Christine M Pfeiffer

Summary

Affiliation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Country: USA

Publications

  1. ncbi Erythrocyte folate extraction and quantitative determination by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry: comparison of results with microbiologic assay
    Zia Fazili
    Inorganic Toxicology and Nutrition Branch, Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
    Clin Chem 51:2318-25. 2005
  2. ncbi Estimation of trends in serum and RBC folate in the U.S. population from pre- to postfortification using assay-adjusted data from the NHANES 1988-2010
    Christine M Pfeiffer
    National Center for Environmental Health, CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA
    J Nutr 142:886-93. 2012
  3. ncbi Changes in measurement procedure from a radioassay to a microbiologic assay necessitate adjustment of serum and RBC folate concentrations in the U.S. population from the NHANES 1988-2010
    Christine M Pfeiffer
    National Center for Environmental Health, CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA
    J Nutr 142:894-900. 2012
  4. ncbi Trends in circulating concentrations of total homocysteine among US adolescents and adults: findings from the 1991-1994 and 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys
    Christine M Pfeiffer
    National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
    Clin Chem 54:801-13. 2008
  5. ncbi Trends in blood folate and vitamin B-12 concentrations in the United States, 1988 2004
    Christine M Pfeiffer
    National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
    Am J Clin Nutr 86:718-27. 2007
  6. ncbi Evaluation of an automated soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) assay on the Roche Hitachi analyzer and its comparison to two ELISA assays
    Christine M Pfeiffer
    Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Environmental Health, Atlanta, GA 30345, USA
    Clin Chim Acta 382:112-6. 2007
  7. ncbi Biochemical indicators of B vitamin status in the US population after folic acid fortification: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2000
    Christine M Pfeiffer
    National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
    Am J Clin Nutr 82:442-50. 2005
  8. ncbi Comparison of serum and red blood cell folate microbiologic assays for national population surveys
    Christine M Pfeiffer
    National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
    J Nutr 141:1402-9. 2011
  9. ncbi Determination of folate vitamers in human serum by stable-isotope-dilution tandem mass spectrometry and comparison with radioassay and microbiologic assay
    Christine M Pfeiffer
    National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
    Clin Chem 50:423-32. 2004
  10. ncbi Contributions of enriched cereal-grain products, ready-to-eat cereals, and supplements to folic acid and vitamin B-12 usual intake and folate and vitamin B-12 status in US children: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2003-2006
    Lorraine F Yeung
    Division of Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
    Am J Clin Nutr 93:172-85. 2011

