I M Lee

..This finding parallels the changes seen in the immune system in response to exercise and comes as no surprise, as the immune system also regulates susceptibility to infections...

..Prospective data relating fruit and vegetable intake to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk are sparse, particularly for women...

..To examine the associations of physical activity and body size with risk of prostate cancer...

..However, it is unclear whether the duration of exercise episodes is important: Are accumulated shorter sessions as predictive of decreased risk as longer sessions if the same amount of energy is expended?..

..We therefore examined physical activity and breast cancer risk in the Women's Health Study...

..Physically active women have lower coronary heart disease (CHD) rates than inactive women. However, whether the association differs by intensity of activity or in women at high risk for CHD is unclear...

..Therefore, we examined the association of the quantity and intensity of physical activity with CHD risk and the impact of other coronary risk factors...

..However, epidemiological studies of physical activity and stroke risk have yielded divergent findings. We therefore sought to examine the association between exercise and stroke risk...

..It was concluded that, by adhering to current guidelines for physical activity and expending about 4200 kJ of energy a week, women can postpone mortality. The magnitude of benefit experienced by women is similar to that seen in men...

..However, the role of physical activity in precipitating or preventing sudden death has not been assessed prospectively in a large number of subjects...

..In a prospective observational study, frequent sense of exhaustion appeared to be independently associated with increased risk of CHD mortality in men...

..BACKGROUND and..

..The present subgroup analyses further show no effects by tumour characteristics at diagnosis, suggesting that low-dose aspirin has no preventive effect on breast cancer...

..However, due to the chemical and physical complexity of vegetables, the effects of individual nutrients may differ if eaten as whole foods. Moreover, little is known about the direct association between vegetable intake and risk of CHD...

..To evaluate the association between active and passive smoking and frequency of colds in women...

..15 and 0.62, respectively)...

..Laboratory experiments indicate that physical activity may have a neuroprotective effect; however, there are few data on whether physical activity is associated with decreased risk of Parkinson's disease...

..Few data exist on beverage-specific associations as well as lifetime patterns of alcohol consumption and prostate cancer risk...

..Few studies have examined the effects of paternal and maternal history of myocardial infarction (MI), including age at MI, on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, particularly among women...

..We conducted laboratory tests in a large number of women with and without breast implants, and in diabetic patients with presumed silicone exposure via insulin syringes...

..The purpose of this review is to assess the dose-response relation between physical activity and all-cause mortality. We examined these parameters of physical activity dose: volume, intensity, duration, and frequency...

..Migraine and headache in general have been associated with subsequent risk of stroke, primarily in retrospective case-control studies. Prospective data evaluating the association between specific headache forms and stroke are sparse...

..This study demonstrated that the World Wide Web may provide an alternative, inexpensive method of determining the mortality status of subjects in relatively small epidemiologic studies...

..00, 0.98, 0.92, and 1.31, respectively) nor BMI (corresponding findings: 1.00, 0.84, 1.08, and 0.99, respectively) significantly predicted pancreatic cancer mortality...

..These reductions were not, however, statistically significant. These data are compatible with a small treatment effect of low-dose aspirin in the prophylaxis of migraine among middle-aged women...

..Physical activity and adiposity are important predictors of mortality, even in older individuals. However, it is unclear how much physical activity is needed to prevent weight gain in older persons...

..Finally, we provide recommendations regarding further epidemiologic research that will help clarify unanswered questions in these areas...

..47. We also separately examined physical activity at ages 12-18, 19-34, 35-49 and > or =50 years; no significant trends were observed in any age group. These data do not support a role of physical activity in preventing breast cancer...

..It appears that following recent recommendations (at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity such as brisk walking on most days) is sufficient...