Karestan Koenen

..If replicated, these results identify PTSD as a risk factor for smoking that should lead to early tobacco control treatment in this population...

..This paper shows the research rationale and design for these three case-control studies...

..Although twin studies suggest genetic influences account for substantial variance in PTSD risk, little progress has been made in identifying variants in specific genes that influence liability to this common, debilitating disorder...

..These results suggest that social environment modifies the effect of 5-HTTLPR genotype on PTSD risk...

..The implications of a developmentally informed epidemiologic approach to PTSD for theory, research, and practice are discussed...

..The authors tested the hypothesis that low childhood IQ is associated with increased risk and severity of adult mental disorders...

..Women's status is an important aspect of children's social context which may impact their well-being. Multi-level analyses of the association between state-level women's status and child well-being are needed...

..We examined the association between childhood neurodevelopmental, temperamental, behavioral and family environmental characteristics assessed before age 11 years and the development of PTSD up to age 32 years in a birth cohort...

..Genetic influences common to both phenotypes explained 100% of the low IQ-antisocial behavior relation in boys. Findings suggest that specific candidate genes and neurobiological processes should be tested in relation to both phenotypes...

..We examined whether rs4606, a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the 3' UTR of RGS2, was associated with GAD in an epidemiologic sample of adults exposed to the 2004 Florida Hurricanes...

..Juvenile mental-disorder histories may help indicate which individuals are most likely to develop PTSD in populations at high risk of trauma exposure...

..The degree to which a common genetic liability explains the etiology of the MD-PTSD association has not been quantified and has important implications for research and prevention...

..Finally, we propose some promising new directions for PTSD G x E research. We suggest that G x E research in PTSD is essential to understanding vulnerability and resilience following exposure to a traumatic event...

..Recommendations for future studies are presented with emphasis on study design and assessment issues particular to the field of trauma and PTSD. Clinical implications of PTSD genetic studies are discussed...

..The findings suggest CD increases risk for trauma exposure and PTSD among male veterans through direct and indirect mechanisms. Veterans who have a history of CD are at high risk for trauma exposure and development of PTSD...

..Recent studies indicate a strong association between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and nicotine dependence (ND). However, the explanation for the association remains unclear...

..The authors posit that GxE research is vital to elucidating risk and resilience following exposure to a potentially traumatic event...

..This report briefly discusses the gains made from this research approach and the promising future for genetically informative trauma and violence research...

..Future research should identify mechanisms that make female victims particularly vulnerable to revictimization and the development of PTSD...

..We assessed sexual orientation disparities in exposure to violence and other potentially traumatic events and onset of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a representative US sample...

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..13 (95% confidence interval: 1.00, 1.27; P(trend) = 0.01). Analyses simultaneously considering PA and television watching suggested that both contributed independently to depression risk...

..However, studies that analyze prospectively the relationship between coffee or caffeine consumption and depression risk are scarce...

..Shared genetic variance across the 2 dimensions explained 67% of their phenotypic correlation (r = .52). These findings have implications for conceptualizations of the etiology of PTSD and its location in an empirically based nosology...

..We investigated associations among racial discrimination, psychological distress, and self-rated health among US-born and immigrant Black Americans...

..quot; We concluded that studies of SWB and health should continue to distinguish between explicitly religious variables and others that more closely approximate the psychological construct of personal well-being...

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..The data suggest that the observed association between age of initiation of sexual relations and having multiple partners is due to genetic influences common to both behaviors...

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..To date, there have been conflicting reports of the association of psychosocial stressors with prenatal corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) levels...

..5%), compared with women with a college degree and without nicotine dependence (3.9%). More effective and accessible interventions for nicotine dependence among pregnant smokers are needed...

..The purpose of this article was to integrate home demands with the demand-control-support model to test if home demands interact with job strain to increase depressive symptoms...

..No study has tested this hypothesis in women even though PTSD is more prevalent among women than men. This study aims to examine whether higher levels of PTSD symptoms are associated with increased risk of incident CHD among women...

..A better understanding of the relationship will increase prevention and intervention efforts. Cardiologists may be most effective when they can recognize and manage emotional distress in practice...