Detail Information

Publications46

  1. ncbi Erythrocyte folate extraction and quantitative determination by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry: comparison of results with microbiologic assay
    Zia Fazili
    Inorganic Toxicology and Nutrition Branch, Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
    Clin Chem 51:2318-25. 2005
    ..We obtained the highest yield of FMGs with lowest FDG concentrations at pH 4.7/37 degrees C for 3 h. Delaying hemolysis of WB for several days had no negative effect on measurable folate for presumed MTHFR C/C genotype samples...
  2. ncbi Estimation of trends in serum and RBC folate in the U.S. population from pre- to postfortification using assay-adjusted data from the NHANES 1988-2010
    Christine M Pfeiffer
    National Center for Environmental Health, CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA
    J Nutr 142:886-93. 2012
    ..The MBA-equivalent pre- and postfortification reference concentrations will inform countries that plan folic acid fortification or that need to evaluate its impact...
  3. ncbi Changes in measurement procedure from a radioassay to a microbiologic assay necessitate adjustment of serum and RBC folate concentrations in the U.S. population from the NHANES 1988-2010
    Christine M Pfeiffer
    National Center for Environmental Health, CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA
    J Nutr 142:894-900. 2012
    ..S. population by using results that are equivalent to the MBA. This information will be useful to public health officials in the United States who are dealing with folic acid fortification issues...
  4. ncbi Trends in circulating concentrations of total homocysteine among US adolescents and adults: findings from the 1991-1994 and 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys
    Christine M Pfeiffer
    National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
    Clin Chem 54:801-13. 2008
    ..Such an analysis of these data could supplement current knowledge regarding whether the US folic acid fortification program has modified national plasma tHcy concentrations...
  5. ncbi Trends in blood folate and vitamin B-12 concentrations in the United States, 1988 2004
    Christine M Pfeiffer
    National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
    Am J Clin Nutr 86:718-27. 2007
    ..Monitoring the folate status of US population groups over time has been a public health priority for the past 2 decades, and the focus has been enhanced since the implementation of a folic acid fortification program in the mid-1990s...
  6. ncbi Evaluation of an automated soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) assay on the Roche Hitachi analyzer and its comparison to two ELISA assays
    Christine M Pfeiffer
    Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Environmental Health, Atlanta, GA 30345, USA
    Clin Chim Acta 382:112-6. 2007
    ..Soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) assays are currently not standardized. This hinders data comparison between studies and also affects the use of a recently proposed model to estimate body iron...
  7. ncbi Biochemical indicators of B vitamin status in the US population after folic acid fortification: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2000
    Christine M Pfeiffer
    National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
    Am J Clin Nutr 82:442-50. 2005
    ..Mandatory folic acid fortification of cereal-grain products was introduced in the United States in 1998 to decrease the risk that women will have children with neural tube defects...
  8. ncbi Comparison of serum and red blood cell folate microbiologic assays for national population surveys
    Christine M Pfeiffer
    National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
    J Nutr 141:1402-9. 2011
    ..These findings indicate how assay variations influence MA folate results and how those variations can affect population data. To ensure data comparability, better assay harmonization is needed...
  9. ncbi Determination of folate vitamers in human serum by stable-isotope-dilution tandem mass spectrometry and comparison with radioassay and microbiologic assay
    Christine M Pfeiffer
    National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
    Clin Chem 50:423-32. 2004
    ....
  10. ncbi Contributions of enriched cereal-grain products, ready-to-eat cereals, and supplements to folic acid and vitamin B-12 usual intake and folate and vitamin B-12 status in US children: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2003-2006
    Lorraine F Yeung
    Division of Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
    Am J Clin Nutr 93:172-85. 2011
    ..US children consume folic acid from multiple sources. These sources may contribute differently to usual intakes above the age-specific tolerable upper intake level (UL) for folic acid and to folate and vitamin B-12 status...
  11. ncbi Assessment of iron status in US pregnant women from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 1999-2006
    Zuguo Mei
    National Centers for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341 3724, USA
    Am J Clin Nutr 93:1312-20. 2011
    ..Total body iron calculated from serum ferritin and soluble transferrin receptor concentrations allows for the evaluation of the full range of iron status...
  12. ncbi Serum soluble transferrin receptor concentrations in US preschool children and non-pregnant women of childbearing age from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2010
    Zuguo Mei
    National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA
    Clin Chim Acta 413:1479-84. 2012
    ..The lack of assay standardization and of representative data on the distribution of sTfR in at-risk populations currently limits its utility...
  13. ncbi Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D status of the US population: 1988-1994 compared with 2000-2004
    Anne C Looker
    National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hyattsville, MD 20782, USA
    Am J Clin Nutr 88:1519-27. 2008
    ..Changes in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations in the US population have not been described...
  14. ncbi Does obesity modify the association of supplemental folic acid with folate status among nonpregnant women of childbearing age in the United States?
    Sarah C Tinker
    National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
    Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol 94:749-55. 2012
    ..It is not clear whether the amount of folic acid required by obese women to protect against NTDs is the same as that for nonobese women...
  15. ncbi Accounting for an isobaric interference allows correct determination of folate vitamers in serum by isotope dilution-liquid chromatography-tandem MS
    Zia Fazili
    National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
    J Nutr 143:108-13. 2013
    ..Including measurements of MeFox and 5-formylTHF along with the other folate vitamers will enhance assessments of the association between biologically active folate and health effects...
