Richard S E Keefe

..New insights into the demands of CIAS trial design and methodology may help increase the probability of identifying treatments with beneficial effect on cognitive impairment in schizophrenia...

..However, the feasibility of large-scale multisite studies using cognitive remediation at clinical trials sites has not been established...

..This post-hoc analysis evaluates the relationships among cognition, psychopathology, and psychosocial functioning in patients with schizophrenia at baseline and following sustained treatment with antipsychotic drugs...

..They also suggest that the measures being considered as potential co-primary indicators of cognitive function for registration trials are significantly correlated with cognition as assessed by brief cognitive assessments...

..Multiple analyses suggested that a broad cognitive deficit characterizes this sample. These deficits are modestly related to negative symptoms and essentially independent of positive symptom severity...

..The time course and predictive value of cognitive deficits in the development of psychosis has not been established...

..4) Before a multisite efficacy trial is initiated, a pilot study could demonstrate the feasibility of conducting a trial using a cognitive remediation intervention...

..A significant and surprisingly large placebo/practice effect was observed among placebo-treated patients, and is a serious consideration in future clinical trial study designs for potential cognitive enhancing compounds in schizophrenia...

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..The relative effect of the second-generation (atypical) antipsychotic drugs and older agents on neurocognition has not been comprehensively determined...

..Given the current emphasis on the development of cognitive treatments, the evaluation of cognition in schizophrenia is an essential component of mental health education...

..The authors sought to compare the effects of olanzapine, quetiapine, and risperidone on neurocognitive function in patients with early psychosis...

..Therefore, cognitive deficits should be included in the diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia. Clinicians need to focus treatment options on helping patients to regain premorbid levels of cognitive functioning...

..Suggestions for overcoming these implementation challenges are offered...

..An education-correction factor was calculated and recommended only for non-schizophrenia patients. Eight different verbal memory tests were found to have equivalent levels of difficulty...

..This study addresses whether the MCCB demonstrates these favorable characteristics when administered in the context of the type of large multi-site industry trial for which it was designed...

..Haloperidol-treated patients improved only on domains of learning/memory. However, patients able to remain in treatment for the entire 52 weeks benefited more from olanzapine or risperidone treatment than haloperidol treatment...

..This deficit, termed autonoetic agnosia, may result in the conclusion that self-generated thoughts come from an external source...

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..76) and healthy controls (r=0.90). These psychometric properties make the BACS a promising tool for assessing cognition repeatedly in patients with schizophrenia, especially in clinical trials of cognitive enhancement...

..This study compares the neurocognitive effects of olanzapine and low doses of haloperidol in patients with first-episode psychosis...

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..This study describes the reliability and validity of a new interview-based assessment of cognition, the Schizophrenia Cognition Rating Scale (SCoRS), that involves interviews with patients and informants...

..Neurocognitive deficits are severe in first-episode psychosis...

..This study examined the relative effects of the second-generation antipsychotic drugs and an older representative agent on psychosocial functioning in patients with chronic schizophrenia...

..This randomized, double-blind study compared olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone, and ziprasidone in patients who had just discontinued a different atypical antipsychotic...

..This randomized, double-blind study compared olanzapine, quetiapine, and risperidone in patients who had just discontinued the older antipsychotic perphenazine...

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..We describe the characteristics of the patients who selected each treatment option and their outcomes...

..We compared the response to antipsychotic treatment between patients with and without tardive dyskinesia (TD) and examined the course of TD...

..Patient characteristics and clinical circumstances affected drug effectiveness; these patient factors are important in making treatment choices...

..We investigated whether conversion to psychosis and/or olanzapine altered the neuropsychological course of subjects within the first-ever double blind medication study of the putative schizophrenia first episode prodrome...

..We compared a first-generation antipsychotic, perphenazine, with several newer drugs in a double-blind study...

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..The current study was designed to further examine the efficacy and safety of MK-0777 for the treatment of cognitive impairments in schizophrenia...

