Research Topics
Genomes and Genes | Stuart T NicholSummaryAffiliation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Country: USA Publications
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Publications
The complete genome sequence of a Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus isolated from an endemic region in KosovoDarja Duh
Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical Faculty, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Virol J 5:7. 2008..9% amino acid difference found between the Kosova Hoti and another strain from Kosovo (9553-01). This suggests that distinct virus strains can coexist in highly endemic areas...- Large serological survey showing cocirculation of Ebola and Marburg viruses in Gabonese bat populations, and a high seroprevalence of both viruses in Rousettus aegyptiacusXavier Pourrut
Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement, UR 178, Marseille, France
BMC Infect Dis 9:159. 2009..Recently, bats of multiple species have been identified as possible natural hosts of Zaire ebolavirus (ZEBOV) in Gabon and Republic of Congo, and also of marburgvirus (MARV) in Gabon and Democratic Republic of Congo... - Rift Valley fever virus vaccine lacking the NSs and NSm genes is safe, nonteratogenic, and confers protection from viremia, pyrexia, and abortion following challenge in adult and pregnant sheepBrian H Bird
Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, MS G 14, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
J Virol 85:12901-9. 2011..As expected, all 3 sham-vaccinated controls experienced viremia, fetal death, and abortion postchallenge. These results demonstrate that the ΔNSs-ΔNSm rRVFV vaccine is safe and nonteratogenic and confers high-level protection in sheep... - Complete genome analysis of 33 ecologically and biologically diverse Rift Valley fever virus strains reveals widespread virus movement and low genetic diversity due to recent common ancestryBrian H Bird
Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road MS G 14, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
J Virol 81:2805-16. 2007..In addition to insights into the evolution and ecology of RVF virus, these genomic data also provide a foundation for the design of molecular detection assays and prototype vaccines useful in combating this important disease... - Multiple virus lineages sharing recent common ancestry were associated with a Large Rift Valley fever outbreak among livestock in Kenya during 2006-2007Brian H Bird
Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Coordinating Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, MS G 14, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
J Virol 82:11152-66. 2008.... - Isolation of genetically diverse Marburg viruses from Egyptian fruit batsJonathan S Towner
Special Pathogens Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
PLoS Pathog 5:e1000536. 2009..These data indicate common Egyptian fruit bats can represent a major natural reservoir and source of Marburg virus with potential for spillover into humans... - Rift valley fever virus lacking the NSs and NSm genes is highly attenuated, confers protective immunity from virulent virus challenge, and allows for differential identification of infected and vaccinated animalsBrian H Bird
Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Coordinating Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, MS G 14, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
J Virol 82:2681-91. 2008.... - Newly discovered ebola virus associated with hemorrhagic fever outbreak in UgandaJonathan S Towner
Special Pathogens Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
PLoS Pathog 4:e1000212. 2008.... - Reverse genetic generation of recombinant Zaire Ebola viruses containing disrupted IRF-3 inhibitory domains results in attenuated virus growth in vitro and higher levels of IRF-3 activation without inhibiting viral transcription or replicationAmy L Hartman
Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, MS G 14, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
J Virol 80:6430-40. 2006.... - Efficient reverse genetics generation of infectious junin viruses differing in glycoprotein processingCesar G Albarino
Special Pathogens Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
J Virol 83:5606-14. 2009.... - Marburg virus infection detected in a common African batJonathan S Towner
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
PLoS ONE 2:e764. 2007..These data imply that more areas are at risk for MHF outbreaks than previously realized and correspond well with a recently published report in which three species of fruit bats were demonstrated to be likely reservoirs for Ebola virus... - Rapid diagnosis of Ebola hemorrhagic fever by reverse transcription-PCR in an outbreak setting and assessment of patient viral load as a predictor of outcomeJonathan S Towner
Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA
J Virol 78:4330-41. 2004..Furthermore, both sequence and epidemiologic data are consistent with the outbreak having originated from a single introduction into the human population... - Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus-encoded ovarian tumor protease activity is dispensable for virus RNA polymerase functionEric Bergeron
Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
J Virol 84:216-26. 2010..These results demonstrated the utility of the minigenome system for use in BSL-2 laboratory settings to analyze CCHFV biology and in antiviral drug discovery programs for this important public health and bioterrorism threat... - Reverse genetics generation of chimeric infectious Junin/Lassa virus is dependent on interaction of homologous glycoprotein stable signal peptide and G2 cytoplasmic domainsCesar G Albarino
Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, MS G 14, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
