THOMAS JAMES SMITH

..Finally, the structure of cucumber mosaic virus bound to a loop involved in aphid transmission demonstrated the importance of the context of antigen presentation and what happens when an antibody binds near an icosahedral symmetry axis...

..Ciliates, the 'missing link' in GDH evolution, might have created the antenna to accommodate changing organelle functions and was refined in humans to, at least in part, link amino acid catabolism with insulin secretion...

..These results support the previous proposal that purines regulate GDH activity by altering the dynamics of the NAD binding domain. Finally, a possible structural mechanism for negative cooperativity is presented...

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..These results demonstrate that EGCG, much like the activator of GDH (BCH), can facilitate dissecting the complex regulation of insulin secretion by pharmacologically modulating the effects of GDH...

..This suggests that there was some selective advantage of the antenna itself and that animals evolved new functions for GDH through the addition of allosteric regulation...

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..Thus, our results indicate that the "leucine gate" in sMMO is more important in controlling the precision of regioselectivity than the sizes of substrates that can enter the active site...

..Therefore, these new compounds not only are new leads in the treatment of hyperactive GDH but also are useful in dissecting the complex allosteric nature of the enzyme...

..From these results, we suggest that this region might be a sensor for high periplasmic levels of zinc...

..The binding of bicarbonate and metal appears to be highly cooperative and suggests that CmpA may co-transport bicarbonate and calcium or that calcium acts a cofactor in bicarbonate transport...

..Therefore, this region apparently has remarkably diverse functions that may be distributed unevenly among the quasi-equivalent A, B, and C subunits...

..Interestingly, the residues lining the ligand binding pockets suggest that they both bind nitrate. This implies that the nitrogen and carbon uptake pathways are synchronized by intracellular nitrate and nitrite...

..Finally, neither FutA1 nor FutA2 binds iron as a siderophore complex or in the presence of anions, and both preferentially bind ferrous over ferric ions...

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..These results support previous findings that methylotrophs possess multiple pathways for formaldehyde dissimilation...

..Therefore, while Mn2+ transporters can bind Zn2+ in vitro they may not be able to acquire it in vivo without this structure because of the low concentration of free Zn2+...

..Antibodies with such character have potential use as probes of viral assembly. Our results may provide an additional rationale for designing synthetic vaccines by using symmetrical viral particles...

..With these results, we have demonstrated proof of the principle for protein engineering of this uniquely versatile enzyme...

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..If successful, the methods developed here will also yield a rapid way to identify potential, conserved, vaccine targets for other antigenically diverse viruses as well. ..

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..These studies have the potential of changing the way we view the early steps in the viral infection process and will allow us to develop tools that are applicable to other viral systems. ..

..If successful, the methods developed here will also yield a rapid way to identify potential, conserved, vaccine targets for other antigenically diverse viruses as well. ..