Otis W Brawley

..A screening test is done on asymptomatic individuals who receive the test principally because they are of the age or sex at risk for the cancer. A diagnostic test is done on an individual because of clinical suspicion of disease...

..A placebo controlled randomized trial using finasteride, an inhibitor of 5-alpha-reductase, the enzyme that converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone, is ongoing. The endpoint of this trial is reduction of prostate cancer incidence...

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..While a specific gene or series of genes can be conserved within a relatively closed population, genetic variation within a given population or race is significant...

..They then assessed the effectiveness of these outreach initiatives and internal patient navigation on stage of diagnosis...

..This study examines association of the ER/PR/HER2 subtypes with race and breast cancer survival...

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..The latest data on the utilization of cancer screening from the National Health Interview Survey is described, as well as several recent reports on the role of health care professionals in adult utilization of cancer screening...

..The aim of this study was to correlate age, receptor status, nuclear grade, and differences in treatment modalities for stage III breast cancer in an inner-city hospital serving a large AA population...

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..Therefore, we sought to characterize the distribution of suicides in order to potentially identify a clinically important window of peak suicide risk...

..However, an Institute of Medicine report found that blacks received lower quality care than whites after controlling for health insurance, income, and disease severity...

..The objective of this investigation was to use the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry to examine time trends in age and grade...

..Men undergoing screening for prostate cancer may reduce their risk of prostate cancer with finasteride...

..It is the most commonly diagnosed non-skin cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death. The American Cancer Society estimates that in 2011, 240,890 men were diagnosed with prostate cancer and 33,720 men died of it...

..Factors such as socioeconomic status, dietary preferences, vitamin intake, alcohol and tobacco use, either lack a consensus finding, or may not play a role in explaining the increased myeloma morbidity and mortality in blacks...

..Advances in immunohistochemistry and the appreciation of breast cancer subtypes are enabling investigators to study the distribution of these subtypes among populations...

..61, p = 0.01). Future studies should examine biological differences that may underlie the observed racial differences in presentation and outcome...

..In 2002, randomized trials changed this standard by showing that adding rituximab immunotherapy to CHOP improved survival. However, how these results influenced chemoimmunotherapy adoption in clinical practice remains unclear...

..We are committed proponents of the rational, evidence-based use of health care to avoid the wasteful and inefficient rationing of health care...

..Several studies show that there are racial differences in patterns of care in the US and it has been hypothesized that this contributes to some of the racial disparity in survival after diagnosis...

..Therefore, they assessed the frequency of inguinal lymphadenectomy and the impact of dissection extent on survival using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database...

..Many available screening tests have tremendous potential in terms of benefit, but have yet to be fully assessed. At the minimum, patients should be informed of what is known, what is not known, and what is believed about these tests...

..This discussion is expanded to a more general consideration of biological and nonbiological (e.g., socioeconomic and cultural) factors affecting racial disparities in disease...

..In the current study, the authors investigated breast cancer subgroups among patients in an urban cancer center serving a multiracial, low socioeconomic population...

..These factors, along with the absence of a clearly superior therapy, account, at least in part, for the tremendous variance in patterns of care by age, geography, race and education...

..Differences in treatment, stage at presentation, and mortality from other diseases should represent the primary targets of research and interventions designed to reduce disparities in cancer outcomes...

..It is widely claimed that racial and ethnic minorities, especially in the US, are less willing than non-minority individuals to participate in health research. Yet, there is a paucity of empirical data to substantiate this claim...

..Prostate cancer is the most frequently diagnosed non-skin cancer in the United States and the third leading cause of cancer deaths. International trends in the incidence, mortality and prevalence of prostate cancer are assessed...

..Researchers question whether estrogen receptor alpha-negative (ERN) and -positive (ERP) represent different stages of one disease or different breast cancer types...

..Racial variations demonstrate the need for a more comprehensive understanding of colorectal carcinogenesis, epidemiology, and colorectal screening patterns for low- and high-risk populations...