John V Frangioni

..5 nm resulted in rapid and efficient urinary excretion and elimination of quantum dots from the body. This study provides a foundation for the design and development of biologically targeted nanoparticles for biomedical applications...

..To what extent is the increasing emphasis on profit generation at US academic institutions shackling intellectual freedom and compromising healthcare?..

..We hypothesized that two independent wavelengths of near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent light could be used to identify bile ducts and hepatic arteries simultaneously, and intraoperatively...

..Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping in breast cancer requires optimized imaging systems and lymphatic tracers...

..We review the many contrast agents and detectors that have been proposed for stem cell tracking during clinical trials, define the characteristics of an ideal imaging technology, and suggest future directions for research...

..This review explores these emerging technologies and considers their potential impact on clinical care. Finally, those cancers that are currently difficult to image and quantify, such as ovarian cancer and acute leukemia, are discussed...

..Recent examples of in vivo near-infrared fluorescence imaging of animals and humans are presented, including imaging of normal and diseased vasculature, tissue perfusion, protease activity, hydroxyapatite and cancer...

..The FLARE imaging system overcomes this major obstacle...

..CONCLUSION: Near-infrared fluorescence imaging of sentinel lymph nodes is a novel and reliable intraoperative technique with the power to assist with identification and resection of esophageal sentinel lymph nodes...

..Our objective was to develop an optical noninvasive imaging tool that would permit intraoperative SLN mapping and provide real-time visual feedback for image-guided localization and resection...

..Furthermore, dose optimization of indocyanine green adsorbed to human serum albumin was performed...

..This study suggests a set of design rules for the clinical translation of targeted nanoparticles that can be eliminated through the kidneys...

..This technology overcomes the limitations of currently available methods, permits patient-specific imaging of lymphatic flow and sentinel nodes, and provides highly sensitive, real-time image-guided dissection...

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..Overall, this study lays the foundation for clinical translation of endogenous contrast imaging using SFDI...

..These results lay the foundation for the development of ideal nerve-highlighting fluorophores for image-guided surgery...

..Near-infrared fluorescence imaging is based on invisible NIR light and can provide high sensitivity, high-resolution, and real-time image guidance during surgery...

..With these optimized parameters that eliminate the necessity of HSA, larger trials can now be performed to determine patient benefit...

..Herein, we review current in vivo imaging techniques and future directions for tracking the effects of cell-based therapy...

..Such a system would permit instantaneous imaging of jeopardized myocardium and allow immediate, intraoperative corrective measures...

..Our hypothesis is that a near-infrared (NIR) fluorophore exhibiting uptake in insulinoma could provide high-sensitivity detection intraoperatively...

..We hypothesized that the combination of invisible near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent light and ex vivo injection could solve remaining problems of SLN mapping in colorectal cancer...

..The technology is likely to eliminate the need for radioactive and colored tracers, permits real-time image guidance throughout the procedure, and assists the pathologist in tissue analysis...

..In this study, the authors demonstrate the use of an intraoperative, near-infrared fluorescence imaging system for evaluation of perforator location and flap perfusion...

..This study also provides intraoperative feasibility and proof of the concept for identifying lymph nodes communicating with the pleural space on a patient-specific basis, in real-time, and with high sensitivity...

..Our objective was to determine whether methylene blue, already US Food and Drug Administration approved for other indications, has useful near-infrared fluorescence properties for image-guided cardiac surgery...

..In this article, we review our preclinical and clinical data, as well as literature describing the use of similar NIR fluorescence imaging systems in plastic and reconstructive surgery...

..Therefore, understanding its advantages and limitations is of significant importance. Although non-targeted and non-conjugatable, ICG appears to be laying the foundation for more widespread use of NIR fluorescence-guided surgery...

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..This animal model lays the foundation for the development of novel diagnostic radiotracers for breast cancer...

..We hypothesized that with an appropriate fluorophore and imaging system, invisible near-infrared (NIR) light could be used for image-guided procedures on the extrahepatic bile ducts...

..The technology we describe provides high-sensitivity real-time image guidance throughout perforator dissection, and permits patient-specific flap design...

..This study evaluates the predictive capability of near-infrared fluorescence angiography for flap survival in submental flap reconstruction...

