S Potter

..The purpose of the study is to better define the unique character of normal mesangial cells, and to characterize their pathogenic and protective responses during diabetic nephropathy...

..Notes describe the fine points of each operation, which can often mean the difference between success and failure...

..Evolution is the result of natural selection acting on variant phenotypes. Both the rigid base sequence of DNA and the more plastic expression patterns of the genes present define phenotype...

..This strategy allowed us to define the changing gene expression states following induction and the onset of differentiation after birth...

..To better understand the functions of Pygopus-mediated canonical Wnt signaling in kidney development, targeted mutations were made in the two mammalian orthologs, Pygo1 and Pygo2...

..Advancing technologies are even allowing robust gene expression profiling of single cells. The final goal is the production of an exquisitely detailed atlas of the gene expression program that drives kidney development...

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..This was confirmed by in situ hybridizations. It is interesting to note that Lim1 and Dkk1 mutant mice have striking similarities in phenoytpe. These results suggest that the Dkk1 gene might be a key downstream effector of Lim1 function...

..These results identify the multiple molecular pathways downstream of Hox11 function in the developing kidney...

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..In situ hybridizations were used to confirm that selected novel genes were expressed in the developing kidney...

..In situ hybridizations were used to confirm that selected novel genes were expressed in the developing kidney...

..The resulting detailed molecular portrait of normal kidney development provides a baseline for studies of the many mouse mutants available with abnormal kidney development...

..Although many genes with important function in kidney morphogenesis have been described, it is clear that many more remain to be discovered. Microarrays allow a more global analysis of the genetic basis of kidney organogenesis...

..In summary, the resulting atlas of Hox gene expression provides a foundation for further study of the overlapping functions Hox genes in the developing kidney...

..These observations indicate that Sp8 functions downstream of Wnt3, Fgf10, and Bmpr1a in the signaling cascade that mediates AER formation...

..In addition, the results provide deeper insight into the genetic regulatory mechanisms of kidney development...

..This work suggests that the Integrin alpha8 gene may be a major effector of Hoxa 11/Hoxd 11 function in the developing kidney...

..It is interesting that Hox homeoboxes are interchangeable in this process, but are functionally distinct in other aspects of development...

..These results confirm old findings, and indicate the involvement of new genetic pathways in the cause and progression of FSGS...

..Together, our observations indicate an important role for Npas3 in controlling normal brain development and neurosignaling pathways...

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..The genes and genetic pathways identified in this study can be compared to results of similar studies of other diseases to examine specificity and used to study the pathogenesis of FSGS...

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..Further studies of this model may allow the identification of such factors...

..These studies provide a rich resource to facilitate further investigations of endothelial cell functions in kidney development, adult compartments, and disease...

..Comparison of this region in mouse and chicken showed seven insertion/deletions, with each a multiple of three bases, thereby preserving open reading frame...

..The GeneChip analysis generated a prioritized list of other potential targets. The utility and limitations of cell culture models combined with microarray analysis for elucidating complex regulatory cascades are discussed...

..These observations raise the possibility that a regulatory program controlled in inhibitory interneurons by the NPAS1 and NPAS3 transcription factors may be either substantively or tangentially relevant to psychosis...

..The results will provide deeper insight into the genetic program of limb development and might also find function for these genes in the formation of the brain and other organs. ..

..We propose to confirm these targets, to determine if they are direct or indirect, and to identify additional downstream genes responsive to Hoxa 11 or Lim1 expression. ..

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..Analysis of the complex orchestrations of gene expression defined in Specific Aim 1 will provide deeper insight into the genetic basis of the development of the distinct parts of the nephron. ..

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..Each aspect of analysis complements the others, providing a more complete understanding of the developmental process...

..We also propose to use direct selection to identify additional genes from the deleted region which are expressed in the limb and may be the source of the disruption in this signaling cascade. ..

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