Research Topics
| Louis Anthony Tony CoxSummaryAffiliation: Cox Associates Country: USA Publications
| Collaborators |
Detail Information
Publications
Quantifying human health risks from virginiamycin used in chickensLouis A Cox
Cox Associates, Denver, CO 80218, USA
Risk Anal 24:271-88. 2004..Sensitivity analyses indicate that this conclusion is robust to key data gaps and uncertainties, e.g., about the extent of resistance transfer from chickens to people...- Quantifying potential health impacts of cadmium in cigarettes on smoker risk of lung cancer: a portfolio-of-mechanisms approachLouis Anthony Tony Cox
Cox Associates and University of Colorado, 503 Franklin St, Denver, CO 80218, USA
Risk Anal 26:1581-99. 2006..Conservative estimates and assumptions made in this calculation suggest that the true impact could be greater for some smokers. This conclusion appears to be robust to many scientific uncertainties about Cd and smoking effects... - Evaluating and improving risk formulas for allocating limited budgets to expensive risk-reduction opportunitiesLouis Anthony Tony Cox
Risk Anal 32:1244-52. 2012.... - Symmetry, identifiability, and prediction uncertainties in multistage clonal expansion (MSCE) models of carcinogenesisLouis Anthony Cox
Cox Associates, Denver, CO 80218, USA
Risk Anal 27:1441-53. 2007..From epidemiological data alone, only a set of equally likely alternative predictions can be made for the effects on risk of such interventions... - Universality of J-shaped and U-shaped dose-response relations as emergent properties of stochastic transition systemsLouis Anthony Tony Cox
Cox Associates and University of Colorado, 503 Franklin Street, Denver, CO 80218, USA
Dose Response 3:353-68. 2005..With cytotoxicity present, U-shaped as well as J-shaped dose-response curves can emerge. These results are universal, i.e., independent of specific biological details represented by the stochastic transition networks... - Some limitations of frequency as a component of risk: an expository noteLouis Anthony Cox
Cox Associates and University of Colorado, Denver, CO 80218, USA
Risk Anal 29:171-5. 2009..More flexible descriptions of risky processes, such as point process models can avoid these limitations... - Overcoming confirmation bias in causal attribution: a case study of antibiotic resistance risksLouis Anthony Tony Cox
Cox Associates, Denver, CO, USA
Risk Anal 28:1155-72. 2008.... - A mathematical model of protease-antiprotease homeostasis failure in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)Louis Anthony Tony Cox
Cox Associates and University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA
Risk Anal 29:576-86. 2009..These and other predictions of the model are consistent with limited available human data... - Improving risk-based decision making for terrorism applicationsLouis Anthony Cox
Cox Associates and University of Colorado, USA
Risk Anal 29:336-41; discussion 342-3. 2009..These limitations of present scoring methods present exciting technical challenges and opportunities for risk analysts to develop improved methods for protecting facilities and infrastructure against terrorist threats... - Human health risk assessment of penicillin/aminopenicillin resistance in enterococci due to penicillin use in food animalsLouis Anthony Tony Cox
Cox Associates
Risk Anal 29:796-805. 2009..These calculations suggest that current penicillin usage in food animals in the United States presents very low (possibly zero) human health risks... - Assessing potential human health hazards and benefits from subtherapeutic antibiotics in the United States: tetracyclines as a case studyLouis Anthony Tony Cox
Risk Anal 30:432-57. 2010..QRAs for other STA uses in food animals also find that human health risks are vanishingly small. Whether such QRA calculations will guide risk management policy for animal antibiotics in the United States remains to be seen... - Some limitations of aggregate exposure metricsLouis Anthony Cox
Cox Associates, Inc, 503 Franklin Street, Denver, CO 80218, USA
Risk Anal 27:439-45. 2007.... - Does concern-driven risk management provide a viable alternative to QRA?Louis Anthony Tony Cox
Cox Associates, 503 Franklin Street, Denver, CO 80218, USA
Risk Anal 27:27-43. 2007.... - Bayesian Monte Carlo uncertainty analysis of human health risks from animal antimicrobial use in a dynamic model of emerging resistanceLouis Anthony Cox
Cox Associates, 503 Franklin Street, Denver, CO 80218, USA
Risk Anal 24:1153-64. 2004..S. population. Such quantitative estimates complement more qualitative assessments that discuss the possibility of future "resistance epidemics" (or endemics) without quantifying their probabilities... - Potential human health benefits of antibiotics used in food animals: a case study of virginiamycinLouis Anthony Cox