J Virol 85:112-22. 2011..These recombinant chimeric viruses shed light on the fundamental requirements of arenavirus GPC maturation and may serve as a strategy for the development of bivalent JUNV and LASV vaccine candidates... - Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spreadMartin J Vincent
Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA
Virol J 2:69. 2005..Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is caused by a newly discovered coronavirus (SARS-CoV). No effective prophylactic or post-exposure therapy is currently available... - Genetic evidence for Rift Valley fever outbreaks in Madagascar resulting from virus introductions from the East African mainland rather than enzootic maintenanceSerena A Carroll
Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA
J Virol 85:6162-7. 2011..These data are consistent with the notion that RVFV outbreaks in Madagascar result not from emergence from enzootic cycles within the country but from recurrent virus introductions from the East African mainland... - Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus genomics and global diversityVarough M Deyde
Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
J Virol 80:8834-42. 2006..An analysis of individual segment datasets suggests genetic recombination also occurs. For an arthropod-borne virus, the genomic plasticity of CCHF virus is surprisingly high... - The major determinant of attenuation in mice of the Candid1 vaccine for Argentine hemorrhagic fever is located in the G2 glycoprotein transmembrane domainCesar G Albarino
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, MS G14, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
J Virol 85:10404-8. 2011..This work provides insight into the molecular mechanisms of attenuation of the only arenavirus vaccine currently available... - Ancient ancestry of KFDV and AHFV revealed by complete genome analyses of viruses isolated from ticks and mammalian hostsKimberly A Dodd
Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
PLoS Negl Trop Dis 5:e1352. 2011..To gain a better understanding of the evolutionary history of AHFV and KFDV, we analyzed the full length genomes of 16 AHFV and 3 KFDV isolates... - Marburgvirus genomics and association with a large hemorrhagic fever outbreak in AngolaJonathan S Towner
Special Pathogens Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Mailstop G14, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
J Virol 80:6497-516. 2006..This is in contrast to the 1998 to 2000 marburgvirus outbreak, where evidence of several virus genetic lineages (with up to 21% divergence) and multiple virus introductions into the human population was found... 
Ancient common ancestry of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virusSerena A Carroll
Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, MS G 14, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
Mol Phylogenet Evol 55:1103-10. 2010..Changes in agricultural practices and climate occurring near the time of the most recent common ancestor of CCHFV may have contributed to its emergence and spread...
High-throughput molecular detection of hemorrhagic fever virus threats with applications for outbreak settingsJonathan S Towner
Special Pathogens Branch, National Center for Zoonotic, Vector Borne, and Enteric Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
J Infect Dis 196:S205-12. 2007..Furthermore, the applicability of this method to an outbreak setting was demonstrated by correct analysis of >500 specimens at a field laboratory established during a recent outbreak of Marburg hemorrhagic fever in Angola...- Two cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in Randolph County, West Virginia: a coincidence of time and place?Julie R Sinclair
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA
Am J Trop Med Hyg 76:438-42. 2007..These cases emphasize the need to educate the public throughout the United States regarding risks and prevention measures for hantavirus infection... - Development of a RVFV ELISA that can distinguish infected from vaccinated animalsAnita K McElroy
Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
Virol J 6:125. 2009..However, the ability to distinguish infected from vaccinated animals is important for vaccine acceptance by national and international authorities, given regulations restricting movement and export of infected animals... - Crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus glycoprotein precursor is cleaved by Furin-like and SKI-1 proteases to generate a novel 38-kilodalton glycoproteinAngela J Sanchez
Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Mail Stop G-14, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
J Virol 80:514-25. 2006..Analogy with soluble glycoproteins and mucin-like proteins encoded by other hemorrhagic fever-associated RNA viruses suggests these proteins could play an important role in viral pathogenesis... - Efficient rescue of recombinant Lassa virus reveals the influence of S segment noncoding regions on virus replication and virulenceCesar G Albarino
Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, MS G14, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
J Virol 85:4020-4. 2011..This work demonstrates that deletions of large portions of these NCRs confer an attenuated phenotype and are a first step toward further insights into the high virulence of LASV... - RIG-I activation inhibits ebolavirus replicationChristina F Spiropoulou
Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
Virology 392:11-5. 2009..These findings indicate that RIG-I-based therapies may provide an attractive approach for antivirals against Ebola hemorrhagic fever, and possibly other HF viruses... - N-linked glycosylation of Gn (but not Gc) is important for Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever virus glycoprotein localization and transportBobbie R Erickson
Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
Virology 361:348-55. 2007.... - High diversity and ancient common ancestry of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virusCesar G Albarino
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA
Emerg Infect Dis 16:1093-100. 2010..Bayesian analysis estimates the most recent common ancestor to be 1,000-5,000 years old, and this long history is consistent with complex phylogeographic relationships of the extant virus isolates... - Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus glycoprotein processing by the endoprotease SKI-1/S1P is critical for virus infectivityEric Bergeron
Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Zoonotic, Vector Borne and Enteric Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
J Virol 81:13271-6. 2007..SKI-1/S1P may represent a promising antiviral target... - Inhibition of IRF-3 activation by VP35 is critical for the high level of virulence of ebola virusAmy L Hartman
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd, MS G 14, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
J Virol 82:2699-704. 2008..Given that these viruses differ by only a single amino acid in the IRF-3 inhibitory domain of VP35, the level of alteration of virulence is remarkable and highlights the importance of VP35 for the pathogenesis of Ebola virus... - Marburg hemorrhagic fever associated with multiple genetic lineages of virusDaniel G Bausch
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA
N Engl J Med 355:909-19. 2006..The findings imply that reservoir hosts of Marburg virus inhabit caves, mines, or similar habitats... - Pet rodents and fatal lymphocytic choriomeningitis in transplant patientsBrian R Amman
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA
Emerg Infect Dis 13:719-25. 2007..This report details the animal traceback and the supporting laboratory investigations... - Highly sensitive and broadly reactive quantitative reverse transcription-PCR assay for high-throughput detection of Rift Valley fever virusBrian H Bird
Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Zoonotic, Vector Borne and Enteric Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
J Clin Microbiol 45:3506-13. 2007.... - A shared transcription termination signal on negative and ambisense RNA genome segments of Rift Valley fever, sandfly fever Sicilian, and Toscana virusesCesar G Albarino
Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, MS G 14, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
J Virol 81:5246-56. 2007.... - Synthesis, proteolytic processing and complex formation of N-terminally nested precursor proteins of the Rift Valley fever virus glycoproteinsSonja R Gerrard
Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd, NE, MS G 14, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
Virology 357:124-33. 2007..Interestingly, Gc can form a complex with a glycoprotein that has been considered nonstructural, a discovery that has implications for both the topology and potential packaging of this glycoprotein... - Rift Valley fever virus lacking NSm proteins retains high virulence in vivo and may provide a model of human delayed onset neurologic diseaseBrian H Bird
Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road MS G 14, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
Virology 362:10-5. 2007..Such infections may provide the basis for study of both RVF acute hepatic disease and delayed onset encephalitic disease in humans... - Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus genome L RNA segment and encoded proteinJessica E Honig
Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
Virology 321:29-35. 2004.... - Filovirus outbreak detection and surveillance: lessons from BundibugyoAdam MacNeil
Viral Special Pathogens Branch, The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA
J Infect Dis 204:S761-7. 2011.... - A C-terminal basic amino acid motif of Zaire ebolavirus VP35 is essential for type I interferon antagonism and displays high identity with the RNA-binding domain of another interferon antagonist, the NS1 protein of influenza A virusAmy L Hartman
Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road MS G 14 Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
Virology 328:177-84. 2004..Remarkably, this basic amino acid motif displayed high sequence identity with part of the N-terminal RNA-binding domain of another interferon-antagonist, the NS1 protein of influenza A virus... - Rift Valley fever virus inhibits a pro-inflammatory response in experimentally infected human monocyte derived macrophages and a pro-inflammatory cytokine response may be associated with patient survival during natural infectionAnita K McElroy
Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control, MS G14, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
Virology 422:6-12. 2012..Finally, analysis of RVF patient samples demonstrated an association between a pro-inflammatory cytokine response and patient survival... - Thottapalayam virus is genetically distant to the rodent-borne hantaviruses, consistent with its isolation from the Asian house shrew (Suncus murinus)Pragya D Yadav
Special Pathogen Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Zoonotic, Vector Borne, and Enteric Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
Virol J 4:80. 2007.... - Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in Central Bolivia: relationships between reservoir hosts, habitats, and viral genotypesDarin S Carroll
Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Special Pathogens Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA
