A Sherwood

..Blunted nighttime blood pressure dipping is an established cardiovascular risk factor. This study examined the effect of job strain on nighttime blood pressure dipping among men and women with high blood pressure...

..The effects of daytime physical activity and nighttime sleep quality on BP dipping were also examined...

..The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of changes in symptoms of depression over a 1-year period on subsequent clinical outcomes in heart failure (HF) patients...

..This study examined the relationships of BP dipping to ethnicity, body mass index (BMI), sleep quality, and fall in sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity during the sleep-period...

..Sympathetic nervous system activity and cardiovascular adrenergic receptor (AR) function were also examined...

..However, ethnic differences in ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) regulation have not been examined...

..We evaluated age and coronary heart disease (CHD) as potential moderators of the effects of 17beta-estradiol on vascular endothelial function in postmenopausal women...

..However, patients with heart failure (HF) have been less frequently studied, and the effect of depression on prognosis, independent of disease severity, is uncertain...

..The purpose of this study was to assess whether depressive symptomatology was associated with vascular endothelial dysfunction in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD)...

..Factors accounting for these individual differences are poorly understood. The present study examined the relationship of vascular endothelial function to stress-induced hemodynamic responses...

..Potential applications, including the assessment of 24-h hemodynamic profiles, are illustrated and discussed...

..The roles of the sympathetic nervous system and of social support in this putative relationship were also evaluated...

....

..In conclusion, combining aerobic exercise with the DASH diet and caloric restriction improves neurocognitive function among sedentary and overweight/obese individuals with prehypertension and hypertension...

..Lower 24-hour BP load may be a pathway through which religiosity and cardiovascular health are related...

..Lifestyle modifications have been recommended as the initial treatment strategy for lowering high blood pressure (BP). However, evidence for the efficacy of exercise and weight loss in the management of high BP remains controversial...

..These results suggest that emotional responsivity may represent an individual difference characteristic that is associated with an increased likelihood of exhibiting myocardial ischemia in both the laboratory and the real-world setting...

..These observations suggest that blunted nighttime BP dipping may contribute to increased cardiovascular disease risk in postmenopausal women...

..In conclusion, results suggest that stress responsivity as a long-term predictor is modulated by both genetic and environmental factors...

..CONCLUSIONS: Perceived racism and anger inhibition are independently related to higher ABP. Both may contribute to the incidence of hypertension and hypertensive-related diseases observed in African Americans...

..27, P=0.08). ED was associated with greater CVD risk and impaired vascular endothelial function in depressed men. CVD risk factors may affect ED through impairment of vascular endothelial function...

..These data support the role of behavioural interventions in the treatment of patients with elevations in BP...

..Reduced plasma volume may be one mechanism by which mental stress may increase the risk for acute coronary events...

..This study examined whether fasting plasma glucose (FPG) or fasting plasma insulin (FPI) is associated with reductions in baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) in healthy volunteers...

..This study examines the acute effects of moderate aerobic exercise on 1) hemodynamic and sympathetic activity during behavioral stress and 2) beta-adrenergic receptor responsivity in a biracial sample of 24 sedentary adults...

..This study examined whether anxiety is associated with reductions in vagal control of heart rate in healthy volunteers...

..Postmenopausal estrogen replacement, with or without progestins, has been related to lower cardiovascular risks...

....

..These findings suggest that psychosocial traits that have been linked to cardiovascular disease may be associated with more marked cardiovascular activation occurring in response to negative emotions experienced throughout the day...

..CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that exercise, especially when combined with weight loss, reduces BP levels at rest and in situations that typically elevate BP such as intense physical activity and emotional distress...

....

..The aim of this study is to examine ethnic differences in depressive symptoms and antidepressant treatment in a cohort of patients undergoing diagnostic coronary angiography...

..Impaired beta-adrenergic receptor function, which is a common characteristic of cardiovascular disease, may be a marker of increased cardiovascular disease risk among individuals high in hostility and low in social support...

....

..This study aimed to investigate changes in depressive symptoms in hypertensive individuals participating in an exercise and weight loss intervention...

