R M Gulick

..This suggests that the prospective evaluation of PSS to identify regimens that maximize decreases in VL to reduce the probability of virologic rebound could improve antiretroviral treatment...

..To compare a quadruple-nucleoside with an efavirenz-containing regimen for treatment of HIV-1 infection...

..The goal of antiretroviral therapy is maximally to suppress viremia, enhance or improve immune function, and prevent clinical progression...

..Vicriviroc, an investigational CCR5 inhibitor, demonstrated short-term antiretroviral activity in a phase 1 study...

..CC chemokine receptor 5 antagonists are a new class of antiretroviral agents...

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..Further research will help optimize current antiretroviral treatments and strategies...

..Investigational HIV integrase inhibitors include S-1360. Continued progress in the treatment of HIV disease will result from the development of new antiretroviral drugs...

..These results show that some patients who experience treatment failure can demonstrate durable virologic and immunologic responses with salvage antiretroviral regimens...

..Three-drug antiretroviral regimens are standard of care for initial treatment of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection, but a 4-drug regimen could improve antiretroviral activity and be more effective than a 3-drug regimen...

..Antiretroviral regimens containing HIV protease inhibitors suppress viremia in HIV-infected patients, but the durability of this effect is not known...

..18%; P=.002). Overall, one-third of patients who experienced virologic failure on an indinavir-containing regimen suppressed virus load levels while they were taking a new salvage regimen...

..7; P=.0012). In this study, most subjects who had taken amprenavir-based regimens and who changed to a 4-drug regimen achieved subsequent durable virologic suppression...

..Currently, STI cannot be recommended as part of routine clinical care. Prospective studies are needed to assess the risks and benefits of this strategy in all clinical settings...

..Combination antiretroviral therapy can markedly suppress human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication but the duration of HIV suppression varies among patients...

..Management of antiretroviral treatment failure in patients receiving protease inhibitor (PI)-containing regimens is a therapeutic challenge...

..04 log10 copies/mL, and 17 (63%) of 27 evaluable subjects had <500 HIV RNA copies/mL. Treatment with amprenavir, zidovudine, and lamivudine together reduced the levels of HIV RNA significantly more than did amprenavir monotherapy...

..Most subjects who discontinued study medications had HIV RNA levels suppressed on post-study therapy. Though based on a small group, this study demonstrates the durable effects of antiretroviral therapy...

..The antiretroviral effect of APV monotherapy was related to APV concentrations...

..05). Some HIV-infected patients concurrently treated with lopinavir/ritonavir and a third PI have viral suppression; many eventually discontinue therapy because of toxicity or virologic failure...

..Encouraging the active participation of HIV-positive persons in their own treatment will help avoid judgmental and inaccurate assessments of patient behavior and may help patients take medications more successfully...

..We rigorously examined associations over time among race, virologic failure, 4 self-reported adherence metrics, and quality of life (QOL)...

..Additional cohort and clinical trials data are needed...

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..Vicriviroc, an investigational CCR5 antagonist, demonstrated short-term safety and antiretroviral activity...

..43 to -0.05 log(10) copies/mL) for the lowest dose to -1.96 log(10) copies/mL (95% CI, -2.02 to -1.37 copies/mL) for the highest dose. These results indicate that T-1249 is a potent new therapeutic agent for HIV-1 infection...

..Chemokine coreceptor use impacts both the natural history of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) disease and the potential use of a new class of antiretroviral agents, the CCR5 inhibitors...

..This observation supports further evaluation of CCR5 antagonists in patients with discordant immunologic and virologic responses to ART...

..Nine percent to 26% of patients with CCR5-tropic virus by the original Trofile assay had CXCR4-using virus by TF-ES. Lower CD4 cell counts were associated with CXCR4-using virus in all cohorts...

..As an antiretroviral drug with a novel mechanism of action, raltegravir is an important advancement in HIV-1 treatment options...

..Continued improvement in the treatment of HIV infection will result from the availability of convenient, well-tolerated, and affordable drugs with potent and durable antiretroviral activity...

..The prevalence and significance of steatosis in patients coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and HCV are not well characterized...

..Diabetes mellitus (DM) is more prevalent among patients with HIV infection. Besides protease inhibitors (PIs), other factors may contribute to the development of DM...

..Improvement in neuropsychological performance was comparable in patients who were receiving efavirenz and those who were not...

..27 [95% confidence interval], 1.15-4.49; P = .018). These results support resistance testing before starting antiretroviral therapy...

..There were no significant differences among subgroups with respect to treatment responses. These results demonstrate the potency of efavirenz-containing regimens across a spectrum of pretreatment VLs and CD4 counts...

..These data indicate that GSS may be a useful tool in selecting drug regimens in HIV-1-infected subjects to maximize virologic response and improve treatment outcomes...

..The most common adverse events were gastrointestinal symptoms and lipid elevations. CONCLUSIONS: LPV/r-based therapy provides durable antiretroviral response and is generally well tolerated through 204 weeks of therapy...

..42%; adjusted odds ratio, 0.43). In this study, a greater proportion of females had HIV RNA levels </=500 copies/mL than did males, which can be attributed to higher concentrations of saquinavir in females than in males...

..Mean CD4 cell counts increased by 125 cells/muL. Three patients discontinued therapy for drug-related adverse events...

..Complete follow-up of all patients should be encouraged strongly as this will allow for several complementary analytic approaches and a focus on optimal treatment strategies rather than specific regimens...

..Evaluate efficacy and tolerability of lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) plus stavudine and lamivudine long term in antiretroviral-naïve patients...

..Efavirenz is metabolized by cytochrome P4502B6 (CYP2B6). We investigated whether polymorphisms in CYP2B6, CYP3A4, CYP3A5, and MDR1 were associated with efavirenz central nervous system side effects and pharmacokinetics...

..Lower plasma efavirenz clearance is associated with a cytochrome P450 2B6 gene (CYP2B6) polymorphism (516G-->T) that is more frequent among African American individuals than among European American individuals...

..The role of structured treatment interruption (STI) before optimized antiretroviral therapy (ART) in patients with drug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is uncertain...

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..To assess metabolic changes after initiation of protease inhibitor (PI)-sparing regimens in antiretroviral-naive patients...

..We also hope to inform the field regarding issues in choosing composite versus virological endpoints as well as other key considerations in trial design and monitoring...

..We sought to compare clearance rates of plasma human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA in men and women starting triple-nucleoside-based versus efavirenz (EFV)-based regimens...

..Self-reported adherence and saquinavir AUC were significant predictors of virologic response, in this evaluation. These findings provide insight into methods of assessing and improving adherence to antiretroviral regimens...

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..We sought to determine how much agreement exists within a group of experts in the interpretation of complex genotypes...

..Pretreatment V3 loop sequences reemerged following VCV discontinuation, implying that VCV resistance has associated fitness costs...

..A major focus of the Cornell unit is community outreach and education and the Cornell Community Advisory Board is active in representing our diverse community. ADMINISTRATIVE COMPONENT: ..

..Effective mentodng and training will help develop future clinical investigators. ..