Marian L Neuhouser

..CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians should be aware that men and women differ considerably in their use of CAM, which may reflect differences in their psychological needs as they cope with their cancer diagnosis and treatment...

..Further research using new dietary databases for food flavonoid content is needed to confirm these findings before specific public health recommendations about flavonoids can be formulated...

..4 g/day (P = 0.053). Our results suggest that diets high in fiber may benefit breast cancer survivors via reductions in systemic inflammation; elevated inflammation may be prognostic for reduced survival...

..Little is known about vitamin D status, assessed by serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], and its relationship to breast density in breast cancer survivors...

..Calibrated energy and body mass index associations were highly interdependent. Implications for the interpretation of nutritional epidemiology studies are described...

..To examine the association between breast cancer risk and the fatty acid composition of phospholipids in prediagnostic serum samples...

..A diet low in fat and red meat and high in protein and vegetables, as well as regular alcohol consumption, may reduce the risk of symptomatic BPH...

..06, 95% CI: 0.78, 1.43). Adjusting for health and lifestyle characteristics has differential effects depending on the cancer site; when modeling such relations, investigators should take these factors into account...

..Self-report of dietary energy and protein intakes has been shown to be systematically and differentially underreported...

..Little is known about vitamin D status in breast cancer survivors. This issue is important because vitamin D influences pathways related to carcinogenesis...

..High intake of n-6 fatty acids, through their effects on inflammation and oxidative stress, may increase prostate cancer risk...

..Among women not using tamoxifen, fat intake was not associated with hormone concentrations. Further work is needed to confirm the findings and to understand the clinical implications of these observations...

..Dietary intake of fiber, carbohydrate, glycemic index (GI), and glycemic load (GL) may influence breast cancer survival, but consistent and convincing evidence is lacking...

..To examine whether androgen receptor (AR) CAG repeat length was associated with the risk of incident benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)...

..CARET only included smokers, so findings reported here may not apply to nonsmokers. Our results are consistent with other studies suggesting that dietary supplements may influence prostate cancer risk...

..Genetic or environmental factors that affect the activity of 5-alpha-reductase may be important in the development of symptomatic BPH...

..In addition, these results suggest that the timing of smoking cessation is a possible teachable moment for food and nutrition professionals...

..82; interleukin 6: OR = 1.79, 95% CI: 1.32, 2.42); these associations were only in men aged <65 years. Results suggest that systemic inflammation or lower levels of soluble receptors that bind inflammatory cytokines increase BPH risk...

..48, 95% CI: 0.27, 0.84). The study findings are contrary to those expected from the pro- and antiinflammatory effects of these fatty acids and suggest a greater complexity of effects of these nutrients with regard to prostate cancer risk...

..1% for energy; 20.3%, 32.7%, and 28.4% for protein; and 8.7%, 14.4%, and 10.4% for protein density. Calibration equations using any of the assessment procedures may yield suitable consumption estimates for epidemiologic study purposes...

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..Our novel finding is that the C-peptide-associated risk was attenuated by use of finasteride...

..We examined whether adiponectin, leptin, and C-peptide were associated with incident, symptomatic BPH and whether these factors mediate the relationship between obesity and BPH risk...

..This study provides the strongest evidence to date that BPH does not increase the risk of prostate cancer...

..In conclusion, both the household inventory and the popular 5 A Day measure were poor indicators of fruit and vegetable intake in this sample of ethnically diverse rural women...

..Inflammatory status may be an important prognostic factor for breast cancer. Correlates of markers of inflammation in breast cancer survivors have not been thoroughly evaluated...

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..It also modestly increases serum testosterone (T), estrone (E(1)), and estradiol (E(2)). In this altered hormonal milieu, it is unknown whether serum concentrations of these hormones are associated with prostate cancer risk...

..Studying gene-environment interactions may provide insight about mechanisms underpinning the reported association between chromosome 15q24-25.1 variation and lung cancer susceptibility...

..The authors confirm the existence of systematic bias in dietary self-reports and provide methods of correcting for measurement error...

..Further studies in larger and more diverse populations are needed to fully understand the potential of this novel intervention approach...

..We provide a framework for doing collaborative research in an international setting structured around a common theme of a clinical trial...

..In conclusion, among current smokers, both high serum α- and γ-tocopherol concentrations were associated with reduced risks of aggressive prostate cancer. The α-tocopherol-associated risks are modified by polymorphism in MPO G-463A...

..the high GL diet (P = 0.04 and P = 0.05, respectively). In summary, reducing GL, and/or increasing fiber, may be an effective way to lower calories consumed, improve energy balance, and ultimately reduce cancer risk...

..06). In conclusion, carbohydrate quality, independent of energy, is important. Dietary patterns emphasizing low-GL foods may improve the inflammatory and adipokine profiles of overweight and obese individuals...

..To examine associations of diet with acculturation among Hispanic immigrants from Mexico to Washington state and to compare dietary patterns of Hispanic with non-Hispanic white residents...

..Lycopene has been promoted for prostate cancer prevention, despite the inconsistency of scientific evidence...

