Bruce Budowle

Summary

Affiliation: Federal Bureau of Investigation
Country: USA

Publications

  1. ncbi Forensic aspects of mass disasters: strategic considerations for DNA-based human identification
    Bruce Budowle
    Federal Bureau of Investigation Laboratory, 2501 Investigation Parkway, Quantico, VA 22135, USA
    Leg Med (Tokyo) 7:230-43. 2005
  2. ncbi Bruce Budowle profile. FBI's top scientist takes the lead in forensic biology
    Martin Enserink
    Science 300:41-3. 2003
  3. ncbi Toward a system of microbial forensics: from sample collection to interpretation of evidence
    Bruce Budowle
    Federal Bureau of Investigation, Laboratory Division, 2501 Investigation Pkwy, Quantico, VA 22135, USA
    Appl Environ Microbiol 71:2209-13. 2005
  4. ncbi Partial matches in heterogeneous offender databases do not call into question the validity of random match probability calculations
    Bruce Budowle
    FBI Laboratory, 2501 Investigation Parkway, Quantico, VA 22135, USA
    Int J Legal Med 123:59-63. 2009
  5. ncbi Null allele sequence structure at the DYS448 locus and implications for profile interpretation
    Bruce Budowle
    Laboratory Division, FBI, Quantico, VA, 22135, USA
    Int J Legal Med 122:421-7. 2008
  6. ncbi The Microbial Rosetta Stone Database: a compilation of global and emerging infectious microorganisms and bioterrorist threat agents
    David J Ecker
    Ibis Therapeutics, 1891 Rutherford Rd, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA
    BMC Microbiol 5:19. 2005
  7. ncbi Genetic analysis and attribution of microbial forensics evidence
    Bruce Budowle
    FBI Laboratory, Quantico, Virginia 22135, USA
    Crit Rev Microbiol 31:233-54. 2005
  8. ncbi HIV legal precedent useful for microbial forensics
    Bruce Budowle
    FBI Laboratory, 2501 Investigation Parkway, Quantico, VA 22135, USA
    Croat Med J 46:514-21. 2005
  9. ncbi Recommendations for animal DNA forensic and identity testing
    Bruce Budowle
    FBI Laboratory, 2501 Investigation Parkway, Quantico, VA 22135, USA
    Int J Legal Med 119:295-302. 2005
  10. ncbi Microbial forensics: the next forensic challenge
    Bruce Budowle
    Laboratory Division, FBI, Quantico, VA 22135, USA
    Int J Legal Med 119:317-30. 2005

Collaborators

Detail Information

Publications73

  1. ncbi Forensic aspects of mass disasters: strategic considerations for DNA-based human identification
    Bruce Budowle
    Federal Bureau of Investigation Laboratory, 2501 Investigation Parkway, Quantico, VA 22135, USA
    Leg Med (Tokyo) 7:230-43. 2005
    ..Therefore, developing a missing persons DNA identification program would also provide the basis for a mass disaster human remains DNA identification program...
  2. ncbi Bruce Budowle profile. FBI's top scientist takes the lead in forensic biology
    Martin Enserink
    Science 300:41-3. 2003
  3. ncbi Toward a system of microbial forensics: from sample collection to interpretation of evidence
    Bruce Budowle
    Federal Bureau of Investigation, Laboratory Division, 2501 Investigation Pkwy, Quantico, VA 22135, USA
    Appl Environ Microbiol 71:2209-13. 2005
  4. ncbi Partial matches in heterogeneous offender databases do not call into question the validity of random match probability calculations
    Bruce Budowle
    FBI Laboratory, 2501 Investigation Parkway, Quantico, VA 22135, USA
    Int J Legal Med 123:59-63. 2009
    ..Defined population data, which are sufficiently abundant, have already demonstrated the validity of the basic assumptions of DNA forensic statistical assumptions...
  5. ncbi Null allele sequence structure at the DYS448 locus and implications for profile interpretation
    Bruce Budowle
    Laboratory Division, FBI, Quantico, VA, 22135, USA
    Int J Legal Med 122:421-7. 2008
    ..The presence of null alleles is not a real concern for interpretation of Y STR loci evidence; current methods for interpreting Y STR profiles easily accommodate such phenomena...