  16. ncbi Folic acid source, usual intake, and folate and vitamin B-12 status in US adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2006
    Quanhe Yang
    Office of Public Health Genomics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
    Am J Clin Nutr 91:64-72. 2010
    ..US adults have access to multiple sources of folic acid. The contribution of these sources to usual intakes above the tolerable upper intake level (UL) (1000 microg/d) and to folate and vitamin B-12 status is unknown...
  17. ncbi Influence of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphism on whole-blood folate concentrations measured by LC-MS/MS, microbiologic assay, and bio-rad radioassay
    Zia Fazili
    Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30345, USA
    Clin Chem 54:197-201. 2008
    ....
  18. ncbi Assessment of iron deficiency in US preschool children and nonpregnant females of childbearing age: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2006
    Mary E Cogswell
    Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Atlanta, GA, USA
    Am J Clin Nutr 89:1334-42. 2009
    ..A new index to determine body iron promises a simpler approach to monitoring iron deficiency (ID) prevalence...
  19. ncbi Comparison of serum folate species analyzed by LC-MS/MS with total folate measured by microbiologic assay and Bio-Rad radioassay
    Zia Fazili
    Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30345, USA
    Clin Chem 53:781-4. 2007
    ..Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) or a microbiologic assay (MA) will be used in the future...
  20. ncbi Zinc and iron deficiency and their interrelations in low-income African American and Hispanic children in Atlanta
    Conrad R Cole
    Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
    Am J Clin Nutr 91:1027-34. 2010
    ..Information about the zinc status of low-income minority children in the United States is lacking...
  21. ncbi Assessing the influence of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphism on folate stability during long-term frozen storage, thawing, and repeated freeze/thawing of whole blood
    Zia Fazili
    Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, United States
    Clin Chim Acta 413:966-72. 2012
    ..Limited information is available on folate stability, particularly vitamer stability by 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T genotype, during frozen storage, thawing, and repeated freeze/thawing (F/T) of whole blood (WB)...
  22. ncbi Effects of delayed sample processing and freezing on serum concentrations of selected nutritional indicators
    Bakary S Drammeh
    National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
    Clin Chem 54:1883-91. 2008
    ..We used samples from US volunteers to investigate the effects of delayed whole blood (WB) processing and delayed freezing of serum on selected nutritional indicators...
  23. ncbi Clinical vitamin B6 analysis: an interlaboratory comparison of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate measurements in serum
    Michael E Rybak
    Inorganic Toxicology and Nutrition Branch, Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
    Clin Chem 51:1223-31. 2005
    ..CONCLUSION: Agreement among vitamin B(6) methods is good, but large differences in laboratory proficiency exist, pointing to the need for vitamin B(6) reference materials and external quality assurance programs...
  24. ncbi Isotope dilution ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for simultaneous measurement of 25-hydroxyvitamin D2, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and 3-epi-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in human serum
    Rosemary L Schleicher
    Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, NCEH DLS NBB, Atlanta, GA 30341, United States
    Clin Chim Acta 412:1594-9. 2011
    ....
  25. ncbi Measurement of folates in serum and conventionally prepared whole blood lysates: application of an automated 96-well plate isotope-dilution tandem mass spectrometry method
    Zia Fazili
    Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
    Clin Chem 50:2378-81. 2004
  26. ncbi Phytoestrogen biomonitoring: an extractionless LC-MS/MS method for measuring urinary isoflavones and lignans by use of atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI)
    Daniel L Parker
    U S Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Environmental Health, 4770 Buford Hwy, MS F 55, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
    Anal Bioanal Chem 402:1123-36. 2012
    ..This work is the first ever report of using APPI for the LC-MS/MS determination of these compounds in urine. It is also the first method of its kind to do so without any need for analyte extraction or preconcentration prior to analysis...
  27. ncbi A simplified protein precipitation and filtration procedure for determining serum vitamin B6 by high-performance liquid chromatography
    Michael E Rybak
    Nutritional Biomarkers Branch, Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
    Anal Biochem 388:175-7. 2009
    ..3 (-2.2, -0.5)% difference in PLP values and a -6.2 (-7.3, -5.2)% difference in 4PA values using the simplified sample preparation. These deviations were found to be well within allowable biases on the basis of biologic variation...
  28. ncbi Serum iron and iron-binding capacity: a round-robin interlaboratory comparison study
    Heidi Michels Blanck
    Division of Nutrition and Physical Activity, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
    Clin Chem 49:1672-5. 2003
  29. ncbi Measurement of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25OHD3) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 (25OHD2) in human serum using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and its comparison to a radioimmunoassay method
    Huiping Chen
    Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
    Clin Chim Acta 391:6-12. 2008
    ..We developed a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method to measure 25OHD(3) and 25OHD(2) in human serum and compared it to the traditionally used DiaSorin radioimmunoassay (RIA)...
  30. ncbi The CDC VITAL-EQA program, external quality assurance for serum retinol, 2003-2006
    Bridgette M H Haynes
    Battelle, Atlanta, GA 30341, United States U S Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, United States
    Clin Chim Acta 390:90-6. 2008
    ....
  31. ncbi Clinical analysis of vitamin B(6): determination of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate and 4-pyridoxic acid in human serum by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with chlorite postcolumn derivatization
    Michael E Rybak
    Inorganic Toxicology Nutrition Branch, Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341-3724, USA
    Anal Biochem 333:336-44. 2004
    ..The high sensitivity, precision, and throughput of this method, combined with its minimal serum specimen (150 microl) and sample injection (10 microl) volume requirements, make it well suited for routine clinical vitamin B(6) analysis...
