B Movsas

..Future strategies include novel chemotherapy, methods to reduce toxicity, the emerging role of neoadjuvant therapy, and the promise of new biologic agents...

..To quantify the extent of neuronal cell loss imparted to the brain by means of radiation therapy through the decline of the amino acid derivative N-acetylaspartate (NAA) by using proton (hydrogen 1) magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy...

..Future studies should focus on incorporating QOL into phase III studies with clear hypotheses that can ultimately lead to clinically meaningful interventions...

..Future strategies include novel chemotherapy, methods to reduce toxicity, the emerging role of neoadjuvant therapy, and the promise of new biologic agents...

..For the first time, a lung Patterns of Care Study was conducted to determine the national patterns of radiation (RT) practice in patients treated for nonmetastatic lung cancer in 1998 to 1999...

..The future challenge will be to translate QOL results into clinically meaningful interventions...

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..The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of age, histology, Karnofsky performance status (KPS), and specific toxicities on the median survival time (MST) and quality-adjusted survival (QTime) for each treatment strategy...

..The purpose of this study was to analyze the extent of hypoxia in prostate carcinoma tumors using the Eppendorf pO(2) microelectrode and correlate this with pretreatment characteristics and prognostic factors...

..78). In conclusion, the use of the mMLC for IMRT of the prostate resulted in significant improvement in the DVH parameters of the prostate and critical organs, which may improve the therapeutic ratio...

..To determine the national surgical practice patterns of care for operable lung cancer patients treated with radiation...

..The importation of MRI data into three-dimensional treatment planning is therefore crucial to accurate tumor localization. The fusion process simplifies and improves precision of this task...

..To test the ability of the cytoprotectant, amifostine, to reduce chemoradiotherapy-induced esophagitis and evaluate its influence on quality of life (QOL) and swallowing symptoms...

..CONCLUSIONS: Escalation of RT dose reduced the rates of BF, DM, and OM significantly in patients with prostate cancer. The inclusion of YOT had a pronounced effect on these correlations that may confound interpretation...

..05 mm, and they were not statistically significant. The random errors (one standard deviation) were from 0.35 mm (lateral) to 0.58 mm (vertical). The average value of the combined 3D difference was 0.75 mm...

..Our study assessed consolidation with either gemcitabine alone or with docetaxel after identical chemoradiation as used in Southwest Oncology Group 9504...

..These data suggest that the primary tumor takes precedence over lymph node coverage or the use of STAD. Doses >70 Gy are of paramount importance in such intermediate- and high-risk patients...

..Sagittal MRI scans were acquired immediately before and after a localization urethrogram to determine the extent of displacement...

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..The purpose of RTOG 97-12 was to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of thoracic radiation therapy (RT) with concurrent chemotherapy for patients with limited-stage small-cell lung cancer...

..To identify factors significantly influencing accrual to clinical protocols by analyzing radiation Patterns of Care Study (PCS) surveys of 3,047 randomly selected radiotherapy (RT) patients...

..Biologic therapies such as erlotinib and bevacizumab have been incorporated into every phase of chemotherapy with good results...

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..She remains alive and recurrence-free 7 years following the diagnosis of her second intracranial malignancy...

..The results of our study further support the exploration of antiangiogenesis strategies for the treatment of human prostate cancer...

..The P/M PO2 ratio was the strongest predictor for biochemical control on stepwise multivariate analysis. Longer follow up with more patients is planned to confirm this result...

..These issues are to be addressed in a randomized phase II trial of amifostine given subcutaneously or via intravenous bolus in non-small cell lung cancer patients undergoing chemoradiation treatment...

..To develop and evaluate a technique and procedure of using gated-CT images in combination with PET image to determine the internal target volume (ITV), which could reduce the planning target volume (PTV) with adequate target coverage...

..To determine the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT), also known as radiosurgery, in patients with head-and-neck cancers...

..This study aimed to quantify the incidental dose to the potential CTV under different SBRT techniques...