..Results suggest that persistence of the BP response following stress may be a more salient characteristic of the stress response in understanding its potential impact on longer term cardiovascular regulation...

..We assessed the effects of aerobic exercise on neurocognitive function in a randomized controlled trial of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD)...

..We therefore investigated the relationship between IMT and age of first depressive episode in a sample of 202 adults (age range 40-81 years) with major depression (MDD)...

..Methodological issues in the assessment and treatment of hypertension are discussed, along with possible mechanisms by which lifestyle modification may reduce elevated blood pressure...

..Elevated depressive symptoms have been linked to poorer prognosis in heart failure (HF) patients. Our objective was to identify coping styles associated with depressive symptoms in HF patients...

....

....

..7, (95% confidence interval 1.1 to 2.6, p = 0.011). In conclusion, reductions in the LVEF during mental stress are prospectively associated with adverse clinical outcomes...

..Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular and metabolic disease...

..Despite clinically significant reductions in blood pressure, the DASH diet alone, without caloric restriction or exercise, resulted in minimal improvements in insulin sensitivity or lipids...

....

..To examine the association between cerebral hyperintensities and cerebrovascular risk factors (CVRF) among middle-aged and older adults with major depressive disorder (MDD)...

..To examine a 1-year follow-up of a 4-month, controlled clinical trial of exercise and antidepressant medication in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD)...

..05). These data suggest that the SNS may contribute to individual differences in nighttime BP dipping, and appears to account in part for blunted BP dipping in African Americans...

..Moreover, these findings suggest that the financial benefits that accrue from an appropriately targeted intervention may be substantial and immediate...

..However, methodological limitations of previous studies have raised questions about the value of exercise, and no study has compared the effects of exercise with standard anti-depressant medication in depressed cardiac patients...

....

..These results suggest that RWT is an important determinant of the association between cardiac mass and exercise SBP response...

..The present paper reviews the evidence that depression is a risk factor for the development and progression of coronary artery disease (CAD)...

....

..To examine the biological correlates associated with histories of sexual or physical abuse in women meeting DSM criteria for premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) and in healthy, non-PMDD controls...

..1 +/- 1.2) and normal (27.3 +/- 0.6) geometries. The LV geometric pattern was found to be associated with exercise capacity in unmedicated, hypertensive patients, such that patients with concentric hypertrophy showed reduced capacity...

..Observational studies have shown that psychosocial factors are associated with increased risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, but the effects of behavioral interventions on psychosocial and medical end points remain uncertain...

..In the context of clinical pain assessment, it may be important to consider the possibility that descriptions of painful sensations reflect, in part, demographic characteristics...

..Neuropsychological deficits are common among adults with MDD, particularly among those with CVRFs and potentially persons with subclinical vascular disease...

..The present paper reviews theories of social support and evidence for the role of social support in the development and progression of coronary heart disease (CHD)...

..The observed inverse association between higher level of depressive symptoms and ischemic activity needs to be further assessed in large samples...

..It also examined individual differences predicting concordance between objective and subjective hot flashes...

..Perhaps high blood pressure readings recorded during the follicular phase should be reexamined during the luteal phase before considering pharmacologic intervention...

..Of available self-rated social phobia scales, none assesses the spectrum of fear, avoidance, and physiological symptoms, all of which are clinically important. Because of this limitation, we developed the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN)...

....

..g., anger, stress, sadness) with decreases in high- and low-frequency power, whereas higher levels of positive emotion were related to an increase in low-frequency power, independent of age, posture, and medications...

..The frequency of physiologically monitored sleep hot flashes, as opposed to reported sleep hot flashes, may be independent of problems with sleep and mood among menopausal women...

....

....

..These results suggest that menopause is associated with hemodynamic changes and left ventricular remodeling, which may contribute to the enhanced cardiovascular risk observed in postmenopausal women...

..Results suggest that the Social Competence Interview may be a broadly useful procedure for investigating the role of threat-induced vigilance in cardiovascular and other diseases...

....

..Although lifestyle interventions are efficacious in lowering blood pressure, evidence that they have a beneficial effect on target organs has been lacking...