Am J Trop Med Hyg 72:42-6. 2005..callosus was 99% identical to viral sequences obtained from the HPS patient in this area, implicating C. callosus as the host and Laguna Negra virus as the agent responsible for the HPS case near Concepcion... - Characterization of the glycoproteins of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virusAngela J Sanchez
Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA
J Virol 76:7263-75. 2002.... - Proportion of deaths and clinical features in Bundibugyo Ebola virus infection, UgandaAdam MacNeil
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA
Emerg Infect Dis 16:1969-72. 2010..Although signs and symptoms were largely nonspecific and similar to those of EHF outbreaks caused by Zaire and Sudan Ebola viruses, proportion of deaths among those infected was lower (≈40%)... - Whole-genome expression profiling reveals that inhibition of host innate immune response pathways by Ebola virus can be reversed by a single amino acid change in the VP35 proteinAmy L Hartman
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA
J Virol 82:5348-58. 2008..The ability to eliminate this inhibitory effect with a single amino acid change in VP35 demonstrates the critical role this protein must play in the severe aspects this highly fatal disease... - Using next generation sequencing to identify yellow fever virus in UgandaLaura K McMullan
Virus Special Pathogens Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
Virology 422:1-5. 2012..This finding demonstrated the utility of next generation sequencing and a metagenomic approach to identify an etiological agent and direct the response to a disease outbreak... - Exposure to lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, new york, USABarbara Knust
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
Emerg Infect Dis 17:1324-5. 2011..Human infections can range from mild febrile illness to severe encephalitis and disseminated disease (1). Infection during pregnancy is associated with teratogenic effects, including congenital hydrocephalus and chorioretinitis (2)... - The high genetic variation of viruses of the genus Nairovirus reflects the diversity of their predominant tick hostsJessica E Honig
Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
Virology 318:10-6. 2004..Fossil and phylogenetic data placing the hard tick-soft tick divergence between 120 and 92 million years ago suggest an ancient origin for viruses of the genus Nairovirus... - Characterization of the Golgi retention motif of Rift Valley fever virus G(N) glycoproteinSonja R Gerrard
Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA
J Virol 76:12200-10. 2002.... - Seoul virus infection in a Wisconsin patient with recent travel to China, March 2009: first documented case in the Midwestern United StatesCarrie F Nielsen
Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA
Am J Trop Med Hyg 83:1266-8. 2010..We describe confirmation of a Seoul virus infection in a 36-year-old scientist who worked with laboratory rats in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, but most likely acquired the infection during a trip to Shenyang, China... - Ngari virus is a Bunyamwera virus reassortant that can be associated with large outbreaks of hemorrhagic fever in AfricaSonja R Gerrard
Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd. NE, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
J Virol 78:8922-6. 2004..Ngari virus should be considered when investigating hemorrhagic fever outbreaks throughout sub-Saharan Africa... - Generation of eGFP expressing recombinant Zaire ebolavirus for analysis of early pathogenesis events and high-throughput antiviral drug screeningJonathan S Towner
Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, NCID, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
Virology 332:20-7. 2005..We show that Ebola-eGFP virus (EboZ-eGFP) infects known early targets of human infections and serves as an ideal model to screen antiviral compounds in less time than any previously published assay... - Hantavirus pulmonary syndromeAdam MacNeil
Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, N E, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
Virus Res 162:138-47. 2011..However, virus infection results in microvascular leakage, which is the hallmark of HPS. This article briefly reviews the knowledge on HPS-associated hantaviruses accumulated since their discovery, less than 20 years ago... - Bidirectional infection and release of Rift Valley fever virus in polarized epithelial cellsSonja R Gerrard
Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA
Virology 301:226-35. 2002..Furthermore, our results indicate that RVF virus causes disruptions in both the microfilament and the microtubule networks. These disruptions may provide a mechanism for bidirectional release of RVF virions... - Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus glycoprotein proteolytic processing by subtilase SKI-1Martin J Vincent
Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, 30333, USA
J Virol 77:8640-9. 2003.... - Genetic analysis of viruses associated with emergence of Rift Valley fever in Saudi Arabia and Yemen, 2000-01Trevor Shoemaker
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA
Emerg Infect Dis 8:1415-20. 2002..These results are consistent with the recent introduction of RVFV into the Arabian Peninsula from East Africa... - Analysis of the role of predicted RNA secondary structures in Ebola virus replicationSharon M Crary
Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
Virology 306:210-8. 2003.... - Nairobi sheep disease virus, an important tick-borne pathogen of sheep and goats in Africa, is also present in AsiaBeate I Marczinke
Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA
Virology 303:146-51. 2002..Genetic and serologic data demonstrate that Ganjam virus is an Asian variant of NSD virus. These viruses were phylogenetically more closely related to Hazara virus than Dugbe virus...