  6. ncbi The Microbial Rosetta Stone Database: a compilation of global and emerging infectious microorganisms and bioterrorist threat agents
    David J Ecker
    Ibis Therapeutics, 1891 Rutherford Rd, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA
    BMC Microbiol 5:19. 2005
    ..This ambiguity can be a significant block to effective communication among the diverse communities that must deal with epidemics or bioterrorist attacks...
  7. ncbi Genetic analysis and attribution of microbial forensics evidence
    Bruce Budowle
    FBI Laboratory, Quantico, Virginia 22135, USA
    Crit Rev Microbiol 31:233-54. 2005
    ..Nucleic acid based typing technologies include: PCR, real-time PCR, MLST, MLVA, whole genome sequencing, and microarrays...
  8. ncbi HIV legal precedent useful for microbial forensics
    Bruce Budowle
    FBI Laboratory, 2501 Investigation Parkway, Quantico, VA 22135, USA
    Croat Med J 46:514-21. 2005
    ..The scientific evaluation involves epidemiology, molecular biology, phylogenetics, and legal deliberations...
  9. ncbi Recommendations for animal DNA forensic and identity testing
    Bruce Budowle
    FBI Laboratory, 2501 Investigation Parkway, Quantico, VA 22135, USA
    Int J Legal Med 119:295-302. 2005
    ..These should provide a basis for professional societies and/or working groups to establish more formalized recommendations...
  10. ncbi Microbial forensics: the next forensic challenge
    Bruce Budowle
    Laboratory Division, FBI, Quantico, VA 22135, USA
    Int J Legal Med 119:317-30. 2005
    ..Lastly, partnerships with other laboratories will be requisite, because many of the necessary capabilities for analysis will not reside in the traditional forensic laboratory...
  11. ncbi SNP typing strategies
    Bruce Budowle
    FBI Laboratory, Quantico, VA 22135, USA
    Forensic Sci Int 146:S139-42. 2004
    ..They are SNaP shot, SNPstream Ultra High Throughput System, and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The latter approach offers certain advantages for SNP analyses, particularly so for mtDNA typing...
  12. ncbi Genetics and attribution issues that confront the microbial forensics field
    Bruce Budowle
    FBI Laboratory, 2501 Investigation Parkway, Quantico, VA 22135, USA
    Forensic Sci Int 146:S185-8. 2004
    ..Differences include: database size and composition, statistical interpretation methods, and confidence/uncertainty in the outcome of an interpretation...
  13. ncbi Twelve short tandem repeat loci Y chromosome haplotypes: genetic analysis on populations residing in North America
    Bruce Budowle
    Federal Bureau of 2501 Investigation Parkway, Investigation, Quantico, VA 22135, USA
    Forensic Sci Int 150:1-15. 2005
    ..e., Caucasian, African American, Hispanic, and Asian). These analyses support use of the haplotype population data for estimating Y-STR profile frequencies for populations residing in North America...
  14. ncbi Role of law enforcement response and microbial forensics in investigation of bioterrorism
    Bruce Budowle
    Scientific Analysis Section, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Quantico, VA, USA
    Croat Med J 48:437-49. 2007
    ..The first is necessary for rapid response when a threat is imminent or an attack has recently occurred. The latter two apply to implementation of routinely used procedures...
  15. ncbi Forensically relevant SNP classes
    Bruce Budowle
    FBI Laboratory, Quantico, VA, USA
    Biotechniques 44:603-8, 610. 2008
    ..In addition to discussing the applications of these different types of SNPs, this article provides some discussion on privacy issues so that society and policymakers can be more informed...
  16. ncbi The effects of Asian population substructure on Y STR forensic analyses
    Bruce Budowle
    Federal Bureau of Investigation, Quantico, VA 22135, USA
    Leg Med (Tokyo) 11:64-9. 2009
    ..However haplotypes with fewer markers may require F(ST) corrections when calculating the rarity of the profile...
  17. ncbi Public health. Building microbial forensics as a response to bioterrorism
    Bruce Budowle
    Federal Bureau of Investigation, Laboratory Division, Quantico, VA 22135, USA
    Science 301:1852-3. 2003
    ....
