Kevin A Schulman

..However, this association may be confounded by PET-induced stage migration and selection bias. We examined the association between PET use and overall survival among Medicare beneficiaries with NSCLC...

..To evaluate the impact of regulatory scenarios on the financial viability of medical device companies...

....

....

..It is unclear whether research conducted at academic institutions adheres to these new standards...

..Our goal was to assess the effect of PRWORA on hospital uncompensated care in the United States...

..A new approach to reimbursement in the United States offers a balance between evidence and incentives for molecular diagnostic tests...

..In doing so, we introduce the articles in this supplemental section, which address some of the unique concerns of outcomes researchers and outline the most important challenges confronting this research community...

..We examined the relationship between patients' reactions to standard informed consent language and their willingness to participate in a hypothetical clinical trial...

..The difference will be smaller or nonexistent in settings where brand-name ACE inhibitors are prescribed...

..To examine the clinical outcomes and costs associated with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia among hemodialysis-dependent patients...

..Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of infection in patients with ESRD. Clinical and economic outcomes associated with S. aureus bacteremia and other S. aureus infections in patients with ESRD were examined...

..Findings from previous studies of the effects of exercise training on patient-reported health status have been inconsistent...

..Alternative methods that weight process measures according to how hospitals organize care and the range for possible improvement may be more closely related to patient outcomes...

..Anecdotal reports suggest that these adjustments may have negatively affected access to chemotherapy for Medicare beneficiaries...

..We examined associations between patient-reported measures of health-related quality of life and clinical indicators of disease severity in a large, heterogeneous sample of patients with heart failure...

..The objective of this study was to determine whether patient satisfaction is associated with adherence to practice guidelines and outcomes for acute myocardial infarction and to identify the key drivers of patient satisfaction...

..We sought to compare findings of a national survey of perceptions of racial/ethnic discrimination in healthcare to those of a community survey, with emphasis on the perceptions of Latinos...

..Previous studies have not confirmed associations between some current performance measures for inpatient heart failure processes of care and postdischarge outcomes. It is unknown if alternative measures are associated with outcomes...

..Heart failure is a common cause of death among Medicare beneficiaries, but little is known about health care resource use at the end of life...

....

..Our findings have implications not only for care of patients but also for the conduct of international trials...

..CONCLUSIONS: The results of the current study demonstrate that compared with IFN+LDAC, imatinib is a cost-effective first-line therapy in patients with newly diagnosed chronic-phase CML...

..In conclusion, resource use and associated medical costs in the last year of life differed markedly in patients with HF who experienced SCD and patients who died of other causes...

..Twelve-week mortality and costs that are associated with an episode of SAB are high in hemodialysis patients, regardless of vascular access type. Efforts should focus on the prevention of SAB in this high-risk group...

..Interventions to inform blacks and Latinos about their health risks must strike a balance between creating enough health concern to encourage health behavior but not so much that it interferes with health-promoting behaviors...

..Considerable differences in understanding of conflict of interest policies were observed between IRB and COIC officials...

..In a prospective, longitudinal cohort of community-dwelling elderly from 4 regions, we examined the long-term costs and resource use of elderly patients with HF...

..aureus bacteremia on patients with prosthetic devices. This investigation sought to define the clinical outcome, health care resource use, and infection-associated costs of S. aureus bacteremia in patients with prostheses...

..In 2003, Medicare expanded coverage of ventricular assist devices as destination, or permanent, therapy for end-stage heart failure. Little is known about the long-term outcomes and costs associated with these devices...

..Relationships between long-term use and level of dual antiplatelet therapy and outcomes after drug-eluting stent implantation are not well established...

..Access to health care varies according to a person's race and ethnicity. Delaying treatment is one measure of access with important health consequences...

..To examine trends in the treatment of newly diagnosed neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD)...

..We examined factors that influence the participation of gastroenterologists and hepatologists in clinical research...

..To examine trends in resource use and the effect of incident diabetic macular edema (DME) on 1- and 3-year total direct medical costs in elderly patients...

..We examined geographic variation in and predictors of carotid endarterectomy and carotid stenting...

..The clinical effectiveness of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) in older patients with heart failure has not been established, and older patients have been underrepresented in previous studies...

..Further studies are needed to determine the optimum application for CABG vs. DES as a second or third revascularization procedure...

..Inpatient care is the primary driver of costs for patients with heart failure. It is unclear whether recent advances in heart failure care have reduced the costs to Medicare for the care of inpatients with heart failure...

..CONCLUSIONS: Thirty-day mortality rates were higher for Medicare patients hospitalized with acute MI in December than in other months, although the use of evidence-based therapies was not significantly lower...

..Recent efforts to improve care for patients hospitalized with heart failure have focused on process-based performance measures. Data supporting the link between current process measures and patient outcomes are sparse...

..We examined whether authors' financial interests were disclosed consistently in articles on coronary stents published in 2006...

..Understanding the long-term effects on the developing brain of early and prolonged exposure to atypical antipsychotics is crucial given their use in pediatric populations...

..There were no significant cost differences between patients receiving zoledronic acid and those receiving pamidronate...

....

..We sought to estimate the annual incidence and prevalence of heart failure and associated survival in elderly persons from January 1, 1994, through December 31, 2003...

..Delineation of the various approaches to multinational economic evaluation may assist researchers, peer reviewers, journal editors, and decision makers in evaluating the strengths and limitations of particular studies...

..To explore relationships between beta-cell function and incident cardiovascular events, death, and medical costs among elderly individuals...

..Little is known about the effects of investigators' financial disclosures on potential research participants...