..S. Food and Drug Administration for other indications, could be exploited for real-time, intra-operative identification of the ureters...

..We hypothesized that near-infrared fluorescent light could provide sensitive, real-time, high-resolution intraoperative imaging of thoracic duct anatomy and function...

..We discuss the importance of these findings for drug delivery, air pollution and carcinogenesis...

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..Sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) have been identified for solid organs and the pleural space. Our purpose was to determine whether the peritoneal space has a predictable lymph node drainage pattern...

..Our hypothesis was that near-infrared fluorescence imaging would enable visualization of the ureteral anatomy and flow intraoperatively and in real time...

..This gating device should help to enable the clinical translation of promising new optical imaging technologies...

..Quantitation by SPECT provides the "gold standard" by which NIR fluorescence tomography of breast cancer microcalcifications can now be compared and optimized...

..They contain a CdTe core, CdSe shell, and a highly anionic, oligomeric phosphine organic coating. We also describe how to utilize such QDs in animal model systems of SLN mapping...

..This review provides a theoretic and empiric framework for developing the next generation of diagnostic and therapeutic agents for lung cancer...

..The impact of the number of preserved perforator arteries on flap perfusion and venous drainage was quantified...

..Taken together, our study offers an alternative to laser diodes for clinical translation of FLi and explores the use of relatively low frequency modulation for in vivo imaging...

..In this study, we evaluate the feasibility of near infrared (NIR) imaging for real-time visualization of cardioplegia distribution in a porcine model...

..The aim of this study was to demonstrate feasibility of migration and in situ chemotherapy delivery to regional lymph nodes (LN) in a large animal model using an expansile polymer nanoparticle (eNP) delivery system...

..We found that varying PEG chain length resulted in major changes in organ/tissue-selective biodistribution and clearance from the body...

..When implanted subcutaneously in the flank of a mouse, only MRDs tuned to the resonant frequency of protons generated a measurable in vivo B(1) field. This study lays the foundation for a new class of solid-state contrast agents for MRI...

..Near-infrared light, with its superior tissue penetration and reduced scatter, could potentially solve this problem...

..The present pilot study investigated the ability of NIR imaging to assess the perfusion of vascularized bone flaps...

..The current study aims to optimize dosage and timing of ICG administration...

..Taken together, this study provides an in vivo "gold standard" for the development of calcification-specific contrast agents and a model system for studying the mechanism of breast cancer microcalcification...

..In conclusion, topically applied hyperosmotic agents are ineffective for image-guided surgery of living subjects...

..This preclinical study, performed on large animals approaching the size of humans, should serve as a foundation for future clinical studies...

..We also discuss chemical strategies for improving performance even further. Taken together, this study describes nearly complete preclinical development of an optically based small-molecule contrast agent for image-guided surgery...

..Radioscintigraphic imaging during sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping could potentially improve localization; however, parallel-hole collimators have certain limitations. In this study, we explored the use of coded aperture (CA) collimators...

..Taken together, our study should expedite the development of disease-targeted, multimodality diagnostic and therapeutic agents...

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..0 mW/cm2 of 760 nm NIR fluorescence excitation light over a 15 cm diameter field of view. Using this light source, we demonstrated NIR fluorescence-guided surgery in a large-animal model...

..These data lay the foundation for employing structured light for quantitative imaging during surgery...

..We demonstrate how these phantoms can be used to calibrate and compare imaging systems, and to train surgeons to operate under NIR fluorescence image guidance...

..It is now possible to study the earliest events associated with vascular mineralization, at the cell and organ level, and to monitor the process in living animals...

..We developed a novel animal model system to study the molecular mechanisms of TSC/LAM pathogenesis and tumorigenesis and provide a platform for drug testing...

..Finally, we report the unique in vivo properties of ZW800-1 in large animals approaching the size of humans, thus laying the foundation for rapid clinical translation of these methods...

..In this study, the authors demonstrate the use of near-infrared fluorescence angiography to directly quantify normal and abnormal perfusion in perforator flaps...

..However, highly charged ligands are difficult to label with 99mTc and to purify. In this study, we present an adamantane-trimerized small molecule that has nanomolar binding to PSMA and also has 12 negative charges...

..FM fluorophores could be used for image-guided surgery to assist in the removal of intervertebral disk and lay the foundation for derivatives for magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography...