  18. ncbi Quality sample collection, handling, and preservation for an effective microbial forensics program
    Bruce Budowle
    Laboratory Division, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Quantico, Virginia 22135, USA
    Appl Environ Microbiol 72:6431-8. 2006
  19. ncbi Mixture interpretation: defining the relevant features for guidelines for the assessment of mixed DNA profiles in forensic casework
    Bruce Budowle
    FBI Laboratory, 2501 Investigation Parkway, Quantico, VA 22134, USA
    J Forensic Sci 54:810-21. 2009
    ..The intent of this paper is to promote more thought, provide assistance on many aspects for consideration, and to support that more formalized mixture interpretation guidelines are developed...
  20. ncbi Population studies on three Native Alaska population groups using STR loci
    Bruce Budowle
    FBI Laboratory, 935 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20535, USA
    Forensic Sci Int 129:51-7. 2002
    ..The F(ST) estimate for Athabaskans, Apaches and Navajos is 0.0180 and for Inupiats and Yupiks is 0.0167. The allele frequency data can be used for estimating DNA profile frequencies for Native Americans residing in Alaska...
  21. ncbi Evaluation of circular DNA substrates for whole genome amplification prior to forensic analysis
    Courtney M Tate
    Counterterrorism and Forensic Science Research Unit, Laboratory Division, Federal Bureau of Investigation, 2501 Investigation Parkway, Quantico, VA 22135, USA
    Forensic Sci Int Genet 6:185-90. 2012
    ..Further research and development is warranted prior to use of WGA in forensic casework...
  22. ncbi Recommendations for consistent treatment of length variants in the human mitochondrial DNA control region
    Mark R Wilson
    Counterterrorism and Forensic Science Research Unit, FBI Academy, Quantico, VA 22135, USA
    Forensic Sci Int 129:35-42. 2002
    ..Consistency in alignment and nomenclature avoids inadvertently describing two sequences as different when in fact they are the same...
  23. ncbi An improved method for post-PCR purification for mtDNA sequence analysis
    Kerri A Dugan
    Laboratory Division, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Quantico, VA 22135, USA
    J Forensic Sci 47:811-8. 2002
    ..When the yield of purified amplicons, quality of the sequence profile, and ease of assay were evaluated, the use of ExoSAP-IT reagent for post-amplification purification was chosen to replace the filtration method...
  24. ncbi Forensics and mitochondrial DNA: applications, debates, and foundations
    Bruce Budowle
    Laboratory Division, FBI, Washington, DC 20535, USA
    Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet 4:119-41. 2003
    ..We describe the approaches, the impact some issues may have on interpretation of mtDNA analyses, and some issues raised in the courtroom...
  25. ncbi Quantification of human mitochondrial DNA using synthesized DNA standards
    Mark F Kavlick
    Counterterrorism and Forensic Science Research Unit, Laboratory Division, Federal Bureau of Investigation, 2501 Investigation Parkway, Quantico, VA 22135, USA
    J Forensic Sci 56:1457-63. 2011
    ..The assay described is rapid, reliable, and robust...
  26. ncbi Addressing the use of phylogenetics for identification of sequences in error in the SWGDAM mitochondrial DNA database
    Bruce Budowle
    FBI Laboratory, 2501 Investigation Parkway, Quantico, VA 22135, USA
    J Forensic Sci 49:1256-61. 2004
    ..Community wide access and review has enabled identification of errors in the SWGDAM data set and will continue to do so. The result of public accessibility is that the quality of the SWGDAM forensic dataset is always improving...
  27. ncbi HVI and HVII mitochondrial DNA data in Apaches and Navajos
    Bruce Budowle
    Laboratory Division, FBI, 935 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20535, USA
    Int J Legal Med 116:212-5. 2002
    ..0 in the Navajo sample and 7.7 in the Apache sample. The data demonstrate that mtDNA sequencing can be informative in forensic cases where Native American population data are used...