..This raises the possibility that antipsychotics might alter such pathomorphologic progression in early-stage schizophrenia...

..Findings are suggestive of a neurotoxic effect of cannabis on the adolescent brain and highlight the importance of prevention and policy efforts targeting adolescents...

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..On current evidence it is impossible to know which of these associations may be real, although in total they form a valuable resource that is immediately available to the scientific community...

..To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of armodafinil, the longer-lasting isomer of modafinil, as adjunctive therapy in patients with schizophrenia...

..Early detection and prospective evaluation of clinical high-risk (CHR) individuals who may develop schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders is critical for predicting psychosis onset and for testing preventive interventions...

..The relationship of performance on the different versions of the CPT with measures of psychopathology, functioning, and other aspects of cognition was also examined...

..Mean BACS and MCCB composite scores were correlated (r(s)=0.74, p<0.0001). Pregnenolone may be a promising therapeutic agent for negative symptoms and merits further investigation for cognitive symptoms in schizophrenia...

..Future studies should determine whether responses to pharmacological and remediation treatments can be captured with brief assessments as well...

..However, it is not clear whether these symptoms are associated with the same extensive risk factors established for adult schizophrenia...

..We review literature suggesting that a system of memory-based prediction is central to human perception, thought and action , and forward the notion that many of the symptoms of schizophrenia are a result of a failure of this system...

..Cognitive deficits are a core feature of schizophrenia. These deficits are not caused by medication or symptoms, and have a dramatic negative effect on real-world functioning...

..This constellation of symptoms corresponds with the profile of most patients currently diagnosed as suffering from schizophrenia. In this paper we describe how these deficits can lead to the various symptoms of schizophrenia...

..about premorbid cognitive deficits: What is their developmental course? Do all premorbid cognitive deficits follow the same course? Are premorbid cognitive deficits specific to schizophrenia or shared by other psychiatric disorders?..

..Therefore, the association of genetic variation in AKT1 with neurocognition was investigated in patients with schizophrenia...

..CONCLUSIONS: Concomitant use of psychotropic medications to treat people with schizophrenia is common. Empirical data demonstrating the effectiveness of many of these agents for this population are lacking...

..Further, the study suggests that this reasoning difference generalizes to events outside the DD subjects' delusional realm and can be evoked in an experimental environment...

..On balance, these data suggest that very few schizophrenia patients share identical genomic causation, potentially complicating efforts to personalize treatment regimens...

..e., a co-primary) that is considered functionally meaningful. The goal of the current study was to describe steps to evaluate four potential co-primary measures for psychometric properties and validity...

..Measures have not taken account of the relative importance patients place on various outcomes...

..To examine the clinical characteristics of individuals with schizophrenia that develop tardive dyskinesia (TD) associated with antipsychotic treatment...

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..The results from this meeting constitute the initial steps for reaching a consensus cognitive battery for clinical trials in schizophrenia...

..Thus, a much wider range of improvements, not widely produced by previous treatments, is required to take treatment for schizophrenia to a new level of effectiveness...

..This study evaluated the association of neurocognition and symptoms with measures of social and occupational functioning in the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE)...

..Statistical and cognitive interpretations of the findings are discussed...

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..S. community sample with the battery administered as a unit...

..Effects of risperidone on cognitive function in children with disruptive behavior disorders (DBDs) and subaverage intelligence quotient (IQ) were assessed...

..We were unable to replicate previous associations of rs6994992 with schizophrenia and, moreover, did not find significant associations with age of onset, an estimate of pre-morbid IQ, or neurocognition...

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..Second-generation antipsychotics have largely replaced first-generation antipsychotics for the treatment of schizophrenia, but a large-scale cost/effectiveness analysis has not been attempted...

..Consistent with other CATIE results, there were no differences in employment or participation in PSR among these five medications, including the FGA perphenazine...

..Neural cell adhesion molecule 1 (NCAM1, aliases NCAM and CD56) may be a candidate gene for schizophrenia or for neurocognition in schizophrenia as supported by linkage and functional findings...

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