M Tracie Shea

..Two of the four personality disorders under examination (STPD and OCPD) showed little or no association with Axis I disorders...

..This study examined age-related change in borderline criteria and functional impairment, testing the hypothesis that older age would be associated with relatively more improvement than younger age...

..The anxiety disorders had remarkably low recovery rates even beyond 5 years of prospective follow-up. Factors that may explain these findings, as well as implications for future conceptualization of DSM, are discussed...

..Of the PTSD symptom clusters, numbing/avoidance symptoms were the strongest predictors of interpersonal and social functioning, and hyperarousal symptoms were the strongest predictors of overall severity and distress...

..Since major depressive disorder did not significantly predict suicidal behaviors, the reactivity associated with affective instability (more so than negative mood states) appears to be a critical element in predicting suicidal behaviors...

..This study tracked the individual criteria of four DSM-IV personality disorders-borderline, schizotypal, avoidant, and obsessive-compulsive personality disorders-and how they change over 2 years...

..Consistent with other research, the findings suggest that PTSD does not appear to alter the central features of BPD. The clinical implications of our findings are considered...

..Because treatment-seeking behavior is known to be associated with a worse prognosis, 23 weeks probably represents a lower-limit approximation of the median duration of an untreated depressive episode...

..However, even when controlling for the effect of borderline PD, other PD diagnoses were associated with specific types of maltreatment...

..Therefore, certain types of negative life events are unique risk factors for imminent suicide attempts among individuals with PDs...

..In addition, they support an association between severity of PD and severity of traumatic exposure, as indicated by earlier trauma onset, trauma of an assaultive and personal nature, and more types of traumatic events...

..Personality disorders may be characterized by stable trait constellations that fluctuate in degree of maladaptive expression...

..Therefore, among individuals diagnosed with PDs. exacerbation of Axis I conditions, particularly MDD and substance use, heightens risk for a suicide attempt...

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..The main purpose of this study was to examine whether NA and AS will also predict the clinical course of PD...

..In patients who have recovered from an episode of major depression, the presence of psychosocial impairment may help identify who is at increased risk of recurrence...

..We examined the predictive power of the self-harm subscale of the Schedule for Nonadaptive and Adaptive Personality (SNAP) to identify suicide attempters in the Collaborative Longitudinal Study of Personality Disorders (CLPS)...

..These findings suggest that the presence of comorbid SUD may not explain the level of social and health difficulties associated with the dual diagnosis of PTSD and SUD...

..Future efforts to explore the link between Axis I and Axis II disorders may be enriched by conducting analyses at the symptom level...

..These findings indicate that patients with bipolar I disorder in remission have personality traits that differ from those of normal controls...

..We examined the extent to which PD subjects differ in rates of life events and the extent to which life events impact psychosocial functioning...

..Treatment implications of this diagnostic differentiation are discussed...

..Whereas some of our findings confirm results from earlier studies, others are somewhat inconsistent with previous results and indicate the need for further investigation...

..To examine higher order personality factors of negative affectivity (NA) and disinhibition (DIS), as well as lower order facets of impulsivity, as prospective predictors of suicide attempts in a predominantly personality disordered sample...

..However, the presence of borderline personality disorder is associated with a greater likelihood of receiving, and receiving a greater number of, certain types of somatic and psychosocial treatments...

..Also needed are studies with longitudinal designs to address questions of causal pathways that may underlie such associations...

..Utilization of mental health treatment was compared in patients with personality disorders and patients with major depressive disorder without personality disorder...

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..The results suggest that most of the diagnostic criteria examined do not seem to display sex bias. However, those criteria that displayed evidence of bias came largely from the borderline diagnosis...

..These PDs emerged as robust predictors of slowed remission from MDD even when controlling for other negative prognostic predictors...

..Furthermore, the model appeared to successfully distinguish specific PDs, a property that represents a particular challenge for dimensional models of personality...

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..CONCLUSIONS: Co-occurring PDs contribute significantly to impairment in social and emotional functioning and reduced well-being in patients with MDD...

..Taken together, our results lead us to hypothesize that PDs may be reconceptualized as hybrids of stable personality traits and intermittently expressed symptomatic behaviors...

..This study compared three-dimensional representations of DSM-IV personality disorders and standard categories with respect to their associations with psychosocial functioning...

..The primary purpose of this report was to investigate whether characteristics of subjects with borderline personality disorder observed at baseline can predict variations in outcome at the 2-year follow-up...

..Dimensionally, these findings suggest that PDs may be characterized by maladaptive trait constellations that are stable in their structure (individual differences) but can change in severity or expression over time...

..CONCLUSIONS: Personality disorders are a significant source of psychiatric morbidity, accounting for more impairment in functioning than major depressive disorder alone...

..This investigation assessed the effect of personality disorders (PersDs) on time to remission in patients with generalized anxiety disorder, social phobia, or panic disorder...

..CONCLUSION: Support is provided for the DSM-IV disorder-level classification for schizotypal, borderline, avoidant and obsessive-compulsive personality disorders in a treatment-seeking sample...

..The eating disorders met criteria outlined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV)...

..Department of Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study 420 is a randomized clinical trial of 2 methods of group psychotherapy for treating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in male Vietnam veterans...

..Few studies, though, have systematically examined the clinical correlates of Axis II personality disorder comorbidity or its effect on treatment response or time to response...

..For example, no difference was found in rates of major depressive disorder, a condition that is more prevalent in females. Thus, BPD pathology may be a prevailing characterization that can attenuate usual gender-based distinctions...

..To examine prospectively the natural course of bulimia nervosa (BN) and eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS) and to test the effects of personality disorder (PD) comorbidity on the outcomes...

..CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that early manifestations of AVPD are present in childhood but that various forms of abuse are not specific to the disorder...

..72 across 4 disorders), and reasonably specific to that syndrome relative to the other disorders. The results support the validity of these criterion sets as representing coherent syndromes...

..The factors contributing to these differences warrant further investigation...

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..This report investigates the longitudinal association of changes in major depressive disorder (MDD) and borderline personality disorder...

..Future studies need to assess specific barriers to adequate and appropriate treatments for minority individuals with PDs...

..Differences between personality disorders may reflect diverse interactions among the dimensions, rather than differences on single dimensions...

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..This study tested the factor structure of the DSM-IV criteria for borderline personality disorder by using confirmatory methods for the analysis of covariance structures in a large group from a multisite study...

..To examine the longitudinal diagnostic efficiency of the DSM-IV criteria for borderline personality disorder (BPD)...

..The purpose of this study was to prospectively investigate the association between positive childhood experiences related to resiliency and remission from personality disorder...

..The data suggest that personality traits are significant and equally relevant predictors of functioning for both groups. The utility of assessing personality traits for individuals with both Axis I and II disorders is thus supported...

..Prior research suggests that cognitive behavioral therapy is a particularly effective treatment for PTSD...

..The categorical classification system for personality disorder (PD) has been frequently criticized and several alternative dimensional models have been proposed...

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..Discussion includes issues encountered in multisite psychotherapy trials along with the rationale for our decisions about how we addressed these issues in CSP #494...

..In conclusion, patients with BPD can make significant improvements that are rapid and of sufficient duration to be considered remissions. Determinants were identified that warrant further prospective evaluation...

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..The validating approach will examine the homogeneity of descriptive and longitudinal features for the PDs, as defined by the DSM system, and how this compares with alternative schemes. ..

..The predictive approach will identify clinically meaningful determinants of prognosis within and across PDs. The validating approach will examine the homogeneity of descriptive and longitudinal features for the PDs. ..

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