  28. ncbi Evaluation of a multicapillary electrophoresis instrument for mitochondrial DNA typing
    John E B Stewart
    National Missing Person DNA Database, DNA Analysis Unit II, Scientific Analysis Section, FBI Laboratory, FBI Academy, Quantico, VA 22135, USA
    J Forensic Sci 48:571-80. 2003
    ..The data support that valid and reliable results can be obtained using either capillary electrophoresis instrument, and the quality of sequencing results are comparable to or better than those obtained from the ABI 377 instrument...
  29. ncbi Comparison of mitotyper rules and phylogenetic-based mtDNA nomenclature systems
    Deborah Polanskey
    FBI Laboratory, Quantico, VA 22135, USA
    J Forensic Sci 55:1184-9. 2010
    ..Using a rule-based approach, commonly occurring as well as private variants are subjected to the same rules for naming, which is particularly advantageous when typing partial sequence data...
  30. ncbi Critique of interpretation of high levels of heteroplasmy in the human mitochondrial DNA hypervariable region I from hair
    Bruce Budowle
    Laboratory Division, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Washington, DC 20535, USA
    Forensic Sci Int 126:30-3. 2002
    ..The results observed in the heteroplasmy in hair study do not apply to other methods of mtDNA analysis and cannot be used to question the reliability of the current forensic mtDNA practices...
  31. ncbi A perspective on errors, bias, and interpretation in the forensic sciences and direction for continuing advancement
    Bruce Budowle
    FBI Laboratory, 2501 Investigation Parkway, Quantico, VA 22135, USA
    J Forensic Sci 54:798-809. 2009
    ..The list is a starting point for discussion that could foster further thought and input in developing an overarching strategic plan for enhancing the forensic sciences...
  32. ncbi Guatemala mestizo population data on 15 STR loci (Identifiler Kit)
    Esther Martinez-Espin
    Laboratory of Genetic Identification, Department de Medicina Legal, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, E-18012 Granada, Spain
    J Forensic Sci 51:1216-8. 2006
  33. ncbi Population data for four population groups from the United States for the eleven Y-chromosome STR loci recommended by SWGDAM
    Jaiprakash G Shewale
    ReliaGene Technologies Inc, 5525 Mounes St, Suite 101, New Orleans, LA 70123, USA
    J Forensic Sci 51:700-2. 2006
  34. ncbi STR population diversity in nine ethnic populations living in Dubai
    Farida Alshamali
    Dubai Police Forensic Administration, Dubai, UAE
    Forensic Sci Int 152:267-79. 2005
  35. ncbi Population data on eight short tandem repeat loci in the Barbadian population
    Rachel-Anne C Henry
    Forensic Sciences Centre, Culloden Road, St. Michael, Barbados
    J Forensic Sci 51:440-1. 2006
  36. ncbi Identification of a novel polymorphism in the X-chromosome region homologous to the DYS456 locus
    Chien Wei Chang
    Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA 94404, USA
    J Forensic Sci 51:344-8. 2006
    ..Full profiles in a mixture of male:female at 1:4000 were obtained using the current configuration of the AmpFlSTR Yfiler kit even in the presence of female DNA containing the G variant...
  37. ncbi Identification of a D8S1179 primer binding site mutation and the validation of a primer designed to recover null alleles
    Craig Leibelt
    Applied Biosystems, 850 Lincoln Centre Drive, M S 404 3, Foster City, CA 94404, USA
    Forensic Sci Int 133:220-7. 2003
    ..No deleterious effects or non-specific peaks were observed in validation experiments evaluating primer concentration, Mg2+ concentration, annealing temperature and population samples...
  38. ncbi Sequence polymorphism of the mitochondrial DNA hypervariable regions I and II in 205 Singapore Malays
    Hang Yee Wong
    DNA Profiling Laboratory, Centre for Forensic Science, Health Sciences Authority, 11 Outram Road, Singapore 169078, Singapore
    Leg Med (Tokyo) 9:33-7. 2007
    ..Haplotype diversity and random match probability were estimated to be 0.9961% and 0.87%, respectively...
  39. ncbi Minnesota population data on 15 STR loci using the Identifiler kit
    Ann Marie Gross
    Minnesota BCA Forensic Science Laboratory, St. Paul, MN 55106, USA
    J Forensic Sci 51:1410-3. 2006
  40. ncbi Characterization of human control region sequences for Spanish individuals in a forensic mtDNA data set
    J Carlos Alvarez
    Department of Legal Medicine, University of Granada, Madrid, Granada, Spain
    Leg Med (Tokyo) 9:293-304. 2007
    ..The data were compared with and found to be similar to other published data sets. There were 109 SNPs observed in the data set, including 10 positions not previously reported. The most variable sites are consistent with other studies...