Cox Associates and University of Colorado, Denver 80218, United States
Environ Int 31:549-63. 2005..This qualitative conclusion appears to be robust to several scientific and modeling uncertainties... - Some limitations of qualitative risk rating systemsLouis Anthony Tony Cox
Cox Associates, Inc, Denver, CO 80218, USA
Risk Anal 25:651-62. 2005..These limitations suggest that it is important to continue to develop and apply practical quantitative risk assessment methods, since qualitative ones are often unreliable... - Optimal tracking and testing of U.S. and Canadian herds for BSE: a value-of-information (VOI) approachLouis Anthony Cox
Cox Associates, Denver, CO 80218, USA
Risk Anal 25:827-40. 2005..If aggressive tracking and testing can win back lost exports, then the VOI of a tracking program may increase to over half a billion dollars per year... - Quantifying potential human health impacts of animal antibiotic use: enrofloxacin and macrolides in chickensLouis Anthony Cox
Cox Associates, 503 Franklin Street, Denver, CO 80218 3623, USA
Risk Anal 26:135-46. 2006..This potentially important aspect of human health risk assessment for animal antibiotics has not previously been quantified... - Why reduced-form regression models of health effects versus exposures should not replace QRA: livestock production and infant mortality as an exampleLouis Anthony Tony Cox
University of Colorado, Denver, CO 80218, USA
Risk Anal 29:1664-71. 2009..Sound risk management requires the extra work needed to identify and model valid causal relations... - Some limitations of a proposed linear model for antimicrobial risk managementLouis Anthony Tony Cox
Cox Associates, Denver, CO 80218, USA
Risk Anal 25:1327-32. 2005..quot;.. - What's wrong with hazard-ranking systems? An expository noteLouis Anthony Tony Cox
Cox Associates and University of Colorado, USA
Risk Anal 29:940-8. 2009..Applying portfolio optimization methods instead of risk prioritization ranking, rating, or scoring methods can achieve greater risk-reduction value for resources spent... - Hormesis without cell killingLouis Anthony Tony Cox
Cox Associates and University of Colorado, 503 Franklin St, Denver, CO 80218, USA
Risk Anal 29:393-400. 2009..In addition, the examples presented emphasize the role of time in hormesis: exposures that monotonically increase risks at younger ages may nonetheless produce a U-shaped or J-shaped dose-response relation for lifetime risk of cancer... - Could removing arsenic from tobacco smoke significantly reduce smoker risks of lung cancer?Louis Anthony Cox
Cox Associates and University of Colorado, Denver, CO 80218, USA
Risk Anal 29:3-17. 2009..At present, this fraction is unknown (and could be as low as zero), but the possibility that it could be high (close to 1) cannot be ruled out without further data... - Estimating preventable fractions of disease caused by a specified biological mechanism: PAHs in smoking lung cancers as an exampleLouis Anthony Tony Cox
Cox Associates, 503 Franklin St, Denver, CO 80218, USA
Risk Anal 26:881-92. 2006.... - Clarifying types of uncertainty: when are models accurate, and uncertainties small?Louis Anthony Tony Cox
Cox Associates and University of Colorado, 503 Franklin St, Denver, CO 80218, USA
Risk Anal 31:1530-3; discussion 1538-42. 2011.... - Why risk is not variance: an expository noteLouis Anthony Tony Cox
Cox Associates, 503 Franklin Street, Denver, CO 80218, USA
Risk Anal 28:925-8. 2008..Unlike some previous analyses of limitations of variance as a risk metric, this expository note uses only simple mathematics and does not require the additional framework of von Neumann Morgenstern utility theory... - A causal model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) riskLouis Anthony Tony Cox
Cox Associates and University of Colorado, 503 Franklin Street, Denver, CO 80218, USA
Risk Anal 31:38-62. 2011.... - What's wrong with risk matrices?Louis Anthony Cox
Cox Associates and University of Colorado, 503 Franklin St, Denver, CO 80218, USA
Risk Anal 28:497-512. 2008..These limitations suggest that risk matrices should be used with caution, and only with careful explanations of embedded judgments... - An exposure-response threshold for lung diseases and lung cancer caused by crystalline silicaLouis Anthony Tony Cox
Cox Associates, 503 Franklin Street, Denver, CO 80218, USA
Risk Anal 31:1543-60. 2011..Applying this new model to epidemiological data, we conclude that current permissible exposure levels, on the order of 0.1 mg/m³, are probably below the threshold for triggering lung diseases in humans...