747-9. 2008..Thus, in vitro killing is not the major determinant of the pattern of cocolonization... - Little evidence for genetic susceptibility to influenza A (H5N1) from family clustering dataVirginia E Pitzer
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
Emerg Infect Dis 13:1074-6. 2007..We show that, by chance alone, a high proportion of clusters are expected to be limited to blood relatives when infection is a rare event... - Protection against nasopharyngeal colonization by Streptococcus pneumoniae is mediated by antigen-specific CD4+ T cellsKrzysztof Trzcinski
Harvard School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, 665 Huntington Avenue, Building 1, Room 903, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Infect Immun 76:2678-84. 2008..These results are consistent with the recruitment and/or activation of phagocytic or other nonspecific effectors by antigen-specific CD4(+) T cells... - Generation interval contraction and epidemic data analysisEben Kenah
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Math Biosci 213:71-9. 2008..This approach leads naturally to partial likelihoods for epidemic data that are very similar to those that arise in survival analysis, opening a promising avenue of methodological research in infectious disease epidemiology... - Weather-based prediction of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in epidemic-prone regions of Ethiopia I. Patterns of lagged weather effects reflect biological mechanismsHailay D Teklehaimanot
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Malar J 3:41. 2004..The impact of temperature on the duration of a mosquito's life cycle and the sporogonic phase of the parasite could explain the inconsistent findings... - Too little of a good thing: a paradox of moderate infection controlTed Cohen
Division of Social Medicine and Health Inequalities Brigham and Women s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Epidemiology 19:588-9. 2008..For those pathogens that cause more severe disease among hosts of an older age, interventions that limit transmission can paradoxically increase the burden of disease in a population... - The pneumococcal pilus predicts the absence of Staphylococcus aureus co-colonization in pneumococcal carriersGili Regev-Yochay
Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Children s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Clin Infect Dis 48:760-3. 2009..aureus were significantly lower for individuals carrying a piliated versus a nonpiliated S. pneumoniae strain, suggesting the pilus may be a determinant of the negative association... - Alert threshold algorithms and malaria epidemic detectionHailay Desta Teklehaimanot
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
Emerg Infect Dis 10:1220-6. 2004..The comparative method developed here may be useful for testing other proposed alert thresholds and for application in other populations... - Age-specific immunoglobulin g (IgG) and IgA to pneumococcal protein antigens in a population in coastal kenyaCatherine Laine
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
Infect Immun 72:3331-5. 2004..001). No decline was observed in the sera of the elderly. Anti-protein IgG concentrations were only weakly correlated (0.30 < r < 0.56; P < 0.0001), as were IgA concentrations (0.24 < r < 0.54; P < 0.0001)... - Estimating variability in the transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome to household contacts in Hong Kong, ChinaVirginia E Pitzer
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Am J Epidemiol 166:355-63. 2007..This study suggests that the probability of transmission of SARS is dependent upon characteristics of the index patients and does not simply reflect temporal variability in the viral load of SARS cases... - Construction of otherwise isogenic serotype 6B, 7F, 14, and 19F capsular variants of Streptococcus pneumoniae strain TIGR4Krzysztof Trzcinski
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
Appl Environ Microbiol 69:7364-70. 2003..The constructed capsular variants of TIGR4 are suitable for use in studies on the role of S. pneumoniae capsular polysaccharide in immunity, colonization, and pathogenesis... - Interference between Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus: In vitro hydrogen peroxide-mediated killing by Streptococcus pneumoniaeGili Regev-Yochay
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
J Bacteriol 188:4996-5001. 2006..These results provide a possible mechanistic explanation for the interspecies interference observed in epidemiologic studies... - Antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance: a population perspectiveMarc Lipsitch
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachussetts 02115, USA
