Research Topics
| J E McGowanSummaryAffiliation: Emory University Country: USA Publications
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Publications
Debate-guidelines for control of glycopeptide-resistant enterococci (GRE) have not yet workedJ E McGowan
Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
J Hosp Infect 57:281-4. 2004..Until then, it is clear that guidelines for control of GRE have not worked. New guidelines that truly control GRE must be developed, and this must be done quickly...- Does antimicrobial resistance cluster in individual hospitals?John E McGowan
Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
J Infect Dis 186:1362-5. 2002..pneumoniae was significantly correlated with the majority of other sentinel antimicrobial-resistant organisms. High prevalence of this organism may serve as a marker for more generalized resistance problems in hospital inpatient areas... - Resistance in nonfermenting gram-negative bacteria: multidrug resistance to the maximumJohn E McGowan
Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
Am J Med 119:S29-36; discussion S62-70. 2006..Improved antibiotic stewardship and infection-control measures will be needed to prevent or slow the emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant, nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli in the healthcare setting... 
Economic impact of antimicrobial resistanceJ E McGowan
Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
Emerg Infect Dis 7:286-92. 2001..Studies to describe and evaluate the problem will have to employ new methods and be of large scale to produce information that is broadly applicable...- Resistance in nonfermenting gram-negative bacteria: multidrug resistance to the maximumJohn E McGowan
Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
Am J Infect Control 34:S29-37; discussion S64-73. 2006..Improved antibiotic stewardship and infection-control measures will be needed to prevent or slow the emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant, nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli in the healthcare setting... - Confronting bacterial resistance in healthcare settings: a crucial role for microbiologistsJohn E McGowan
Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health of Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
Nat Rev Microbiol 2:251-8. 2004 
Cooking fuel type, household ventilation, and the risk of acute lower respiratory illness in urban Bangladeshi children: a longitudinal studyE L Murray
Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
Indoor Air 22:132-9. 2012..Increasing available natural ventilation within the household in similar settings has the potential to reduce childhood mortality because of acute lower respiratory illnesses...- Surveillance of antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance in United States hospitals: project ICARE phase 2. Project Intensive Care Antimicrobial Resistance Epidemiology (ICARE) hospitalsS K Fridkin
Hospital Infections Program, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA
Clin Infect Dis 29:245-52. 1999..These comparative data on use and resistance among similar areas (i.e., ICU or other inpatient areas) can be used as a benchmark by participating hospitals to focus their efforts at addressing antimicrobial resistance... - Determinants of vancomycin use in adult intensive care units in 41 United States hospitalsS K Fridkin
Hospital Infections Program, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA
Clin Infect Dis 28:1119-25. 1999..Efforts to reduce these rates through infection control activities should be included in hospitals' efforts to reduce vancomycin use... - The effect of vancomycin and third-generation cephalosporins on prevalence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci in 126 U.S. adult intensive care unitsS K Fridkin
Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, MS A 35, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
Ann Intern Med 135:175-83. 2001..Identifying modifiable institutional factors can advance quality-improvement efforts to minimize hospital-acquired infections with VRE... - Longitudinal analysis of community health workers' adherence to treatment guidelines, Siaya, Kenya, 1997-2002S Y Rowe
Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
Trop Med Int Health 12:651-63. 2007..To investigate community health workers' (CHW) adherence over time to guidelines for treating ill children and to assess the effect of refresher training on adherence... - Comparison of agar dilution, disk diffusion, MicroScan, and Vitek antimicrobial susceptibility testing methods to broth microdilution for detection of fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates of the family EnterobacteriaceaeC D Steward
Hospital Infections Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA
J Clin Microbiol 37:544-7. 1999..However, the high number of minor errors by all test systems remains a concern... - Antimicrobial resistance prevalence rates in hospital antibiograms reflect prevalence rates among pathogens associated with hospital-acquired infectionsS K Fridkin
Hospital Infections Program, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
Clin Infect Dis 33:324-30. 2001..Hospital antibiograms may underestimate the relative frequency of methicillin resistance among Staphylococcus species when associated with hospital-acquired infections... - In vitro activities of Daptomycin, Linezolid, and Quinupristin-Dalfopristin against a challenge panel of Staphylococci and Enterococci, including vancomycin-intermediate staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faeciumLaura A Jevitt
Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
Microb Drug Resist 9:389-93. 2003..Population analysis of three S. aureus isolates for which the daptomycin MICs were 8 microg/ml showed a pattern of homogeneous resistance... - Characterization of clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae from 19 laboratories using the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards extended-spectrum beta-lactamase detection methodsC D Steward
Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA
J Clin Microbiol 39:2864-72. 2001..The remaining 11.5% of the isolates studied contained beta-lactamases that did not demonstrate a CA effect. An algorithm based on phenotypic analyses is suggested for evaluation of such isolates... - Increasing threat of Gram-positive bacterial infections in the intensive care unit settingJ E McGowan
Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
Crit Care Med 29:N69-74. 2001..Intensivists have been prominent in research and control efforts in this field and should continue to lead future efforts... - Importance of bacterial burden among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus carriers in a long-term care facilityNimalie D Stone
Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 29:143-8. 2008..To evaluate the prevalence and transmission of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) nasal colonization, as well as risk factors associated with MRSA carriage, among residents of a long-term care facility (LTCF)... - Initial and follow-up costs by treatment outcome for children with respiratory infectionsDavid H Howard
Department of Health Policy and Management, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
Pediatrics 113:1352-6. 2004..To estimate the initial and follow-up costs of treatment of respiratory infections among pediatric patients and the relationship between costs and outcomes... - Multicenter evaluation of the Etest and disk diffusion methods for differentiating daptomycin-susceptible from non-daptomycin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus isolatesLaura A Jevitt
Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, G-08, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd, NE, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
J Clin Microbiol 44:3098-104. 2006..In 2005, daptomycin disks were voluntarily removed from the market by Cubist Pharmaceuticals. The disk diffusion breakpoints were subsequently removed from the CLSI M100 standard in 2006... - Comparison of disk diffusion, VITEK 2, and broth microdilution antimicrobial susceptibility test results for unusual species of EnterobacteriaceaeNimalie D Stone
Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, 69 Jesse Hill, Jr, Dr S E, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
J Clin Microbiol 45:340-6. 2007..In summary, disk diffusion provides a reliable alternative to BMD for testing of unusual Enterobacteriaceae, some of which cannot be tested, or produce incorrect results, by automated methods... - Antimicrobial resistance: international control strategies, with a focus on limited-resource settingsCarlos A DiazGranados
Department of Medicine Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, 49 Jesse Hill Jr Drive, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
Int J Antimicrob Agents 32:1-9. 2008..Both medical and public health agencies should be in the forefront of these efforts... - Hospitalization earlier than 1 year prior to admission as an additional risk factor for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonizationLaura McAllister
Division of Healthcare Quality and Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30341, USA
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 31:538-40. 2010..In addition, both the time that elapsed since the most recent hospitalization and the duration of that hospitalization affected risk... - Temporal changes in prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in 23 US hospitalsScott K Fridkin
Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA
Emerg Infect Dis 8:697-701. 2002..The increases seen are of concern; differences in factors present outside ICUs, such as excessive quinolone use or inadequate infection-control practices, may explain the observed trends... - Resistance to antimicrobial chemotherapy: a prescription for research and actionB R Levin
Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
Am J Med Sci 315:87-94. 1998..It concludes with an update on the theoretical and empirical research on the between- and within-host population biology and evolution of resistance to antimicrobial chemotherapy most of which has been done since that meeting... - Applying economic principles to health careR D Scott
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA
Emerg Infect Dis 7:282-5. 2001..The information provided by hospital epidemiologists is critical to understanding health-care production processes used by a hospital and developing economic incentives to promote antibiotic effectiveness and infection control... - Characterisation of a Staphylococcus aureus strain with progressive loss of susceptibility to vancomycin and daptomycin during therapyFred C Tenover
Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
Int J Antimicrob Agents 33:564-8. 2009..Concurrent development of resistance to vancomycin and daptomycin, whilst rare, must be considered in a patient who is unresponsive to daptomycin following vancomycin therapy... - Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of carbapenems: multicenter validity testing and accuracy levels of five antimicrobial test methods for detecting resistance in Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolatesChristine D Steward
Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA
J Clin Microbiol 41:351-8. 2003.... - Validation of Vitek version 7.01 software for testing staphylococci against vancomycinP M Raney
Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 43:135-40. 2002..01 software, when compared to earlier software versions, laboratories may notice an overall shift in MIC data toward higher vancomycin MICs, although for the most part, this does not affect the categorical interpretations of the results... - Carbapenem resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae not detected by automated susceptibility testingFred C Tenover
Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
Emerg Infect Dis 12:1209-13. 2006..The recognition of carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae continues to challenge automated susceptibility systems... - Class 1 integrons in resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp., US hospitalsAarati N Rao
Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
Emerg Infect Dis 12:1011-4. 2006..Thus, determining integron epidemiology will improve understanding of how antibacterial resistance determinants spread in the United States... - Risk factors for methicillin-resistance among patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia at the time of hospital admissionNilton A Rezende
Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
Am J Med Sci 323:117-23. 2002..Similar studies could guide practices for dealing with such patients in other centers, because the occurrence of MRSA infections at the time of admission may vary widely by geographic area... - Accuracy of six antimicrobial susceptibility methods for testing linezolid against staphylococci and enterococciFred C Tenover
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
J Clin Microbiol 45:2917-22. 2007..These data, from a challenge panel of isolates, illustrate that the recent emergence of linezolid-nonsusceptible staphylococci and enterococci is providing a challenge for many susceptibility testing systems... - Testing for induction of clindamycin resistance in erythromycin-resistant isolates of Staphylococcus aureusChristine D Steward
Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, NE, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
J Clin Microbiol 43:1716-21. 2005..Thus, at present, disk diffusion is the preferred method for testing S. aureus isolates for inducible CLI resistance... - Investigation of inducible clindamycin and telithromycin resistance in isolates of beta-hemolytic streptococciPatti M Raney
Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, Centers of Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 55:213-8. 2006.... - Evaluation of the NCCLS extended-spectrum beta-lactamase confirmation methods for Escherichia coli with isolates collected during Project ICAREFred C Tenover
Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA
J Clin Microbiol 41:3142-6. 2003..NCCLS has incorporated this change in the cefpodoxime screening breakpoint in its recent documents... - Rainfall, household crowding, and acute respiratory infections in the tropicsE L Murray
Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
Epidemiol Infect 140:78-86. 2012..These findings suggest that rainfall may be increasing exposure to crowded conditions, thus leading to an increased risk of ARI, but that additional factors not captured by this analysis may also play a role... - The infection control practitioner: an action plan for the 1990sJ E McGowan
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
Am J Infect Control 18:29-39. 1990..Such actions help assure recognition of the continuing important role of the ICP and the hospital infection control program in each U.S. hospital and long-term care institution... - The influence of observation and setting on community health workers' practicesS Y Rowe
Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
Int J Qual Health Care 18:299-305. 2006..To determine whether results from an evaluation that involved observation of community health workers while they performed patient consultations in a hospital reflected normal everyday practices... - Experimental prediction of the evolution of ceftazidime resistance in the CTX-M-2 extended-spectrum beta-lactamaseKerry J Welsh
Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
Antimicrob Agents Chemother 49:1242-4. 2005..All alleles had a Pro-to-Ser substitution at position 167... - Identification of plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamases in Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., and proteus species can potentially improve reporting of cephalosporin susceptibility testing resultsFred C Tenover
Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA
J Clin Microbiol 47:294-9. 2009..Thus, additional data are needed before formal recommendations can be made on changing the reporting of ASC test results... - Multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat assay analysis of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strainsFred C Tenover
Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion G 08, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
J Clin Microbiol 45:2215-9. 2007..The ability of MLVA to differentiate among strains that are indistinguishable by PFGE may be of epidemiologic value and warrants further study... - Monitoring antimicrobial use and resistance: comparison with a national benchmark on reducing vancomycin use and vancomycin-resistant enterococciScott K Fridkin
Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA
Emerg Infect Dis 8:702-7. 2002..5% compared with mean increase of 5.7%, p<0.001). In this study, practice changes focused towards specific ICUs were associated with decreases in ICU vancomycin use and VRE prevalence... - Comparison of typing results obtained for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates with the DiversiLab system and pulsed-field gel electrophoresisFred C Tenover
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, 30333, USA
J Clin Microbiol 47:2452-7. 2009.... - Optimization of computer software settings improves accuracy of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis macrorestriction fragment pattern analysisWilliam M Duck
Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322 and Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA
J Clin Microbiol 41:3035-42. 2003.... - Utility of NCCLS guidelines for identifying extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in non-Escherichia coli and Non-Klebsiella spp. of EnterobacteriaceaeMitchell J Schwaber
Division of Infectious Diseases, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
J Clin Microbiol 42:294-8. 2004..does not appear to be warranted in the United States at present, since the test has poor specificity for this population and would result in changes in categorical interpretations for only 1.7% of Enterobacteriaceae tested... - Minimizing antimicrobial resistance: the key role of the infectious diseases physicianJohn E McGowan
Clin Infect Dis 38:939-42. 2004 - Health care-associated pneumonia (HCAP): a critical appraisal to improve identification, management, and outcomes--proceedings of the HCAP SummitMarin H Kollef
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
Clin Infect Dis 46:S296-334; quiz 335-8. 2008..The results were then compared with results of the same survey as completed by 744 Infectious Diseases Society of America members. The similarities and differences between those survey results are the basis of this publication... - In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated in the USAVelusamy Srinivasan
Int J Antimicrob Agents 31:294-6. 2008 - Antimicrobial resistance prevention initiative--an update: proceedings of an expert panel on resistanceRobert C Moellering
Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
Am J Infect Control 35:S1-23; quiz S24-6. 2007..The challenges in each area are different, but the general keys to addressing the growing problem of antimicrobial resistance continue to be responsible antimicrobial stewardship and the development of newer antimicrobial agents... - Patterns of health care resource utilization after macrolide treatment failure: results from a large, population-based cohort with acute sinusitis, acute bronchitis, and community-acquired pneumoniaJasmanda H Wu
Global Pharmacovigilance and Epidemiology, Aventis Pharmaceuticals, 200 Crossing Boulevard, Mailcode BWX 400 406E, Bridgewater, NJ 08807, USA
Clin Ther 26:2153-62. 2004..Macrolide antibiotics are used as first-line therapy for the treatment of respiratory tract infections. The recent emergence of macrolide-resistant pathogens is a major concern... - Effect of multiple interventions on community health workers' adherence to clinical guidelines in Siaya district, KenyaSamantha Y Rowe
Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road NE, 4th Floor, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 101:188-202. 2007..Despite these limitations, however, our results raise questions about the effectiveness, in the setting of Siaya district, of several interventions commonly used to improve the quality of care given by CHWs... - Nosocomial infection, the Deficit Reduction Act, and incentives for hospitalsNicholas Graves
Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Ave, Kelvin Grove Urban Village, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, 4059, Australia
JAMA 300:1577-9. 2008 - High rate of mobilization for blaCTX-MsMiriam Barlow
University of California, Merced, California 95344, USA
Emerg Infect Dis 14:423-8. 2008..That divergence has mainly occurred in the presence of purifying selection, which indicates a slow rate of evolution for blaCTX-Ms in the pre-antimicrobial drug era... - Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America guidelines for developing an institutional program to enhance antimicrobial stewardshipTimothy H Dellit
Harborview Medical Center and the University of Washington, Seattle, USA
Clin Infect Dis 44:159-77. 2007 - Adherence to infectious diseases society of America guidelines for empiric therapy for patients with community-acquired pneumonia in a commercially insured cohortJasmanda H Wu
Department of Outcomes Research and Management, Division of US Human Health, Merck and Co, Inc, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, USA
Clin Ther 28:1451-61. 2006..There is little published research addressing how the 2003 Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) guidelines for empiric therapy of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) are implemented in clinical practice... - Antimicrobial resistance prevention initiative--an update: proceedings of an expert panel on resistanceRobert C Moellering
Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
Am J Med 120:S4-25; quiz S26-8. 2007..The challenges in each area are different, but the general keys to addressing the growing problem of antimicrobial resistance continue to be responsible antimicrobial stewardship and the development of newer antimicrobial agents...