James W Thomas

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..These finding illustrate that small genomic regions outside the large mouse-human conserved segments can contain a single gene as well as sequences that are apparently unique to one genome...

..These results suggest that interspecies and intraspecies genetic variability does exist in avian TAS2Rs and that these differences could contribute to variation in bitter taste perception in birds...

..Overall, these results provide important insights into the genomic attributes of an inversion polymorphism linked to mate choice and variation in social behavior...

..In summary, the results of our study provide the genomic resources necessary for the molecular and genetic characterization of a high-priority set of candidate genes for regulating social behavior in the prairie vole...

..Near-identical palindromes are therefore present on the avian W chromosome and may persist due to the same forces proposed for the enrichment of these elements on the human sex chromosomes...

..Though a karyotype for the prairie vole has been reported and low-resolution comparative cytogenetic analyses have been done in this species, other basic genetic resources for this species, such as a genetic linkage map, are lacking...

..Thus, adaptive single-gene losses have the potential to influence the long-term evolutionary fate of functionally interrelated genes...

..In addition, Uprobe has the capability to design custom probes from multiple-species sequence alignments provided by the user, thus providing a general tool for targeted comparative physical mapping...

..Notably, chimpanzees also exhibit a slower rate of molecular evolution compared to gorillas and orangutans in the regions analyzed...

..Our results indicate that Syncytin 1 is indeed a hominoid-specific gene and illustrate the complex and dynamic process associated with the origin of new genes...

..It has thus been predicted that nucleotide diversity is negatively correlated with chromosome size in aves. However, there is limited empirical evidence to support this prediction...

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..Once 'universal' overgo hybridization probes are designed, simple and uniform labeling and hybridization conditions can be carried out to exploit the utility of these probes for targeted comparative physical mapping...

..Finally, we report our finding that PRTFDC1 was recently inactivated in the mouse lineage and propose the loss of function of this gene as a candidate genetic basis for the phenotypic disparity between HPRT-deficient humans and mice...

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..Our findings suggested that lentiviruses were biased to integrate into the intragenic regions of early embryonic genome of mouse...

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..Our results therefore provide a revised history for gene loss in the purine catabolic pathway and suggest that marsupials and monotremes represent a third class of mammals with respect to their end products of purine catabolism...

..Future implementation of the universal probe design strategy will be used to create an expanded number of whole-genome probe sets that will encompass all vertebrate genomes...

..Together, these findings demonstrate that pericentromeric duplications are not restricted to primates and may be a common mechanism for genome evolution in mammals...

..These results provide an extreme example in support of the evolutionary breakpoint reusage hypothesis and point out that some near-identical human segmental duplications may, in fact, have originated >100 million years ago...

..In NOD, the large pool of self-reactive B cells may fuel autoimmune beta cell destruction by facilitating T-B cell interactions, as evidenced by the identification of one mAb that has undergone Ag-driven somatic hypermutation...

..NOD and lupus prone strains share the CD72c allele and its functions may contribute to overlapping features of organ specific and systemic autoimmune disorders...

..The described approach can be used to facilitate the multispecies comparative sequencing of targeted genomic regions and can be adapted for constructing BAC contig maps in other vertebrates...

..In addition, our results are consistent with a role for some rearrangements in the original speciation events that separated the human and chimpanzee lineages...

..Rather, BCRs that are occupied by autologous insulin deliver signals that induce changes in intracellular calcium mobilization and maintain tolerance by preventing activation of key transcription factors such as NFAT...

..These findings suggest that the degree of functional impairment, rather than an overt breach of tolerance, is a critical feature that governs B cell contribution to T cell-mediated autoimmune disease...

..Thus, the differential immune outcome based on the type of APC that displays glycolipid Ags in vivo has implications for the design of therapies that harness the immunoregulatory functions of iNKT cells...

..These findings show that a diverse repertoire of anti-insulin B cells is part of the autoimmune process in NOD mice and structural or regulatory elements within the kappa locus may be shared with a systemic autoimmune disease...

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..The resulting information and technology will be applicable to the simultaneous construction and comparison of clone-based physical maps in multiple species at any genomic locus. ..

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