Emerg Infect Dis 8:347-54. 2002..These mechanisms can operate even when treatment has a modest, or even negative, effect on an individual host's colonization with resistant organisms... - Single-step capsular transformation and acquisition of penicillin resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniaeKrzysztof Trzcinski
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
J Bacteriol 186:3447-52. 2004..This suggests that in natural settings selection by host immunity and selection by antibiotics may be interrelated because of "hitchhiking" effects due to linkage of resistance determinants and the capsule locus... - Recognition of pneumolysin by Toll-like receptor 4 confers resistance to pneumococcal infectionRichard Malley
Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 100:1966-71. 2003..We conclude that the interaction of pneumolysin with TLR4 is critically involved in the innate immune response to pneumococcus... - Beneficial and perverse effects of isoniazid preventive therapy for latent tuberculosis infection in HIV-tuberculosis coinfected populationsTed Cohen
Division of Social Medicine and Health Inequalities, Brigham and Women s Hospital, One Brigham Circle, 1620 Tremont Street, Boston, MA 02120, USA
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:7042-7. 2006.... - The effect of antiretroviral therapy on secondary transmission of HIV among men who have sex with menAlethea W McCormick
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Clin Infect Dis 44:1115-22. 2007..However, the potential reduction in secondary transmission associated with ART may be offset by the longer duration of infectiousness... - Incremental increase in fitness cost with increased beta -lactam resistance in pneumococci evaluated by competition in an infant rat nasal colonization modelKrzysztof Trzcinski
Department of Epidemiology and Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
J Infect Dis 193:1296-303. 2006.... - Re-emergence of the type 1 pilus among Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Massachusetts, USAGili Regev-Yochay
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Children s Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Vaccine 28:4842-6. 2010..These emerging piliated non-VT strains are mostly novel clones, with some exceptions. The rise in pilus type 1 frequency across multiple distinct genetic backgrounds suggests that the pilus may confer an intrinsic advantage... - Antibody-independent, interleukin-17A-mediated, cross-serotype immunity to pneumococci in mice immunized intranasally with the cell wall polysaccharideRichard Malley
Division of Infectious Diseases, Children s Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Infect Immun 74:2187-95. 2006..C-Ps also protected in a model of fatal aspiration pneumonia by heavily capsulated serotype 3. These findings suggest a novel immunization strategy against S. pneumoniae... - Reproductive numbers, epidemic spread and control in a community of householdsE Goldstein
Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Math Biosci 221:11-25. 2009..Along the way, we have also shown that in choosing between increasing vaccine efficacy and increasing coverage levels by the same factor, preference should go to efficacy... - The analysis of hospital infection data using hidden Markov modelsBen Cooper
Department of Epidemiology, Kresge Building, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Biostatistics 5:223-37. 2004..Compared to the standard hidden Markov model, the new approach is more parsimonious, is more biologically plausible, and allows key epidemiological parameters to be estimated... - When to start antiretroviral therapy in resource-limited settingsRochelle P Walensky
Massachusetts General Hospital, Brigham and Women s Hospital, Harvard University Medical School, Harvard School of Public Health, and Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
Ann Intern Med 151:157-66. 2009..The results of international clinical trials that are assessing when to initiate antiretroviral therapy (ART) will not be available for several years... - Association of serotype with risk of death due to pneumococcal pneumonia: a meta-analysisDaniel M Weinberger
Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Clin Infect Dis 51:692-9. 2010..We evaluated whether risk of death due to IPD is a stable serotype-associated property across studies and then compared the pooled effect estimates with epidemiologic and biological correlates... - Test and treat DC: forecasting the impact of a comprehensive HIV strategy in Washington DCRochelle P Walensky
Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
Clin Infect Dis 51:392-400. 2010..We forecast outcomes of this approach if implemented in Washington DC... - Use of cumulative incidence of novel influenza A/H1N1 in foreign travelers to estimate lower bounds on cumulative incidence in MexicoMarc Lipsitch
Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
PLoS ONE 4:e6895. 2009..Accordingly, the total number of cases will be underestimated and disease severity overestimated. This problem is manifest in the current epidemic of novel influenza A/H1N1... - Ecological theory suggests that antimicrobial cycling will not reduce antimicrobial resistance in hospitalsCarl T Bergstrom
Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 1800, USA
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101:13285-90. 2004..As a consequence, cycling is unlikely to be effective and may even hinder resistance control. These results may explain the limited success reported thus far from clinical trials of antimicrobial cycling... - Exploring the relationship between incidence and the average age of infection during seasonal epidemicsVirginia E Pitzer
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
J Theor Biol 260:175-85. 2009.... - Upgrading antibiotic use within a class: tradeoff between resistance and treatment successY Claire Wang
Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:9655-60. 2006..We discuss the implications of these considerations in regard to antibiotic choices for Streptococcus pneumoniae... - Scaling up antiretroviral therapy in South Africa: the impact of speed on survivalRochelle P Walensky
The Divisions of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
J Infect Dis 197:1324-32. 2008..Only 33% of eligible human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients in South Africa receive antiretroviral therapy (ART). We sought to estimate the impact of alternative ART scale-up scenarios on patient outcomes from 2007-2012... - Transmissibility of 1918 pandemic influenzaChristina E Mills
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
Nature 432:904-6. 2004..But because influenza is frequently transmitted before a specific diagnosis is possible and there is a dearth of global antiviral and vaccine stores, aggressive transmission reducing measures will probably be required... - Geographic diversity and temporal trends of antimicrobial resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae in the United StatesAlthea W McCormick
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Nat Med 9:424-30. 2003.... - Estimates of the prevalence of pandemic (H1N1) 2009, United States, April-July 2009Carrie Reed
Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Mailstop A32, Atlanta, GA 30033, USA
Emerg Infect Dis 15:2004-7. 2009..Correcting for under-ascertainment using a multiplier model, we estimate that 1.8 million-5.7 million cases occurred, including 9,000-21,000 hospitalizations... - Multiple equilibria: tuberculosis transmission require unrealistic assumptionsMarc Lipsitch
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115-6028, USA
Theor Popul Biol 63:169-70. 2003 - Estimation of the reproductive number and the serial interval in early phase of the 2009 influenza A/H1N1 pandemic in the USALaura Forsberg White
Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
Influenza Other Respi Viruses 3:267-76. 2009..Appropriate public health responses to this pandemic depend in part on early estimates of key epidemiological parameters of the virus in defined populations... - Cost-effectiveness of preventing loss to follow-up in HIV treatment programs: a Côte d'Ivoire appraisalElena Losina
Division of General Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
PLoS Med 6:e1000173. 2009..Our objective was to project the clinical impact and cost-effectiveness of interventions to prevent LTFU from HIV care in West Africa... - Control-group selection importance in studies of antimicrobial resistance: examples applied to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococci, and Escherichia coliAnthony D Harris
Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, and VA Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, MD, USA
Clin Infect Dis 34:1558-63. 2002..68). The selection of control patients from the potentially suboptimal control type 1 can falsely identify certain antibiotics and overestimate the OR of the resistance-defining antibiotic... - Diversity and antibiotic resistance among nonvaccine serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage isolates in the post-heptavalent conjugate vaccine eraWilliam P Hanage
Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College, London, UK
J Infect Dis 195:347-52. 2007..Possible mechanisms include de novo acquisition of resistance, serotype switching, introduction of new clones, and expansion of existing clones... - Mechanisms by which antibiotics promote dissemination of resistant pneumococci in human populationsMatthew H Samore
Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
