Xiang Gao

..We also prospectively examined whether women with MS had an increased risk of developing RLS during 4 years of follow-up...

..To prospectively examine whether higher intakes of total flavonoids and their subclasses (flavanones, anthocyanins, flavan-3-ols, flavonols, flavones, and polymers) were associated with a lower risk of developing Parkinson disease (PD)...

..To prospectively examine whether use of statins is associated with altered risk of Parkinson disease (PD)...

..To test this hypothesis, we conducted a large-scaled cross-sectional study to examine whether women with a child with ADHD had a higher risk of having RLS than women of unaffected children...

..Food insecurity is associated with nutrient inadequacy and a variety of unfavorable health outcomes. However, little is known about whether food security is associated with lower cognitive function in the elderly...

..We therefore examined whether individuals who are obese have an increased risk of RLS in two ongoing US cohorts, the Nurses' Health Study II and the Health Professional Follow-up Study...

..If this was due to common genetic mechanisms, a positive family history of melanoma would be associated with an excessive PD risk, independent of environmental risk factors for PD...

..Prospective studies are needed to elucidate whether elevated urinary 8-OHdG concentrations can predict the rate of cognitive decline and incident dementia...

..In conclusion, men with RLS are more likely to have concurrent PD. Prospective studies are warranted to clarify the temporal relationship between RLS and PD...

..Use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) in general, and possibly ibuprofen in particular, has been shown to be related to lower PD risk in previous epidemiologic studies...

..In the current review, we summarize recent findings to offer new insight into the pathogenesis of both conditions...

..Dopaminergic hypofunction in the central nervous system may contribute to restless legs syndrome (RLS) and erectile dysfunction (ED). We therefore examined whether men with RLS have higher prevalences of ED...

..In conclusion, infrequent bowel movements may antedate the onset of cardinal motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease and may contribute to the identification of populations with higher than average Parkinson's disease risk...

..Findings from this large, prospective study of men and women are consistent with a protective effect of caffeine intake on PD incidence, with an attenuating influence of HRT in women. © 2012 Movement Disorder Society...

..77 (95% CI: 0.41, 1.45; P trend: 0.87). Consumption of beer, wine, or liquor was also not associated with PD risk. The results of this large, prospective study do not support an association between alcohol intake and risk of PD...

..Further prospective studies using refined approaches to ascertainment of RLS and depression are warranted...

..Unlike in men, these findings do not support the hypothesis that urate is strongly associated with lower rates of Parkinson's disease among women...

..We hypothesized that Mexican-American adults following a traditional diet would have a lower prevalence of obesity than those following a more typical American diet...

..Longitudinal research is needed to determine if there is a causal pathway for these associations...

..The results did not differ significantly by gender. Our results do not provide evidence for a relationship between body mass index, weight change, waist circumference, or baseline diabetes and risk of Parkinson's disease...

..05 for all), although they had similar intakes. A large proportion of these elders (>90%) have inadequate intake of alpha-tocopherol, and plasma concentrations were associated with intake patterns...

..Careful selection of the highest vitamin E source foods within these groups could further increase the likelihood of meeting the current recommended daily allowance...

..In conclusion, higher sugar intake appears to be associated with lower cognitive function, but longitudinal studies are needed to clarify the direction of causality...

..Left-handedness was associated with a 62% increased risk of PD in women but not in men. Further investigation of the relation between prenatal, perinatal, or neonatal factors and PD in other study populations is suggested...

..These potential benefits, however, should be weighed against expected adverse effects on risk of gout and other chronic diseases...

..Our analysis suggests that following the 2005 FGP may be associated with lower energy and optimal nutrient intake. Careful restriction of discretionary calories appears necessary for appropriate energy intakes to be maintained...

..18, 95% CI: 0.73-1.92), frequency of use or duration of use of CCBs and PD risk was observed (P > 0.2 for all). These findings do not support a role for CCBs in providing neuroprotection against development of PD...

..2; P for interaction <0.01). Further research is needed to confirm causality of these associations and the observed difference by gender...

..In addition, greater physical activity and responsible sunlight exposure should be encouraged to promote vitamin D adequacy...

..If the inverse association between smoking and Parkinson's disease were due to confounding by an environmental factor or were the result of reverse causation, it is unlikely that parental smoking would predict Parkinson's disease...

..0001 for both). Women with restless legs syndrome have a higher prevalence of hypertension, and this prevalence increases with more frequent restless legs symptoms...

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..In conclusion, in this retrospective analysis in a large cohort of men, the authors observed that erectile dysfunction was associated with a higher risk of developing Parkinson's disease...

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..Several studies have shown associations between Parkinson Disease (PD) risk and individual foods and nutrients with inconsistent results...

..We examined associations between vitamin C intake and serum uric acid in men in a population-based study...

..The use of postmenopausal hormone use may interact with other risk factors, but findings are preliminary and need confirmation in other populations...

..We examined associations between television viewing and prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among a representative sample of Caribbean-origin Hispanic elders living in Massachusetts...

..Because both of these metabolites are known risk factors for CVD, these findings contribute to the evidence that a higher intake of fruit and vegetables may reduce the risk of CVD...

..the highest quartile 0.33; 95% confidence interval: 0.12-0.90). Our results suggest that, contrary to telomere attrition observed in several aging-related diseases, shorter telomeres are not associated with an increased risk of PD...

..Therefore, we prospectively examined whether RLS was associated with an increased risk of CHD in women who participated in the Nurses' Health Study, taking into account the duration of RLS symptoms...

..65 to 3.25; P > .2) for the highest versus lowest intake categories of calcium. CONCLUSIONS: High intake of dairy products and calcium may be associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer, although the increase appears to be small...

..Experimental data suggest sleep deprivation may impair host immunity. We sought to assess the effect of poor sleep on pneumonia risk...

..It has been hypothesized that these two diseases may share common genetic and environmental risk factors...

..Telomere length has been proposed as a marker of aging. However, our knowledge of lifestyle risk factors determining telomere length is limited...

..This result suggests that the imbalance may in some cases be an early sign of PD, and may represent the onset of motor symptoms although they have not been clinically recognized...

..Numerous studies have focused on the relationship between the 2 factors. However, to our knowledge, this association in Asian Americans has not been extensively studied...

..The association between smoking and the risk of skin cancer has not been well established...

..Dietary patterns appear to play an important role in the micronutrient and homocysteine status of these Chinese adults...

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