  41. ncbi Evaluation of variation in control region sequences for Hispanic individuals in the SWGDAM mtDNA data set
    Marc W Allard
    Department of Biological Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
    J Forensic Sci 51:566-73. 2006
    ..The descriptive analyses revealed that the SWGDAM Hispanic data set is similar to published Native American and Hispanic data sets...
  42. ncbi Typing of the locus DYS19 from DNA derived from fingernail clippings using PCR Concert rapid purification system
    David A Gangitano
    DNA Section, Chemical Laboratory Division, Federal Police, Argentina
    J Forensic Sci 47:175-7. 2002
    ..In this paper, an alternative DNA extraction procedure was employed, and the application of an STR locus residing on the Y chromosome DYS19 was typed to allow for genetic characterization of the perpetrator in such cases...
  43. ncbi Characterization of the Caucasian haplogroups present in the SWGDAM forensic mtDNA dataset for 1771 human control region sequences. Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods
    Marc W Allard
    Department of Biological Sciences, George Washington University, Washington DC, USA
    J Forensic Sci 47:1215-23. 2002
    ..To evaluate the dataset for forensic utility, the haplogroup identifications and frequencies were compared with those reported from other published studies...
  44. ncbi A novel SNaPshot assay to detect the mdx mutation
    Sarah A Budowle
    Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Exercise, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
    Muscle Nerve 37:731-5. 2008
    ..e., SNaPshot) is described. The SNaPshot assay has been optimized to identify both wild-type and mutant alleles, providing a robust, potentially automatable assay for high-throughput analysis...
  45. ncbi Development and validation of a multiplexed Y-chromosome STR genotyping system, Y-PLEX 6, for forensic casework
    Sudhir K Sinha
    ReliaGene Technologies, Inc 5525 Mounes St Suite 101, New Orleans, LA 70123, USA
    J Forensic Sci 48:93-103. 2003
    ..The data indicate that results obtained using the Y-PLEX 6 kit are robust, sensitive, and reliable and can be used in human forensic and male lineage identification cases...
  46. ncbi Population data for seven Y-chromosome STR loci from three different population groups residing in Connecticut
    Heather Miller Coyle
    State of Connecticut Department of Public Safety, Division of Scientific Services, Forensic Science Laboratory, 278 Colony Street, Meriden, CT 06451, USA
    J Forensic Sci 48:435-7. 2003
  47. ncbi Y-chromosome STR haplotypes in three different population groups from Ecuador (South America)
    Fabricio González-Andrade
    Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Metropolitan Hospital, Quito, Ecuador
    J Forensic Sci 53:512-4. 2008
    ..POPULATIONS: Over 102 unrelated Mestizos, 102 Native Amerindian (Kichwas), and 102 African Americans who represent the three largest communities of the country Ecuador (South America)...
  48. ncbi Haplotype distribution of nine Y-chromosome STR-loci in two northern Spanish populations (Asturias and Aragon)
    Begoña Martínez-Jarreta
    Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
    J Forensic Sci 48:204-5. 2003
  49. ncbi Population data for the D5S818, D 13S317, D7S820 and D16S539 STR loci in a Romanian population sample
    Catalin Marian
    Biochemistry Department, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timisoara, Romania
    J Forensic Sci 50:1512. 2005
  50. ncbi Allele distribution of 15 STR loci used for human identity purposes in the Greek Cypriot population of the island of Cyprus
    Marios A Cariolou
    Laboratory of Forensic Genetics and Molecular Genetics Department B, Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Airport Av No 6, 2370 Nicosia, Republic of Cyprus
    Forensic Sci Int 164:75-8. 2006
    ....
  51. ncbi Epidemiology. DNA identifications after the 9/11 World Trade Center attack
    Leslie G Biesecker
    Science 310:1122-3. 2005
    ....