Am J Epidemiol 163:160-70. 2006..Penicillins accelerate clearance of susceptible strains. The effect of penicillins in increasing resistance is shared equally by treated and untreated members of the population... - Serum serotype-specific pneumococcal anticapsular immunoglobulin g concentrations after immunization with a 9-valent conjugate pneumococcal vaccine correlate with nasopharyngeal acquisition of pneumococcusRon Dagan
Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Soroka University Medical Center and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
J Infect Dis 192:367-76. 2005..We attempted to correlate postvaccination serum serotype-specific pneumococcal anticapsular immunoglobulin (Ig) G concentrations with new acquisitions of vaccine-type (VT) serotypes and the VT-related serotype 6A... - Does pneumococcal conjugate vaccine influence Staphylococcus aureus carriage in children?Gili Regev-Yochay
Clin Infect Dis 47:289-91; author reply 291-2. 2008 - Projected benefits of active surveillance for vancomycin-resistant enterococci in intensive care unitsEli N Perencevich
Veterans Affairs Maryland Healthcare System, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Clin Infect Dis 38:1108-15. 2004..Passive surveillance was minimally effective. Using the best available data, active surveillance is projected to be effective for reducing VRE transmission in ICU settings... - Seasonality of antibiotic-resistant streptococcus pneumoniae that causes acute otitis media: a clue for an antibiotic-restriction policy?Ron Dagan
Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Soroka University Medical Center, Israel
J Infect Dis 197:1094-102. 2008..We attempted to determine whether reduced antibiotic consumption, which is observed yearly in children during the warm season, is associated with a reduction in antibiotic resistance in pneumococcal acute otitis media (AOM)... - Age- and serogroup-related differences in observed durations of nasopharyngeal carriage of penicillin-resistant pneumococciLiselotte Högberg
Department of Epidemiology, Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, 171 82 Solna, Sweden
J Clin Microbiol 45:948-52. 2007..The results highlight the importance of taking both serogroup and age of the carriers into account when studying the dynamics of pneumococcal transmission in young children... - Pandemic flu: we are not preparedMarc Lipsitch
MedGenMed 7:56. 2005 - Pandemic influenza: risk of multiple introductions and the need to prepare for themChristina E Mills
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
PLoS Med 3:e135. 2006 - Antibiotic resistance--the interplay between antibiotic use in animals and human beingsRandall S Singer
College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, IL, USA
Lancet Infect Dis 3:47-51. 2003 - Projection of the future dimensions and costs of the genital herpes simplex type 2 epidemic in the United StatesDavid N Fisman
City of Hamilton Social and Public Health Services Department, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
Sex Transm Dis 29:608-22. 2002.... - Public health interventions and epidemic intensity during the 1918 influenza pandemicRichard J Hatchett
Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Transplantation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104:7582-7. 2007..These findings support the hypothesis that rapid implementation of multiple NPIs can significantly reduce influenza transmission, but that viral spread will be renewed upon relaxation of such measures... - Multiple outbreaks and flu containment plansMarc Lipsitch
Science 312:845. 2006 - The influence of hitchhiking and deleterious mutation upon asexual mutation ratesMichael E Palmer
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
Genetics 173:461-72. 2006..We close by commenting on the importance of other factors, such as spatiotemporal variation, and on the origin of variation in mutation rates...
Research Grants
- Mechanisms of Capsular Diversity in Streptococcus PneumoniaeMarc Lipsitch; Fiscal Year: 2009....
- Methodological Approaches to Planning and Analysis of N*Marc Lipsitch; Fiscal Year: 2007..The goal of this work is to design tools that will aid in understanding and generalizing the output of computationally complex models of disease transmission. ..
- Mechanisms of Capsular Diversity in Streptococcus PneumoniaeMarc Lipsitch; Fiscal Year: 2007....
- VACCINATION AND THE EVOLUTIONARY DYNAMICS OF PNEUMOCOCCIMarc Lipsitch; Fiscal Year: 2005..abstract_text> ..
- Epidemiologic Methods: Resistant Nosocomial InfectionsMarc Lipsitch; Fiscal Year: 2004..This will in turn lead to better practices to reduce the incidence of ARNI. ..
- Mechanisms of Capsular Diversity in Streptococcus PneumoniaeMarc Lipsitch; Fiscal Year: 2010....