Michael T Compton

..This study aimed to identify latent factors of the most widely used scale to measure neurological soft signs, the Neurological Evaluation Scale (NES), in a sample of schizophrenia patients, their relatives, and non-psychiatric controls...

..In addition to clinical and programmatic implications, such findings demonstrate a role for clinicians, advocates, and schizophrenia researchers in promoting social justice through partnerships with diverse social sectors...

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..Various viewpoints of key participating agencies are presented. Recommendations are provided for other localities and stakeholders who plan to incorporate a community mental health component into local disaster response plans...

..However, several of the items may index more than one of the hypothesized factors, so the item-factor separation is not sharp. Thus, more research is needed on the factorial validity of the increasingly used SPQ-B subscales...

..This study determined the best-fitting factor structure from among five models that have been proposed in the literature, as well as five additional hierarchically related models...

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..differ from controls in terms of a number of specific facial measurements?, and (2) Does cluster analysis based on these facial measurements reveal distinct facial morphologies that significantly discriminate patients from controls?..

..More frequent/heavier use of alcohol in the 25-29 age-range, and cannabis in early adulthood, were associated with more schizotypy. The use of addictive substances, particularly cannabis, is related to schizotypy in complex ways...

..Schizophr. Res. 26, 191-197), it was hypothesized that positive and negative schizotypy would be associated with poorer olfactory identification ability, at least among male participants...

..Beliefs about debunked personality, societal, family, and esoteric causes in this nonclinical sample indicate the need for improved psychoeducation of the community at large...

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..This study describes the prodromal period of 109 hospitalized first-episode patients from an urban, socially disadvantaged, predominantly African American population...

..This study examined patient-level predictors of DUP and clinical correlates of both DUP and duration of untreated illness (DUI), both of which have been implicated as prognostic indicators...

..Br J Psychiatry 189:446-452, 2006). The present analysis was conducted in an effort to replicate those findings in a predominantly low-income, urban, African American sample...

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..Further research involving specific racial, ethnic, cultural, and socioeconomic groups is needed to better understand the complex associations underlying knowledge about schizophrenia and stigma...

..This analysis documented the prevalence of unemployment and examined previously reported clinical correlates of unemployment in patients with first-episode psychosis hospitalized in an urban, public-sector setting in the southeastern US...

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..Effects of the progression of frequency of use were examined through time-dependent covariates in survival analyses...

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..Associations between PTC-tasting status and olfactory identification scores also were examined...

..Additionally, associations between MPA scores and schizotypy were explored in these two groups...

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..This study used a qualitative research methodology to explore common themes pertaining to the period of untreated psychosis before treatment initiation in hospitalized, urban, African American, first-episode psychosis patients...

..In this study, it was hypothesized that family strengths would be inversely correlated with DUI and DUP; and families of patients with a short DUI/DUP would have greater family strengths than those of patients with a long DUI/DUP...

..A longer duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) is associated with greater morbidity in the early course of schizophrenia. This formative, hypothesis-generating study explored the effects of stigma, as perceived by family members, on DUP...

..These results provide insight into the etiologic beliefs of a sample of African American family members. Further research is needed to assess the potential influence of these beliefs on treatment seeking on the part of the family...

..In doing so, it is emphasized that the categorical approach is beneficial primarily in terms of reliability, whereas the dimensional approach would enhance validity...

..The results underscore the need for careful screening and treatment of comorbid cannabis abuse/dependence among patients with psychotic or mood disorders given the prominent associated psychosocial impairments in this population...

..Additional research is needed to further characterize the detrimental effects of psychoticism or self-reported psychotic symptoms in the general, non-psychiatric population...

..Integration of these paradigms would likely promote recovery-oriented tailoring of early psychosocial interventions, such as supported employment and supported education, for first-episode psychosis...

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..Further testing and the development of additional reliable and valid instruments focused on attitudinal and behavioral domains among officers who have frequent interactions with individuals with mental illnesses would be of great value...

..Implications of the current findings, limitations of the review, and directions for future research are highlighted...

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..It may be advisable to use total SPQ-B scores rather than subscale scores in some situations, or to use factor analytic techniques to study the instrument's latent structure in specific samples...