  52. ncbi Mexican population data on fifteen STR loci (Identifiler kit) in a Chihuahua (North Central Mexico) sample
    Luis J Martinez-Gonzalez
    Laboratory of Genetic Identification Dept de Medicina Legal, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, E 18012 Granada, Spain
    J Forensic Sci 50:236-8. 2005
  53. ncbi The application of an automated allele concordance analysis system (CompareCalls) to ensure the accuracy of single-source STR DNA profiles
    John H Ryan
    Myriad Genetic Laboratories, 320 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108, USA
    J Forensic Sci 49:492-9. 2004
    ..Implementation of an automated allele concordance analysis system will yield high-quality data for CODIS and free the human DNA data analyst to perform other critical duties within the laboratory...
  54. ncbi Autosomic STR loci (HUMTPOX, HUMTH01, HUMVWA, D18S535, D1S1656 and D12S391) in San Salvador (El Salvador, Central America)
    Begoña Martínez-Jarreta
    Department of Legal Medicine, University of Zaragoza, Faculty of Medicine, C Domingo Miral sn, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
    J Forensic Sci 49:633-4. 2004
  55. ncbi FBI mtDNA database: a cogent perspective
    Bruce Budowle
    Science 307:845-7. 2005
  56. ncbi STR data for the 13 CODIS loci in Singapore Malays
    H C Ang
    DNA Profiling Laboratory, Centre for Forensic Science, Health Sciences Authority, 11 Outram Road, Singapore 169078, Singapore
    Forensic Sci Int 148:243-5. 2005
    ....
  57. ncbi Characterization of human control region sequences of the African American SWGDAM forensic mtDNA data set
    Marc W Allard
    Department of Biological Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
    Forensic Sci Int 148:169-79. 2005
    ..The genetic characterization of these relevant data sets is fully consistent with other published mtDNA genetic variation. The sequence diversity observed in this data set makes it a valuable tool for forensic applications...
  58. ncbi Control region sequences for East Asian individuals in the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods forensic mtDNA data set
    Marc W Allard
    Department of Biological Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
    Leg Med (Tokyo) 6:11-24. 2004
    ..European Caucasian, and African haplogroups were rarely observed within the East Asian data sets. The various analyses revealed that the data set was similar to published East Asian data sets such as those from Han Chinese...
  59. ncbi Utility of the Y-STR typing systems Y-PLEX 6 and Y-PLEX 5 in forensic casework and 11 Y-STR haplotype database for three major population groups in the United States
    Sudhir K Sinha
    ReliaGene Technologies, Inc, New Orleans, LA 70123, USA
    J Forensic Sci 49:691-700. 2004
    ..Linkage analysis reveals that the frequencies from forensically important autosomal loci can be multiplied with the Y-STR haplotype frequency. The results from Y-PLEX systems have been accepted in courts in the United States...
  60. ncbi Validation of a male-specific, 12-locus fluorescent short tandem repeat (STR) multiplex
    Benjamin E Krenke
    Promega Corporation, Genetic Analysis Research and Development, Madison, WI 53716, USA
    Forensic Sci Int 148:1-14. 2005
    ..In general, the PowerPlex Y System was shown to have the sensitivity, specificity and reliability required for forensic DNA analysis...
  61. ncbi Allele frequencies for markers CSF1PO, TPOX, TH01, F13A01, FESFPS, vWA, D16S539, D7S820, D13S317 in the general population of Nicaragua
    Rafael E Flores-Obando
    , Universidad Centroamericana, Apdo. 69, Managua, Nicaragua
    J Forensic Sci 49:416-7. 2004
    ..POPULATION: General Hispanic-admixed individuals from Nicaragua...