..Guidelines recommend that exercise training be considered for medically stable outpatients with heart failure. Previous studies have not had adequate statistical power to measure the effects of exercise training on clinical outcomes...

..This article addresses the Heart Failure and A Controlled Trial Investigating Outcomes of Exercise TraiNing (HF-ACTION) gated SPECT imaging (gSPECT) substudy baseline results...

..The relationship between the number of sessions attended and long-term outcomes is unknown...

..To assess the impact of vasospasm on costs, length of stay, and mortality among inpatients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage...

..LEP individuals should have fair access to clinical research in order to fully realize individual and societal benefits of their participation and to ensure the generalizability of scientific discovery...

....

..This critique has been a substantial part of congressional debate on the program, which is due to expire in 2007...

..We sought to quantify the longitudinal effects on patient-reported outcomes of skeletal-related events (SREs) and to ascertain the declines in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and pain experienced by patients who experienced SREs...

..We sought to compare the incidence of new onset diabetes among patients receiving atypical antipsychotics, traditional antipsychotics or antidepressants...

..Decision makers must evaluate the differences in costs and efficacy measures that are most relevant from their perspectives...

..However, there are few data regarding the costs of HF with normal EF. In a prospective, population-based cohort of elderly participants, we compared the costs and resource use of patients with HF and normal and reduced EF...

..The authors sought to characterize a special form of numeracy among patients with advanced cancer who were offered participation in Phase I oncology clinical trials...

..To examine the relationship between N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and exercise capacity in a large contemporary cohort of patients with chronic heart failure...

..Reports that patients with heart failure and anemia incur greater costs and medical resource use have relied largely on data with limited clinical detail...

....

..Imaging is the fastest growing expense for Medicare but has not been examined among beneficiaries with cancer...

....

..Future research should use individual-level data to assess whether these findings reflect a reduction in abuse and diversion or suboptimal treatment of pain...

..The Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS), a population-based prospective cohort study, has been used to identify major risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease and stroke in the elderly...

..Studies of conflicts of interest in clinical research have focused on academic centers, but most clinical research takes place in nonacademic settings...

..Pharmaceutical claims databases can be important tools for accomplishing this task, though clinical and laboratory data are needed to improve the sensitivity and specificity of patient-specific alerts...

..In patients not taking ACE inhibitors, valsartan was economically attractive, increasing survival while reducing or marginally increasing overall costs...

..Little is known about the use of PSA testing in these men. To understand policy implications of risk stratification, the authors sought to characterize PSA use among young men...

....

..We present a method to link hospitalization records from registries with Medicare inpatient claims data, without using direct identifiers, to create a unique data source that pairs rich clinical data with long-term outcome data...

..Patients with SCD who underwent cholecystectomy or hip replacement required more health care resources than patients without SCD. Am. J. Hematol. 2009. (c) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc...

..CONCLUSIONS: Community-dwelling, hemodialysis-dependent patients hospitalized with MRSA bacteremia face a higher mortality risk, longer hospital stays, and higher inpatient costs than do patients with MSSA bacteremia...

..CONCLUSIONS: Assuming the relation between CCyR and survival with interferon-alpha holds for imatinib, higher CCyR rates with imatinib therapy will result in an estimated 6.23 life-years gained compared with treatment with IFN+LDAC...

..By quantifying the insurance effect on expenditures among the elderly, the data reported here could reduce uncertainty in the budget estimation process...

....

..Individuals with no insurance coverage have higher total out-of-pocket prescription expenditures than those with coverage...

....

..Previous studies of sex differences in the use of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) predate recent expansions in Medicare coverage and did not provide patient follow-up over multiple years...

..The relationship between BMI and utilization of diagnostic or therapeutic procedures for coronary heart disease has not been examined...

..Concerns have been expressed about quality of for-profit hospitals and their use of expensive technologies...

....

..Little is known about the extent to which left ventricular function is assessed in real-world settings...

..The authors examined a range of patient characteristics to determine which factors were associated with greater expectations of benefit from Phase I trials...

..There is concern that participants misunderstand the trials to which they have consented, which is based on assumptions about what patients mean when responding to questions about likelihood of benefit...

..Recent studies of drug-eluting intracoronary stents suggest that current antiplatelet regimens may not be sufficient to prevent late stent thrombosis...

..However, the cost-effectiveness ratios for bisphosphonates are higher than commonly cited thresholds for conferring cost-effectiveness...

..To examine associations between therapies for age-related macular degeneration and risks of all-cause mortality, incident myocardial infarction, bleeding, and incident stroke...

..Integrating economic end points with concrete clinical outcomes postdischarge will provide meaningful data to evaluate a treatment's incremental value in the setting of ADHF...

..This finding supports the maintenance of an open environment for physician-industry collaboration in the medical device discovery process...

..We examined patient and implanting physician factors associated with outcomes of ICD therapy in Medicare beneficiaries from 2002 through 2005...

..Research on individual differences in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) can identify intervention targets and important covariates in analyses of treatment outcomes...

..This study offers information for the debate on proposed changes to safety surveillance...

..We sought to examine associations between initiation of beta-blocker therapy and outcomes among elderly patients hospitalized for heart failure...

..To determine differences in mortality after admission for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and in use of noninvasive and invasive treatments for AMI between patients with and without dementia...

..We present an overview of the literature related to patient and physician decision making and quality of life in patients with advanced cancer, and we propose approaches to future decision-making models in cancer treatment...

..The trial will take place over 5 years with an initial 6 months for planning, training, and implementation; 3 years of enrollment; 1 year of follow-up; and 6 months for close out, analysis, and presentation. ..