..14 [0.11, 2.18]). In conclusion, whereas antenatal depression was associated with smaller size and central adiposity at age 3 years, postpartum depression was associated with higher overall adiposity...

..To assess whether a change in depression predicts a mother's change in maltreatment...

..We conclude C-PTSD comorbidity persists after controlling for shared vulnerability. Combat exposure is directly and indirectly, through C-PTSD, associated with increased risk for other mental disorders...

..Witnessing such violence in childhood has been proposed as a principal cause of adulthood perpetration, yet it remains unknown whether the association between witnessing intimate partner violence and adulthood perpetration is causal...

..We examined the relationships between antenatal and postpartum depressive symptoms and child height and linear growth from birth to age 3 years in a U.S. sample...

..We investigate whether emotional reactivity to stress is a mechanism in the association between childhood environment characteristics and adult mood and anxiety disorders...

..To our knowledge, no prospective studies to date have evaluated whether PTSD is associated with increased risk of CHD...

..Further investigation is needed to determine whether the PTSD-functioning relationship is causal and if successful treatment of PTSD is associated with improvement in functioning...

..Therefore, we evaluated whether child emotional functioning at age 7 years is associated with C-reactive protein (CRP), an indicator of systemic inflammation, in middle adulthood...

..This study investigated the developmental course of autistic traits in a nationally representative sample of subjects 7 to 13 years of age...

..women and more than 100,000 men are treated for injuries from intimate partner violence (IPV) annually, making IPV perpetration a major public health problem. However, little is known about causes of perpetration across the life course...

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..The study also draws attention to the need for associated mental health, functional and quality-of life impairments that seem to accompany continued use in individuals with HIV...

..Based on a simple simulation study, recommendations are given as to which methods should be applied and which should be avoided...

..These findings have implications for our understanding of morphine's effects on psychological functioning following an acute injury and for direct clinical care...

..The associations between different sources of dietary n-3 (omega-3) and n-6 (omega-6) fatty acids and the risk of depression have not been prospectively studied...

..Genome-wide association studies offer the best opportunity to identify novel "true" risk variants for the disorder that in turn has the potential to inform our understanding of PTSD etiology...

..The association between psychological aggression and child behavior problems was partially mediated by maternal distress. Exposure to psychological aggression appears to have unique direct and indirect adverse effects on children...

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..Epidemiologic studies reveal that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is highly comorbid with both conduct disorder and major depression in men. The genetic and environmental etiology of this comorbidity has not been examined...

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..1% current rates of war-related PTSD. The fact that these rates are lower than the original NVVRS rates has stimulated continuing controversy that has tended to obscure the more important implications of the study's results...

..Examining whether smoking is a risk factor for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms among rescue workers affected by a disaster...

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..Finally, we summarize findings from molecular genetic studies, which have the potential to inform our understanding of underlying biological mechanisms for the development of PTSD...

..These findings suggest comorbid PTSD may represent a genetically mediated vulnerability to psychopathology after trauma...

..7% of the veterans had developed war-related PTSD during their lifetimes and 9.1% were currently suffering from PTSD 11 to 12 years after the war; current PTSD was typically associated with moderate impairment...

..Cognitive deficits are associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but whether such deficits reflect sequelae or risk factors is not fully resolved...

..Results suggest the association of familial psychopathology and PTSD may be mediated by increased risk of traumatic exposure and by preexisting psychopathology...

..The possibility that mainly positive tertiary appraisals also contribute to successful postwar adaptation is discussed...

..Combat exposure predicted PTSD course more strongly than any other risk factor. Findings suggest recovery from PTSD is significantly influenced by perceived social support...

..Numerous studies have documented the increased incidence of PTSD in those initially diagnosed with ASD. PTSD symptoms cause tremendous morbidity and may persist for many years in some children...

..We outline specific research questions and study designs needed to build the lacking evidence base for or against proposed changes to DSM-V conduct disorder...

..To identify predictors of helpseeking and use of mental health treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) using the behavioral model of health service use...

..The goals of this research are to develop and test a prospective model of attention problems in sexually abused children that includes fixed variables (e.g., gender), trauma, and disclosure-related pathways...

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..This work will help the development of prevention and treatment interventions for traumatized individuals and will contribute to our understanding of the etiology of PTSD. ..

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