..Our study lays the foundation for improved encoderless combinatorial chemistry...

..This imaging system may prove useful for the refinement of revascularization techniques, and for the administration of cardiac gene therapy...

..Taken together, our data should prove useful in designing fluorescent QD contrast agents optimized for specific biomedical applications...

..With promising preclinical results in many applications directly applicable to thoracic oncology, it is possible that the frontiers of minimally invasive thoracic surgery will eventually be explored at the nanoscale...

..Taken together, these contrast agents create a system for the identification and control of obscure GI bleeding...

..In addition, an amino group at the fourth bridgehead position provides a flexible linker for attachment of effector molecules such as contrast agents, radiotracers, or cytotoxins without interfering with the cell binding process...

..The model used Pam78, a near-infrared fluorescent contrast agent specific for hydroxyapatite. The potential usefulness of the model for developing similar contrast agents for magnetic resonance and other imaging modalities is discussed...

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..Taken together, BAT perfusion can now be measured noninvasively using NIR fluorescent light, and pharmacological modulators of thermogenesis can be screened at relatively high throughput in living animals...

..Furthermore, we show that a PI3K inhibitor can mimic the effects of class 1A PI3K loss, which suggests that targeting class 1A PI3K may be a promising therapy for blocking tumor angiogenesis...

..Taken together, this system of vectors should facilitate the development of phage display-derived peptides into useful biomolecules...

..This study also demonstrates an intraoperative method for identifying nodes communicating with the pleural space, with potential utility in the staging and/or resection of lung cancer and mesothelioma...

..Taken together, the chemical, optical and in vivo data presented in this study demonstrate the potential of near-infrared quantum dots for biomedical imaging...

..The biological utility of these fluorescent probes resulted from our intentional choice to match the semiconductor material and water-soluble ligand with a desired final hydrodynamic diameter and emission wavelength...

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..This study was performed to determine the utility of invisible, near-infrared fluorescent (NIRF) light for patient-specific SLN mapping, in real time under complete image guidance...

..01) in the left ventricular wall and 0.91 +/- 0.1 vs. 0.66 +/- 0.07 ng (P </= 0.05) in the right ventricular wall. PAMGT with selective coronary venous blockade is feasible, reproducible, and safely achieved in a large-animal model...

..These NIR-emitting core/shell/shell InAs(x)P(1-x)/InP/ZnSe were successfully used in a sentinel lymph node mapping experiment...

..More than ever, it has become clear to scientists and clinicians that parallel developments in cell-based therapies and in vivo imaging modalities will strengthen this blossoming field...

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..We believe that bladder cancer-specific, low-molecular weight ligands will someday be clinically useful reagents for improved detection and guided therapy of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. ..

..Taken together, this BRP application describes an academic/industrial partnership engineered for successful translation of a general-purpose optical imaging technology to the clinic. ..

..With the completion of these studies, we foresee being able to solve major clinical problems in reconstructive surgery using real-time, intraoperative objective assessment. ..

..This study also leverages a unique prostate cancer tissue bank that provides paired DCE-MRI and histological whole mounts from individual prostate cancer patients. ..

..Successful completion of the specific aims in this application will ensure that a novel optical imaging technology for image-guided surgical interventions is translated efficiently to the clinic. ..

..With the completion of these studies, we foresee being able to solve major clinical problems in reconstructive surgery using real-time, intraoperative objective assessment. ..

..We believe that prostate- specific, low-molecular weight ligands will someday be clinically useful reagents for improved prostate cancer detection and guided therapy. ..

..If completed, the specific aims of this proposal will generate a clinically useful set of contrast agents, and a more complete understanding of the in vivo behavior of fluorescent semiconductor nanocrystals. ..

..Thus, this single investment in the densely-populated LMA would fulfill the goal of PAR-05-124 by having a "significant impact on biomedical/behavioral research and contribute to the advancement of human health." ..

..Taken together, this BRP application describes an academic/industrial partnership engineered for successful translation of a general-purpose optical imaging technology to the clinic. ..

..The goal of this grant is to develop a new class of ideal near-infrared fluorophores that can be injected into the bloodstream. These fluorophores would "stick" to tumors and other diseased tissue, but not to normal tissue. ..