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..We investigated the toxicity, response rate, and overall survival (OS) with induction carboplatin and vinorelbine followed by concomitant topotecan and ART in patients with locally advanced/unresectable NSCLC...

..Understanding the interaction between gender and performance status could lead to better prognosticators and potentially could tailor interventions for specific groups of patients with lung cancer...

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..The purpose of the current analysis was to validate the RPA classes with a new dataset (RTOG 90-06), determine the predictive power of the RPA classes, and establish the usefulness of the database norms for the RPA classes...

..To assess how fraction size impacts lung radiation toxicity and therapeutic ratio in treatment of lung cancers...

..Superior sulcus tumors are discussed elsewhere in these guidelines...

..The objective of the current study was to examine whether emotional well-being predicted survival in a large sample of patients with head and neck cancer who were participating in multicenter clinical trials...

..The aims of this study were to evaluate the factors contributing to errors in the treatment of cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy and to develop a grading system that allows for the comparison of errors...

..Adjuvant therapy (both chemotherapy and radiation therapy) and the use of larger fractions of radiotherapy delivered to a smaller area for nonoperative treatment of early stage NSCLC have shown promising results...

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..To determine the feasibility of combining concurrent carboplatin/paclitaxel and thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) for completely resected stage II and IIIA non-small cell lung cancer...

..The dosimetry and acute toxicity are described in the first 100 men enrolled in a randomized trial...

..This study evaluated whether males without partners were disadvantaged for survival in Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) head and neck cancer clinical trials...

..6 months in advanced NSCLC (Jagasia et al.; Clinical Cancer Research 7: 68, 2001). A weekly schedule for each agent (versus less frequent doses) limits toxicity and increases the opportunity for radiosensitization...

..A meta-analysis was conducted to determine the influence of gender, race, and marital status on overall survival (OS) in Radiation Therapy Oncology Group nonoperative non-small cell lung cancer trials...

..It is strongly suggested that severe hypoxia in the prostates of certain patients limits the overall cancer cure rate by conventional radiation therapy...

..The focus of this work is to develop a practical planning method that results in increased dose conformity and reduced treatment time for segmental multileaf collimation (sMLC) based intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) delivery...

..To quantify the dosimetric consequences of external patient contour distortions produced on low-field and high-field MRIs for external beam radiation of prostate cancer...

..continuous smokers exhibited a significantly lower level of risk perceptions than continuous abstainers. These findings can be useful for the development and evaluation of treatments to promote smoking cessation among cancer patients...

..We examined reasons patients provide for declining smoking treatment and compared treatment decliners to enrollees...

..These findings can help guide the development of smoking cessation interventions for cancer patients...

..However, little evidence is available to show that BF is associated with death for patents with prostate cancer treated with radiotherapy. We examined the relationship between BF and death from prostate cancer...

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..A rigid frame system serves as a reliable alignment reference in terms of repositioning patients into the planning position, while skin-based reference showed larger deviations in repositioning patients...

..ASCO 2000;19:484a; Furuse. JCO 1999;17:2692-9; Zatloukal. ASCO 2002;A-1159]. Data are less secure regarding the role of chemotherapy in stage I and II NSCLC...

..We reviewed our experience with multimodality therapy for superior sulcus tumors to identify aspects of treatment that impact survival...

..In summary, advances in radiation oncology have led to significant gains in prostate cancer control. Clinical prognostic factor-based patient selection is central to the optimization of outcome...

..This study examines the importance of the MMSE in predicting outcome in a group of patients treated with an accelerated fractionation regimen of 30 Gy in 10 daily fractions in 2 weeks...

..A CT simulator is ideally suited for simulation of lung cancer to maximize the clearance from the spinal cord and minimize the additional lung volume irradiated. Int. J. Cancer (Radiat. Oncol. Invest.) 90, 359-365 (2000)...

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..More patients will be accrued to this study to ultimately correlate the oxygenation status in prostate carcinoma tumors with treatment outcome...

