D C Rockey

..The aim of this study was to determine whether ecNOS is produced by SECs, and, if so, to determine whether ecNOS- (mRNA/protein) or SEC-dependent production of NO varies after liver injury...

..This article emphasizes mechanisms underlying fibrogenesis, and reviews current antifibrotic therapies as well as potential future approaches...

..We aimed to assess the sensitivity of these three imaging tests...

..It is clear that CTC has great promise, but also that many questions about its use remain to be answered...

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..Such findings have obvious clinical implications and are expected to set the [figure: see text] stage for novel gene therapy approaches for treatment of patients with portal hypertension...

..The most effective therapies will probably be directed at the stellate cell. Approaches that address matrix remodeling (i.e., by enhancing matrix degradation or by inhibiting factors that prevent matrix breakdown) may be effective...

..Better methods are required to allow staff to adequately assess discomfort experienced by patients during these procedures...

..Although several reports have documented portions of the syndrome in patients with duodenal somatostatinomas, to our knowledge, this is the first report of the complete syndrome associated with a duodenal lesion...

..This finding has important implications for physicians considering different colon imaging tests...

..We hypothesized that a noninvasive test of liver fibrosis can accurately stage liver fibrosis. We prospectively evaluated the FIBROSpect II (FSII) biomarker panel versus pathology assessment and a quantitative measure of fibrosis...

..Training technologists to perform ACBE may help to alleviate the radiology staffing shortage in the United States...

..No viable tumor was identified in the explanted liver. This case establishes that long-term complications associated with PSC and biliary-enteric surgery such as CCA may become apparent in new grafts post-transplant...

..To retrospectively determine the cause of errors in air-contrast barium enema (ACBE) examination for detection of polyps 6 mm or larger...

..The development of safe, inexpensive, and reliable noninvasive fibrosis measurement tools remains a research priority in clinical hepatology...

..CONCLUSIONS: Air-contrast barium enema accurately detects colon cancer and diverticula. Its sensitivity for detection of polypoid lesions or adenomas is poor and was confounded by the presence of diverticula...

..Unfortunately, the available literature on this topic is limited. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to report our experience with provocative GI bleeding studies...

..This work implies that, to achieve comparable gene expression in the injured liver, higher adenoviral titers may be required, an important consideration as gene therapy in disease states is considered...

..The data highlight a critical role for PPARgamma during in vivo fibrogenesis and emphasize the importance of the PPARgamma pathway in stellate cells during liver injury...

..There were no complications of endoscopic therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic therapy can provide early hemostasis in some cases of acute diverticular hemorrhage. However, its value in preventing subsequent diverticular bleeding is unclear...

..These data provide a basis for further study of interferon gamma-1b in patients with chronic fibrosing liver disease...

..Thus, decisions concerning care for patients with acute LGIB should be based on individual experience and local expertise...

..We conclude that during liver injury and wound healing, stellate cell endothelin-1 production is, at least partially, stimulated by ETs via autocrine mechanisms that occur at the level of ET converting enzyme-1...

..Such findings have major translational implications for therapeutic strategies aimed at TGF-beta...

..05 versus the control); in contrast ILK knockdown in vivo led to a significant reduction in fibrogenesis. We conclude that ILK plays an important pathophysiological role in vivo in liver wound healing...

..We aimed to evaluate the ability of capsule endoscopy (CE) to detect small intestine (SI) lesions, especially SI varices, in patients with intrahepatic cirrhosis, portal hypertension (PHTN), and chronic anemia...

..As the potential of this or other similar compounds for treatment of portal hypertension is evaluated, effects on the systemic vasculature will also need to be considered...

..Treatment for vascularectasias, the most common cause of obscure GI bleeding, is currently inadequate,and typically requires a combination of multiple management approaches...

..02) inflammatory grade (P=.02), and fibrosis (P=.07). Six months of a low-carbohydrate, ketogenic diet led to significant weight loss and histologic improvement of fatty liver disease. Further research is into this approach is warranted...

..In the current study, we tested whether overexpression of PSTI-I in mice protects against chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic fibrosis...

..Thus, an important mechanism underlying impaired activity of eNOS in injured sinusoidal endothelial cells is defective phosphorylation of Akt caused by overexpression of GRK2 after injury...

..The possibility that the same or similar regulatory events are present in other forms of wound healing is raised...

..Taken together, the data elucidate a G-protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway for ETB receptor-mediated NO production and call attention to the absolute requirement for heterotrimeric G-protein betagamma subunits in this cascade...

..Although early colonoscopy appears to shorten hospital length of stay, prospective studies of inpatient colonoscopy are needed to determine the impact of this approach on outcomes...

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..To retrospectively evaluate if false-negative interpretations at computed tomographic (CT) colonography are due to observer error...

..The aggregate data has not only helped lead to an understanding of the pathophysiologic basis of hepatic fibrogenesis, but it has also provided an important context with which to base novel antifibrotic therapy...

..We speculate that TGF-beta signaling proceeds through differential signaling pathways depending on the mechanism of liver injury that leads to stellate cell activation...

..Up-regulation of leptin signaling in liver injury could contribute to enhanced fibrogenesis, particularly in states in which leptin levels are high...

..Anticoagulation and antiplatelet medications may potentiate GI bleeding, and their use may lead to an increased need for a GI endoscopy. We hypothesized that there might be different practice patterns among international endoscopists...

..3, Table 2). In patients who have aggressive bleeding or recurrent bleeding, it is critical for the practitioner to judge when angiography and surgery are necessary...

..To the extent that transient elastography is able to measure "liver stiffness," which is proportional to the degree of liver fibrosis, this technique holds great promise...

..We hypothesized that size measurement by CT colonography varies substantially compared with measurement by other methods...

..For primary and secondary prevention of esophageal variceal hemorrhage, beta-blockers remain the mainstay therapy...

..Given the central role of stellate cell activation in hepatic fibrogenesis (and portal hypertension), effective therapy for hepatic fibrogenesis is most likely will be directed at this event...

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..Both groups of patients are clinically challenging and require a focused and experienced team approach to diagnosis and therapy...