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..If other behaviors do change with increasing physical activity, this would complicate interpretation of differences in study outcomes in exercise intervention trials...

..Nutrition plays an important role in metabolic syndrome etiology. We examined whether the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) Dietary Modification Trial influenced metabolic syndrome risk...

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..The Women's Health Initiative Dietary Modification (DM) Trial was a randomized controlled trial that compared the effects of a low-fat (≤20% of total energy) or a usual diet in relation to chronic disease risk in postmenopausal women...

..To examine associations of biomarkers of nutrient intake with overall diet quality...

..In conclusion, high serum levels of IGF-1 and the IGF-1/IGFBP-3 ratio were associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality in women with breast cancer. These results need to be confirmed in larger breast cancer survivor cohorts...

..AMACR is also a tumor tissue biomarker over-expressed in PCa. In this study, we explored the potential relationship between AMACR polymorphisms, red meat/dairy intake, and PCa risk...

..42, 95% CI = 0.25-0.70). Our findings suggest that associations of dietary fat with prostate cancer risk may vary by type of fat or fat-containing food, and that risk may vary by host factors, including family history and smoking...

..Low concentrations of circulating vitamin D are common with obesity and may represent a potential mechanism explaining the elevated risk of certain cancers and cardiovascular outcomes observed in individuals who are overweight or obese...

..These data suggest higher protein intake is not associated with impaired renal function among postmenopausal women without a diagnosis of chronic kidney disease...

..However, food records are considered unsuitable for large studies due to the need to train participants and to review and correct completed records...

..This study aimed to determine the prevalence of sarcopenia and examine whether sarcopenia was associated with overall and breast-cancer-specific mortality in a cohort of women diagnosed with breast cancer (stages I-IIIA)...

..Both strategies recruited nearly equal percentages of African Americans. These data suggest that different strategies are needed to effectively recruit racial/ethnic population subgroups into intervention studies...

..Design/subjects Telephone interviews of a population-based sample of 126 breast, 114 prostate, and 116 colorectal cancer patients from the state of Washington...

..We examined risk factors for incident symptomatic benign prostate hyperplasia in 5,667 Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial placebo arm participants who were free of benign prostatic hyperplasia at baseline...

..To evaluate the association between protein intake and incident frailty...

..Therefore, we decided to examine associations between multivitamin use and risk of cancer, CVD, and mortality in postmenopausal women...

..The link between poor nutritional status and impaired immune function is well established; however, most studies have focused on individual nutrients instead of overall dietary patterns...

..However, persons who use beta-carotene supplements do not benefit from the protective compounds in plant foods...

..The BSQ can be used by nutrition researchers and practitioners to accurately evaluate student consumption of foods that are the focus of school nutrition policies...

..These efforts should specifically aim to increase fruit/ vegetable consumption and regular physical activity. Future efforts to increase cholesterol testing should focus on recent immigrants...

..We examined the feasibility of using gene expression changes in human prostate epithelium as a measure of response to a dietary intervention...

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..Practitioners working with immigrants should determine the degree to which dietary counseling should be focused on maintaining traditional eating habits, adopting the healthful aspects of eating in Western countries, or both...

..Associations of plasma isoflavone concentrations with other dietary behaviors suggest that these compounds may serve as biomarkers of health behaviors in populations with low soy consumption...

..Obesity increases the risk of high-grade but decreases the risk of low-grade prostate cancer, and this relationship is independent of the lower risk for prostate cancer among men with diabetes...

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..DESIGN, LOCATION, SUBJECTS: Telephone survey of 356 patients with colon, breast, or prostate cancer identified from the population-based Cancer Surveillance System of western Washington...

..We assessed scales of psychosocial factors and dietary habits related to vegetable consumption and examined associations of these scales with vegetable intake...

..The augmentation of this FFQ database with GI and GL values will enable etiologic investigations of GI and GL with numerous disease outcomes in the WHI and other epidemiologic studies that utilize this FFQ...

..Future research would benefit from collaborative efforts among governmental scientists, academic scientists and industry to improve dietary supplement data collection methods and develop appropriate tools for analysis...

..Folate is an essential B-vitamin that mediates one-carbon metabolism reactions, including nucleotide synthesis and others related to carcinogenesis. Both low- and high-folate status influences carcinogenesis...

..Socioeconomic status is explored as a predictor of differences between Hispanics and non-Hispanic Whites in cancer prevention behavior...

..4% increase in serum lutein concentration. Notably, however, the amount of variance in serum concentration that is explained by demographic characteristics, health-related behaviors and lifestyle factors remains substantial...

..This report gives associations of olestra consumption (in savory snacks) with changes in nutrient intake, serum lipid concentrations, and body weight 1 y after these snacks became available nationally in the United States...

..This report describes the prevalence of nutrition label use and its association with demographic, behavioral, and psychological factors and diet among African-American adults...

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..These findings suggest that higher iron intake may be associated with risk of clinically aggressive prostate cancer, and that endogenous antioxidant capabilities may modify these associations...

..Development of this database linked to an FFQ provides a means of estimating polyamine intake and contributes to investigations relating polyamines to cancer...