  62. ncbi Brazilian Caucasian population data for 15 STR loci (PowerPlex 16 kit)
    Mauro S Figueiredo
    Fleury Medical Diagnostic Center, Molecular Biology Section, Sao Paulo, Brazil
    J Forensic Sci 49:167-9. 2004
  63. ncbi Population data on 15 STR loci (PowerPlex 16 kit) in a Costa Rica (Central America) sample population
    Erna Melendez
    OIJ-Laboratorio de Ciencias Forenses, , Heredia, Costa Rica
    J Forensic Sci 49:170-2. 2004
  64. ncbi Characterization of 17 Y-STR loci in a population from El Salvador (San Salvador, Central America) and their potential for DNA profiling
    Begoña Martínez-Jarreta
    Department of Legal Medicine, University of Zaragoza, Faculty of Medicine, C Domingo Miral s n, 50 009 Zaragoza, Spain
    J Forensic Sci 50:1243-6. 2005
  65. ncbi Validation of male-specific, 12-locus fluorescent short tandem repeat (STR) multiplex
    Benjamin E Krenke
    Promega Corporation, Genetic Analysis Research and Development, Madison, WI 53716, USA
    Forensic Sci Int 151:111-24. 2005
    ..In general, the PowerPlex Y System was shown to have the sensitivity, specificity and reliability required for forensic DNA analysis...
  66. ncbi Genetic data for the 13 CODIS STR loci in Singapore Indians
    S E S Lim
    DNA Profiling Laboratory, Centre for Forensic Science, Health Sciences Authority, 11 Outram Road, Singapore 169078, Singapore
    Forensic Sci Int 148:65-7. 2005
    ..Allele frequencies for the 13 CODIS short tandem repeat (STR) loci included in the AmpFISTR Profiler Plus and AmpFISTR Cofiler kits (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, USA) were determined in a sample of 174 unrelated Indians in Singapore...
  67. ncbi Base composition analysis of human mitochondrial DNA using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry: a novel tool for the identification and differentiation of humans
    Thomas A Hall
    Ibis Therapeutics, A Division of Isis Pharmaceuticals, 1891 Rutherford Road, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA
    Anal Biochem 344:53-69. 2005
    ..This assay can be expanded to assess genetic variation in the coding region of the mtDNA genome and can be automated to facilitate analysis of a large number of samples such as those encountered after a mass disaster...
  68. ncbi Genetic data for the 13 CODIS STR loci in Singapore Chinese
    C K C Syn
    DNA Profiling Laboratory, Centre for Forensic Science, Health Sciences Authority, 11 Outram Road, Singapore 169078
    Forensic Sci Int 152:285-8. 2005
    ..6 x10(-15) and the overall probability of excluding paternity is 0.9999899. The results demonstrate that the loci are useful for forensic human identification and parentage testing for the Chinese population in Singapore...
  69. ncbi Development and validation of the Y-PLEX 5, a Y-chromosome STR genotyping system, for forensic casework
    Sudhir K Sinha
    ReliaGene Technologies, Inc, 5525 Mounes St, Suite 101, New Orleans, LA 70123, USA
    J Forensic Sci 48:985-1000. 2003
    ..Y-STR allele and haplotype frequencies in two populations were generated. The data indicate that the Y-PLEX 5 genotyping system is sensitive and reliable, and can be used in human forensic and male lineage identification cases...
  70. ncbi Population study of 11 Y-chromosomal STR loci in Singapore Chinese
    June Sheau Wei Tang
    DNA Profiling Laboratory, Centre for Forensic Science, Health Sciences Authority, 11 Outram Road, 169078 Singapore, Singapore
    Forensic Sci Int 158:65-71. 2006
    ..67%) were unique. The most common haplotype was observed in five (2.35%) individuals. The overall haplotype diversity for the 11 Y-STR loci was 99.81%, and the discrimination capacity was 86.79%...
  71. ncbi An assessment of whether SNPs will replace STRs in national DNA databases--joint considerations of the DNA working group of the European Network of Forensic Science Institutes (ENFSI) and the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM)
    Peter Gill
    Sci Justice 44:51-3. 2004
  72. ncbi Getting the science and the ethics right in forensic genetics
    Mark Shriver
    Nat Genet 37:449-50; author reply 450-1. 2005
  73. ncbi Y-chromosome STR system, Y-PLEX 12, for forensic casework: development and validation
    Jaiprakash G Shewale
    ReliaGene Technologies, Inc. 5525 Mounes St. Suite 101, New Orleans, LA 70123, USA
    J Forensic Sci 49:1278-90. 2004
    ..Y-PLEX 12 is a sensitive, valid, reliable, and robust multiplex system for forensic analysis, and it can be used in human forensic and male lineage identification cases...