  32. ncbi Comparing the ESA HPLC total homocysteine assay with electrochemical detection to the CDC in-house HPLC assay with fluorescence detection
    Ming Zhang
    Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA 30341-3724, USA
    Clin Chim Acta 340:195-200. 2004
    ..The major advantage of this assay is that it does not require sample derivatization. Disadvantages include instability of the prepared samples for prolonged storage and matrix effects...
  33. ncbi Analysis of aflatoxin B1-lysine adduct in serum using isotope-dilution liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry
    Leslie F McCoy
    Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
    Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 19:2203-10. 2005
    ..4% for B1-Lys and 85.4 +/- 12.4% for the internal standard were based on the full extraction and reconstitution processes. The method can be used to quantitate B1-Lys at the 0.5 pg/mg albumin level and is suitable for routine analysis...
  34. ncbi Relation between the response to iron supplementation and sickle cell hemoglobin phenotype in preschool children in western Kenya
    Dianne J Terlouw
    Division of Parasitic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Atlanta, GA, USA
    Am J Clin Nutr 79:466-72. 2004
    ..The benefits of iron supplementation are likely to outweigh possible risks associated with malaria in children with the HbAA or HbAS phenotype...
  35. ncbi Determination of urinary phytoestrogens by HPLC-MS/MS: a comparison of atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) and electrospray ionization (ESI)
    Michael E Rybak
    Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Environmental Health, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
    J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 861:145-50. 2008
    ..Baring significant factors arising from differences in ionization source design, these observations suggest that ESI is more appropriate for urinary biomonitoring of these compounds by LC-MS/MS...
  36. ncbi A high-throughput LC-MS/MS method suitable for population biomonitoring measures five serum folate vitamers and one oxidation product
    Zia Fazili
    Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Hwy, NE, Mail Stop F55, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA
    Anal Bioanal Chem 405:4549-60. 2013
    ..With this improved LC-MS/MS method, 96 samples can be processed in ∼2 h, and all relevant folate forms can be accurately measured using a small serum volume...
  37. ncbi Solid-phase extraction-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for the quantification of folate in human plasma or serum
    Bryant C Nelson
    Analytical Chemistry Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 0001, USA
    Anal Biochem 325:41-51. 2004
    ..On the basis of the experimental data presented in this report, it is suggested that both methods have the capacity to serve as potential reference methods for the quantification of circulating 5MT in plasma or serum...
  38. ncbi Development and evaluation of an isotope dilution LC/MS method for the determination of total homocysteine in human plasma
    Bryant C Nelson
    Genzyme Corporation, Framingham, MA 01701, USA
    Anal Chem 75:775-84. 2003
    ..LC/MS performed well in relation to the other homocysteine methods in terms of its capability to accurately quantify plasma homocysteine over the normal range (5-15 micromol/L)...
  39. ncbi Combined measurement of ferritin, soluble transferrin receptor, retinol binding protein, and C-reactive protein by an inexpensive, sensitive, and simple sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique
    Juergen G Erhardt
    SEAMEO, Regional Center for Community Nutrition, University of Indonesia, Salemba Raya 6, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
    J Nutr 134:3127-32. 2004
    ..Due to the low cost, high throughput, and comparability to traditional tests, this procedure has several advantages for assessing VA and iron status in population surveys...
  40. ncbi Commutability of NIST SRM 1955 Homocysteine and Folate in Frozen Human Serum with selected total homocysteine immunoassays and enzymatic assays
    Bryant C Nelson
    National Institute of Standards and Technology, Biochemical Science Division, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 0001, USA
    Clin Chim Acta 395:99-105. 2008
    ..NIST has performed an international, interlaboratory assessment of SRM 1955 commutability; results are reported for tHcy only...
  41. ncbi Homocysteine and vitamin B(12) concentrations and mortality rates in type 2 diabetes
    Helen C Looker
    National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ, USA
    Diabetes Metab Res Rev 23:193-201. 2007
    ..To assess the role of homocysteine as a risk factor for mortality in diabetic subjects...
  42. ncbi Development of a new standard reference material: SRM 1955 (homocysteine and folate in human serum)
    Mary B Satterfield
    Analytical Chemistry Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
    Anal Bioanal Chem 385:612-22. 2006
    ..Use of the new SRM should improve clinical measurements and will permit traceability to internationally recognized certified reference materials, as described by European Directive 98/79/EC on in vitro diagnostic medical devices...
  43. ncbi Comparison of isotope dilution mass spectrometry methods for the determination of total homocysteine in plasma and serum
    Mary B Satterfield
    National Institute of Standards and Technology, Analytical Chemistry Division, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899 0001, USA
    Anal Chem 75:4631-8. 2003
    ..On the basis of the excellent precision and close agreement of the mass spectrometric (MS) methods, the MS-based methods will be used for certification of a serum-based SRM for homocysteine and folates...
  44. ncbi Iron-status indicators
    Sarah E Cusick
    Pediatrics 121:651-2; author reply 652. 2008
  45. ncbi Pilot study of urinary biomarkers of phytoestrogens, phthalates, and phenols in girls
    Mary S Wolff
    Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Community and Preventive Medicine, New York, New York 10029, USA
    Environ Health Perspect 115:116-21. 2007
    ..S. children using exposure biomarkers in urine. However, little is known about their variation by race, age, sex, and geography, and no data exist for newly developed biomarkers...
  46. ncbi Affinity extraction combined with stable isotope dilution LC/MS for the determination of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate in human plasma
    Bryant C Nelson
    Analytical Chemistry Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 0001, USA
    Anal Biochem 313:117-27. 2003
    ..Reasons for the discordancy are theorized, but it is clear that there exists an urgent need for clinical reference materials containing certified folate levels...