I M Lipkus

..Areas of future research are provided that it is hoped will help illuminate future best practices...

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..The authors suggest additional research is needed to develop more effective strategies for communicating genetic risk feedback to motivate smoking cessation...

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..These findings suggest that lung age and respiratory symptoms feedback does not translate readily into appreciable changes in motivation to quit as well as do other often reported mediators of change (e.g., perceived risks and worries)...

..These results suggest that: 1) more attention needs to be given to developing strategies to affect perception of CRC risk, and 2) increasing the perceived severity of CRC is an important construct to increase FOBT screening...

..However, refinements in telephone-counseling approaches may be needed to achieve the success observed in adult populations...

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..These results suggest that women evaluate risk feedback containing either point estimates or range of risks as equally acceptable. Both formats lead to short-term reductions in perceived risk (i.e., greater accuracy)...

..Counter to many theories of health behavior, reducing women's perceived risk of breast cancer did not lower their intentions to get mammograms. Implications for the communication of breast cancer risk are discussed...

..Here, we examine how highly educated participants performed on a general and an expanded numeracy scale. The latter was designed within the context of health risks...

..Women who had an abnormal mammogram within 2 years prior to the baseline interview were more likely to be on schedule for mammography, compared with women who never had an abnormal mammogram...

..Refinement of the RFQ is needed to assess intrinsic motivators other than health concerns and to identify salient motivators for young and male smokers...

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..88 vs 1.31, respectively; p=0. 02). Prospective studies are needed to understand the psychological impact of cancer diagnosis and how it might facilitate or impede the adoption of health promoting behaviors...

..CONCLUSION: Women's interest in chemoprevention might arise more from worries about getting breast cancer than from their objective risk factors...

..This paper discusses specific obstacles for recruitment and solutions. Knowing the potential pitfalls to recruiting pregnant women into these trials can lead to better studies and thus improved outcomes...

..The FRESH START trial tested the efficacy of sequentially tailored versus standardized mailed materials on improving cancer survivors' diet and exercise behaviors...

..This study examines whether adding nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) to cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for pregnant smokers increases rates of smoking cessation...

..They hope that the proposed functions and theoretical framework will spur more research to determine how an understanding of health numeracy can lead to more effective communication and decision outcomes...

..05). Several differences exist between self-referred and registry-ascertained participants, including motivation to respond to standardized educational materials, which appears significantly greater in self-referred populations...

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..Results suggest that numeracy influences a patient's ability to interpret numerical estimates of treatment efficacy from decision aids such as Adjuvant!...

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..48) in analyses that lagged results 15 years from initial union membership. Additional etiologic research is needed to evaluate possible occupational and nonoccupational risk factors for testicular cancer...

..Providers may need additional training and prompting to counsel young healthy smokers about the importance of cessation...

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..Potential predictors were Theory of Planned Behavior constructs, previous barriers, previous mammography maintenance, and age...

..To examine if parental smoking modifies the association between parent-child connectedness and parental disapproval of youth smoking with smoking behavior among minority youth...

..Further research is needed to determine the mechanisms through which RPFNA results affect the decision to use tamoxifen, or any other breast cancer chemopreventive agent...

..Outcomes include proportion who logged on to the study website to consider testing, made informed decisions to log on and to be tested...

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..99; confidence interval, 1.03-8.64; P = 0.04). Future research is needed to understand how young adults will respond to genetic susceptibility feedback that confirms or contradicts their expectations about personal risks of smoking...

..Numerous groups have called for informed decision making about mammography, but few programs have resulted. Our research is intended to fill this gap...

..The main benefits of mammography come from regular on-schedule screening. However, few studies have examined interventions to achieve repeat screening...

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..We further examine how the cognitive and emotional reactions (e.g. counter-arguing) to the test result mediate perceptions of lung cancer risks and worry (Aim 2). ..

..g., quit attempts, amount smoked, and actual cessation). ..