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..This study is one of the first to examine a wide range of schizotypy domains, and to show selective effects of the disorganized domain of schizotypy...

..This was accomplished using a large dataset of patients who are representative of individuals in routine US psychiatric practice...

..This study also examined whether sociodemographic and work-related characteristics would predict knowledge retention...

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..The authors assessed the 2-year outcomes, costs, and financial sustainability of a medical care management intervention for community mental health settings...

..Findings indicate a need for further research in this area, and suggest that some characteristics of officers may be associated with an increased capacity for knowledge/attitudinal change during CIT training...

..Furthermore, differences across studies could be driven by race/ethnicity and cultural factors that may affect the reporting of unusual or distorted perceptions...

..Additional research is needed on the correlates of substance abuse among first-episode patients, including socially disadvantaged African American patients...

..These preliminary observations may serve to generate hypotheses for further research that aims to elucidate the determinants of treatment delays in the early course of schizophrenia, especially among African American populations...

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..Such investigations may provide insights into service enhancements that can promote early detection and intervention, thus improving illness outcomes...

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..Although this study suggests potential determinants of causal beliefs held by community members, further research examining the public's conception of causation would enhance interpretation of studies on such beliefs...

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..This study determined changes in knowledge, attitudes, and social distance related to schizophrenia among police officers after CIT training...

..Specifically, a prevention orientation is relevant to administrative psychiatry in the domains of service delivery, education and training, research, and community consultation and advocacy...

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..Results highlight the potential for collaboration between law enforcement (and other public safety/criminal justice professions) and the mental health professions in the expanding CIT collaborative model...

..Future interventions should take into account the reported pros and cons of smoking in this population, as well as other beliefs and attitudes regarding smoking behavior...

..Findings support further research for the establishment of best-practice standards...

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..The authors tested a population-based medical care management intervention designed to improve primary medical care in community mental health settings...

..Several correlations among dermatoglyphic indices and MPAs were found in this exploratory analysis, particularly among relatives and controls. Implications for future research are discussed...

..I), co-morbid psychiatric illness, and executive functioning status. The findings are consistent with deleterious effects of even residual depressive symptoms in BPD patients...

..Like any other chronic medical condition, schizophrenia can be considered from a preventive perspective...

..Future research with larger samples is needed to confirm and extend these results...

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..This study tested a hypothesized inverse correlation between the number of crisis intervention team (CIT) officers and the number of Special Weapons and Tactics (SWAT) callouts in an urban police department...

..This study was conducted to determine the practical, readily accessible predictors of missed first outpatient appointments in a community mental health setting after psychiatric hospitalization...

..Studies have examined factors affecting medical students' specialty choice, but little research exists on stability of these specialty interests...

..Findings indicate that a substantial portion of the variance in LOS in this setting can be predicted from basic sociodemographic and clinical factors available in hospital medical charts...

..Research on both risk factors and protective factors provide a basis for culturally competent interventions aimed at reducing both the risk of future suicide attempts and completions...

..Findings from this pilot study indicate that some health behavior theory constructs, including PBC, may be useful in future early intervention efforts...

..These findings may be useful to clinicians, researchers, and program planners interested in addressing the important issue of treatment-compliance problems in psychiatric care settings...

..Behavioral and psychiatric manifestations of the disorder include attention deficits, aggressiveness, and social inhibition. The authors describe a case of psychosis that developed in a patient with Sotos syndrome...

..This study focused on two important dimensions of the social environment, family relationships and social support, as well as an important person-level risk factor--depressive symptoms...

..The literature on the prevalence, etiology, prevention, and treatment of these two risk factors, in the context of serious mental illnesses, are reviewed following a preventive approach...

..Further research on self-reported psychotic symptoms in non-psychiatric populations is needed, as well as research on the personality correlates of such symptoms, including impulsivity...

..Childhood physical and sexual abuse may be a risk factor for the initiation of cannabis dependence and other substance use disorders in the early course of schizophrenia...

..Studying legal status (and the process of legal status conversion from involuntary to voluntary) and its correlates is an important topic for further research...

..In the current study, these considerations were identified as instrumental in effectively meeting the healthcare needs of the evacuated population...

..Clinicians should give special attention to this issue when caring for first-episode patients...