Eric Garshick

..Key words: diesel exhaust, lung cancer, occupational exposure...

..However, a relationship of adult respiratory disease with exposure to vehicular traffic has not been established...

..Occupational exposure to dusts may result in chronic respiratory symptoms...

..An association between diesel exhaust exposure and lung cancer mortality in a large retrospective cohort study of US railroad workers has previously been reported. However, specific information regarding cigarette smoking was unavailable...

..Chest illnesses commonly cause morbidity in persons with chronic spinal cord injury. Risk factors remain poorly characterized because previous studies have not accounted for factors other than spinal cord injury...

..To characterize determinants of lung volumes in chronic spinal cord injury (SCI)...

..To assess clinical determinants of systemic inflammation in persons with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI)...

..Few studies have directly assessed the association of secondhand smoke (SHS) with cardiovascular disease-related inflammatory markers, and the findings are inconsistent...

..To evaluate the precision of dual energy x-ray absorptiometry scanning at 2 skeletal sites at the knee (proximal femur and distal tibia) in people with SCI...

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..Interpretation of these studies specifically implicating diesel exhaust as a carcinogen has been limited because of limited exposure measurements and lack of work records relating job title to exposure-related job duties...

..To evaluate the relationship between systemic inflammation and pulmonary function in persons with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI)...

..Although respiratory dysfunction is common in chronic spinal cord injury (SCI), determinants of longitudinal change in FEV(1) and FVC have not been assessed...

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..Circulatory and respiratory system illnesses are leading causes of death in patients with chronic SCI, yet risk factors for related hospitalizations have not been characterized...

..Additionally, two studies have observed higher risks in individuals with occupational dust, gas, or fume exposure...

..In conclusion, although precise historical estimates of exposure are not available, weighting factors helped better define the exposure-response relationship of diesel exhaust with lung cancer mortality...

..Although the smoking rate in the United States is declining because of an increase of smoke-free laws, among blue-collar workers it remains higher than that among many other occupational groups...

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..In SCI, FEV(1), FVC, and FEV(1)/FVC may be less sensitive to factors associated with change in airway size and not reliably detect the severity of airflow obstruction...

..Occupational and population-based studies have related exposure to fine particulate air pollution, and specifically particulate matter from vehicle exhausts, to cardiovascular diseases and lung cancer...

..Low intrasubject variation was found in free-living physical activity, which is significantly associated with clinical measures of COPD status...

..Our study also suggests that an assessment of methods to control for smoking should be considered in the design of retrospective occupational health studies...

..To optimize HRQL, clinicians should pay attention to a number of clinical and physiological factors...

..However, many have been limited to city-specific average pollution measures or spatial or land-use regression exposure models in small geographic areas...

..The accuracy declines in subjects with COPD based on walking speed. Prior to using the ActiHealth accelerometer, researchers and clinicians should assess walking speed and percent step capture in each subject...

..Further study is needed to assess whether this risk is observed after exposure to exhaust from later-generation diesel engines with modern emission controls...

..This distribution overlaps substantially with the general public's exposure to these sources...

..Conclusions: Lung cancer mortality in trucking industry workers increased in association with cumulative exposure to EC after adjusting for negative confounding by employment duration...

..Therefore, we assessed whether these factors were associated with HRQoL in SCI using an SCI-specific HRQoL questionnaire...

..These findings support a dual role for sclerostin after SCI: a therapeutic target in acute SCI, and a biomarker of osteoporosis severity in chronic SCI...

..To assess the prevalence of shoulder pain and its association with the use of assistive devices for mobility in persons with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI)...

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..Recently described but not yet available for general use is activation of the abdominal muscles via an epidural electrode placed at spinal cord level T9-L1...

..In this preliminary study, an Internet-mediated walking program using the Omron significantly increased step counts in COPD...

..To develop and test a prototype dyspnea computer adaptive test (CAT)...

..5) was low (</= 50 mug/m(3)). It is therefore important to account for personal and secondhand smoke exposure while assessing occupational and environmental PM...

..This study sought to characterize the diagnosis and management practices within the VA health care system for osteoporosis following SCI...

..Evidence suggests that fine particulate air pollution results in oxidative induced tissue damage...

..Baseline values for daily step counts in US adults with COPD and knowledge of its accurate measurement, natural change over time, and independent relationships with measures of COPD severity are limited...

..7 (95% confidence interval: 1.1, 2.6). Health agencies in India should note the association of elevated blood lead levels with anemia and make further efforts to curb lead pollution and childhood anemia...

..Women physicians must consider many conflicting issues when timing childbirth. We characterized maternity leave, breast-feeding practices and satisfaction associated with pregnancy timing in women urologists...

..06, 95% confidence interval = 1.24-3.43). CONCLUSION: Alcohol use at time of SCI is a risk factor for cervical injury. This finding is of public health concern and should be included in alcohol educational programs...

..The modification of spirometry testing standards to include efforts with EBEV and with a 0.5-s plateau if < 6 s would reduce the potential for bias...

..Given the persistence of pesticides in the environment, these findings are still relevant today...

..These results indicate that exposure to vehicle-related PAH emissions on Mexico City's roadways may present an important public health risk...

..4 +/- 9.5% for the terminal yard samples. A relatively consistent mobile source impact was present at all the terminals only when considering percentage of total OC concentrations, not in terms of absolute concentrations...

..5 and OC concentrations in both the area and personal exposure concentrations. However, significant correlations between the PM2.5 and EC concentrations and between the OC and EC concentrations were not identified...