..The overall uncertainty of the mask system was +/-4 mm, and the reproducibility was +/-2.9 mm in terms of 95% CI. The study demonstrated that the image guidance system provides accurate and precise target positioning...

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..To determine the effects of the prescription depth, cylinder size, treatment length, tip space, and curved end on high-dose-rate vaginal brachytherapy (HDR-VBT) of endometrial cancer...

..We report an interesting case of a malignant meningioma that invaded through the skull in the frontal sinus that later metastasized to the left lung with multiple pulmonary and pleural nodules...

..The Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) therefore mounted a Phase II study to determine the feasibility and efficacy of conventional EBRT and concurrent weekly TAX at its MTD...

..Amifostine is a cytoprotector that can reduce toxicity and potentially improve the therapeutic ratio of radiotherapy...

..In addition the database is web-based and accessible by multiple users, facilitating its convenient application and use...

..To determine if physician prediction of survival duration (PSD) is accurate for patients with metastatic breast or prostate cancer...

..Brainstem lesions occurred earlier than temporal lobe RI. The majority of the RI lesions, not mixed with the tumor in this study, showed radiographic and clinical improvement with steroid and symptomatic treatments...

..To determine the added value of quality of life (QOL) as a prognostic factor for overall survival (OS) in patients with locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated on Radiation Therapy Oncology Group RTOG-9801...

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..In the future, patients might receive individually tailored therapy based upon unique molecular-genetic alterations of the tumor...

..The current challenge is to understand better the clinical relevance of QOL research in oncology. QOL studies should focus on phase III trials with clear hypotheses that can lead to clinically meaningful interventions...

..Preventive strategies to minimize this toxicity also are explored. Overall, this article reviews the current understanding of radiation toxicity for the esophagus...

..Much work lies ahead. Nevertheless, for the time being, these studies provide hope that gene therapy may someday earn a place in the management of prostate cancer...

..In the clinical applications, registrations starting with the mutual information followed by the gradient difference may provide the best accuracy and the most robustness...

..The impact of image noise on the performance of the algorithm has been tested. The results show that the algorithm accurately adjusts for target positional changes even with Gaussian noise levels as high as 20% inserted...

..The purpose of this analysis was to determine the percentage of cases in which a previously undetected radiographic finding was found on review of CT simulation images by diagnostic radiology...

..These strategies are discussed within the context of models and guidelines for smoking cessation in clinical practice...

..This study compared patients treated with hyperfractionated radiation and 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) to standard fractionation and BCNU...

..The surface and in vivo doses were also measured for phantoms at the central-axis setup. The difference was less than approximately 12% to the table-drop setup...

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..The purpose of this analysis was to assess the impact of pretreatment factors on quality of life (QOL) in cancer patients...

..Based on these data, the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) initiated a Phase III trial to test the efficacy of beta-interferon in poor-risk patients with Stages IIIA and IIIB non-small-cell lung carcinoma...

..The purpose of this phase II study was to prospectively determine the efficacy of preoperative chemoradiation with a hyperfractionated (Hfx) RT boost to 61.8 Gy in locally advanced rectal cancer...

..Radiation Therapy Oncology Group protocol 85-31 was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of adjuvant androgen suppression, using goserelin, in unfavorable prognosis carcinoma of the prostate treated with definitive radiotherapy (RT)...

..To examine the dosimetric impact of margin reduction and quantify residual error after three-dimensional (3D) image registration using daily cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) for prostate cancer patients...

..This article reviews current recommendations regarding the staging of patients with NSCLC and addresses the role of PET/CT...

..This secondary analysis of 156 patients examined neurocognitive and quality of life (QOL) outcomes...

..Studies with sufficient statistical power to address this question are lacking...

..To compare whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT) with WBRT combined with thalidomide for patients with brain metastases not amenable to resection or radiosurgery...

..The objective of this report is to provide a historical overview of and the issues and challenges inherent in the incorporation of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) into multinational cancer clinical trials in the cancer cooperative groups...