John Z Wu

..The average VPAD can be determined using the proposed experimental method. It can serve as an alternative tool to quantify the severity of the vibration exposure for studying vibration-induced finger disorders...

..Therefore, it is feasible to speculate that biosynthetic responses of chondrocytes to cyclic loading depend on cell location and load magnitude...

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..The analysis method and results in the current study will be helpful in exploring the mechanism for musculoskeletal injuries of the hand associated with pipetting, providing a preliminary foundation for ergonomic design of the pipette...

..The proposed model can be used to predict the responses of the soft tissues in different depths to vibration exposures, providing valuable information and data that are essential for improving vibrotactile perception tests...

..Using the proposed approach, reliable material properties of soft tissues can be obtained in a cost- and time-efficient manner, which simultaneously improves the physiological relevance...

..The present analysis provided a theoretical explanation, from a biomechanical point-of-view, for the inconsistencies in the published experimental data for the biodynamic responses of fingerpad...

..8 mm). The model predictions are consistent with the published experimental observations...

..The proposed model will be useful for bioengineers and ergonomic designers to improve keyboard design minimizing musculoskeletal loadings in the fingers...

..The current predictions are qualitatively consistent with the physiological data collected from workers with vibration white finger...

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..g., ADPt and ADPo) can be represented by the averaged excursions of two strings. Our results show that the tendons with large PCSAs can be well represented biomechanically using the proposed approach in the major range of motion...

..79 times for the stilts walking compared to that for the normal walking. The proposed model would be useful for the engineers in their efforts to improve the stilts design to reduce musculoskeletal loadings and fall risk...

..The proposed approach will be useful for simulating musculoskeletal loading in the hand for occupational activities, thereby optimizing tool-handle design...

..The goal of the present study is to theoretically analyze the muscle forces in a thumb in response to the increased joint stiffness...

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..In the current study, we propose an approach to quantify the kinetic energy dissipated in the energy absorbing lanyard and in the harness/body system during fall impact...

..In the present study, we propose a novel method to determine the nonlinear-elastic behaviors of the skin and the subcutaneous tissue simultaneously using specimens of skin/subcutaneous composites...

..The present simulation results will be useful for ergonomic designers in their aim to improve the design of tool handles...

..The preindentation of the probe has been found to significantly reduce the trend of skin/probe decoupling. The simulation results show reasonably consistent trends with the reported experimental data...

..The present study represents an effort to develop a structural model of the fingertip that incorporates its anatomical structure, and the nonlinear and time-dependent properties of the soft tissues...

..The stress of the specimens obtained with the specimen/platen friction can be greater than those with the frictionless specimen/platen contact by more than 50%, even in well-controlled test conditions...

..The physical model was verified to characterize the nonlinear, rate-dependent force-displacement behaviors, force relaxations, and time-histories of force responses of fingertips during dynamic contact...

..It is well accepted that the swelling of soft tissues is associated with mechanical, chemical, and electrical events...

..The tendon stiffness measured by using the g-t-g displacement method may underestimate the actual mechanical properties of tendon by approximately 43%...

..The present model may serve as a useful tool to study the mechanism of tissue degeneration under vibratory loading encountered during operation of hand-held power tools...

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..The model predictions of the time-histories of force response of the fingertip and the phenomenon of fingertip separation from the contacting plate during cyclic loading agree well with the reported experimental observations...

..We assessed performance in this study; a more rigorous validation would likely require medical imaging...

..Our results show that the stress/strain curve of the skin is much stiffer in confined compression compared to that in unconfined compression, indicating that the compressibility of the skin is small...

..The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effects of aging on tendon response to repetitive exposures of stretch-shortening cycles (SSC's)...

..Furthermore, the simulation results indicate that the double air bubble contact will result in smaller volumetric tissue strain than the single air bubble contact for the same force...

..The finger VPA is a vibration measure between unweighted and ISO weighted accelerations. The palm VPA method may have some value for studying the disorders in the wrist-arm system...

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..More interestingly, each of the 160 sets of experimental data reasonably fit this study's proposed elliptical model. The implications of the findings are discussed...

..Both TAB and BFB finger weightings at frequencies higher than 20 Hz are greater than the ISO weighting...

..The BF on the fingers is likely to be closely related to the dynamic stresses and deformations in the fingers and it may thus be used to quantify the finger vibration exposure...

..In order to validate the proposed approach, unconfined compressive tests of rubber have been performed...

..While more demanding than the response-based method, the property-based method is theoretically more reliable for deriving the representative response functions for each axis...

..These differences are more profound during high-velocity movements. These findings suggest that age may impair the ability of skeletal muscle to adapt to repetitive mechanical loading, particularly during high-velocity movements...

..As a result, preliminary finger biodynamic frequency weightings are proposed. The implications of the proposed theory and the preliminary biodynamic frequency weightings are also discussed...

..The rat tail was found to effectively absorb the high-frequency vibration. However, the glove materials and the rat tail did not reduce the frequency-weighted acceleration. The implications of the experimental results are discussed...

..Although this review focuses on the biodynamics of the hand-arm system, the fundamental concepts and some methodologies reviewed in this paper may also be applicable for the study of whole-body vibration exposure...

..The proposed models are considered to serve as useful tools for design and assessment of vibration isolation methods, and for developing a hand-arm simulator for vibration analysis of power tools...

..The results of this study also suggest that the ISO weighting underestimates the high-frequency effect on the finger disorder development but it may provide a reasonable risk assessment of the disorders in the wrist and arm...

..Knowledge of the MI distribution pattern may increase the understanding of vibration transmission to the hand and aid in the development of effective isolation devices...

..The proposed method may provide new opportunities to examine VEA and its association with VWF and other types of vibration-induced disorders in the hand-arm system...

..This study investigated the BR of human fingers in a power grip subjected to a random vibration...

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..The purpose of the present study was to investigate the impact of rest interval between sets of stretch-shortening cycles (SSC) on static and dynamic muscle performance..

..Our results suggest that muscle damage can be identified by the non-recoverable isometric force decrement and also by the variations in the dynamic force signature during stretch-shortening cycles...

..These findings agree well with experimental observations...

..The influence of the elastic properties of the tissue and the cell concentration on the estimated elastic properties of the matrix are investigated...