G S Berns

..Conformity might arise at an executive level of decision making, or it might arise because the social setting alters the individual's perception of the world...

..Head motion within trials was less than 1 mm. Consistent with prior reinforcement learning literature, we observed caudate activation in both dogs in response to the hand signal denoting reward versus no-reward...

..The results are consistent with a second-order process of information aggregation in which individuals make separate judgments for magnitude and probability and then integrate those judgments...

..Future cultural wars, while they may bear familiar labels of religion and politics, will ultimately be fought over control of our biology and our environment...

..This suggests that sacred values affect behaviour through the retrieval and processing of deontic rules and not through a utilitarian evaluation of costs and benefits...

..Now, a recent fMRI study has found mesolimbic reward activation associated with humorous cartoons, providing a neurobiological link between theories of humour and hedonic processes in the brain...

..The neural responses to passive lotteries predicted 79% of subsequent decisions when individuals were offered choices between different lotteries, and exceeded that predicted by behavior alone near the indifference point...

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..We review and integrate these advances. We emphasize three different, occasionally competing, mechanisms that are implemented in the brain: representation, anticipation and self-control...

..Current evidence points to subtle alterations in signal transduction that reverberate downstream both intra- and extracellularly to produce the symptoms of bipolar disorder...

..Myelination of white matter in the brain continues throughout adolescence and early adulthood. This cortical immaturity has been suggested as a potential cause of dangerous and impulsive behaviors in adolescence...

..This mismatch anxiety motivates people to switch their choices in the direction of the consensus. Our data suggest that this is a major force behind the conformity observed in music tastes in some teenagers...

..The authors' goal was to determine whether patients with bipolar II disorder had altered regional brain responses to novel motor sequences...

..For pleasurable stimuli, these findings suggest that predictability modulates the response of human reward regions, and subjective preference can be dissociated from this response...

..This article reviews the basis of these techniques, their strengths and limitations, the underlying neurophysiology, and the future of functional neuroimaging...

..When analyzed with a conventional general linear model, a strong correlation to tapping frequency was identified, but the spatiotemporal dynamics were not apparent...

..From the laws of mass action and receptor occupancy, we show how behaviorally observed forms of nonlinear value functions can arise...

..Our results suggest that distinct, but overlapping networks are involved in the experiences of regret and rejoice...

..These results demonstrate a role of the striatum in coding nonrewarding salient events. In addition, a functional subdivision of the striatum according to the behavioral relevance of the stimuli is suggested...

..These specific phenomena are (a) negative discounting of future payoffs; (b) nonlinear probability weighting; (c) the experience of regret and rejoice when making a decision under risk...

..These results suggest that activity in the human striatum reflects the level of saliency associated with a stimulus, perhaps providing a signal to reallocate limited resources to important events...

..Such alterations in ACC activity might in turn contribute to cytokine-induced behavioral changes...

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..The present study provides evidence that the striatum's role in reward processing is dependent on the saliency associated with reward, rather than value or hedonic feelings...

..The parameter sensitivity of the model is discussed within the framework of existing behavioral and lesion data...

..These results identify the areas involved in a rhythm generation and the modulation of brain activity with the complexity...

..In the current experiment, we investigated the neurobiological basis of the influence of expert advice on financial decisions under risk...

..g., in determining the levels of mental activity, even if little is known about the underlying neurological processes...

..These data indicate that IFN-alpha as well as other cytokines of the innate immune response may target basal ganglia nuclei, thereby contributing to fatigue-related symptoms in medically ill patients...

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..In this project, we will use modern brain imaging techniques to see how social messages from peers and authority figures change risky decisions and which parts of the brain are responsible. ..

..In this project, we will use modern brain imaging techniques to see how social messages from peers and authority figures change risky decisions and which parts of the brain are responsible. ..

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..Ultimately we anticipate that this will suggest new therapies that can be targeted towards the effects of both acute and chronic uncertainty. ..

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..The integration of bifurcation theory with continuous fMRI is anticipated to have a significant impact on the way in which fMRI experiments are conducted and will yield new techniques for the study of neuropsychiatric illness. ..

..Linking together two 3 T scanners, one at Emory University and one at Princeton University, the biological substrates associated with human-human interaction will be compared to human-computer interaction. ..

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