Research Topics
| R S BraithwaiteSummaryCountry: USA Publications
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Detail Information
Publications
Estimating hip fracture morbidity, mortality and costsR Scott Braithwaite
Section of Decision Sciences and Clinical Systems Modeling, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
J Am Geriatr Soc 51:364-70. 2003..To estimate lifetime morbidity, mortality, and costs from hip fracture incorporating the effect of deficits in activities of daily living...
Quantifying the decrement in utility from perceived side effects of combination antiretroviral therapies in patients with HIVR Scott Braithwaite
Section of General Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine and VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
Value Health 11:975-9. 2008..The decrement in utility attributable to side effects from combination antiretroviral therapy (CART) is unknown and likely to influence clinical decisions regarding CART initiation and cost-effectiveness...- A framework for tailoring clinical guidelines to comorbidity at the point of careR Scott Braithwaite
Section of General Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, West Haven Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, VACS 11 ACSL G, 950 Campbell Ave, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
Arch Intern Med 167:2361-5. 2007..Evidence is accumulating to suggest that clinical guidelines should be modified for patients with comorbidities, yet there is no quantitative and objective approach that considers benefits together with risks... - Adherence, virological and immunological outcomes for HIV-infected veterans starting combination antiretroviral therapiesR Scott Braithwaite
Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Yale University, 950 Campbell Avenue, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
AIDS 21:1579-89. 2007..We aimed to determine adherence, virological, and immunological outcomes one year after starting a first combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimen... - Influence of alternative thresholds for initiating HIV treatment on quality-adjusted life expectancy: a decision modelR Scott Braithwaite
Yale University and Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, USA
Ann Intern Med 148:178-85. 2008..The optimal threshold for initiating HIV treatment is unclear... - Linking cost sharing to value: an unrivaled yet unrealized public health opportunityR Scott Braithwaite
Yale University School of Medicine and Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, New Haven, Connecticut 06516, USA
Ann Intern Med 146:602-5. 2007..Systematic efforts to discourage inappropriate cost sharing may improve public health... - Incorporating quality of evidence into decision analytic modelingR Scott Braithwaite
Yale University School of Medicine and Connecticut Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, New Haven, Connecticut 06516, USA
Ann Intern Med 146:133-41. 2007..We conclude that the results of decision modeling may vary dramatically depending on the stringency of the criteria for selecting evidence to use in the model... 
What does the value of modern medicine say about the $50,000 per quality-adjusted life-year decision rule?R Scott Braithwaite
Department of Medicine, Section of General Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
Med Care 46:349-56. 2008..However, many investigators have questioned the scientific basis of this rule, and it has not been updated...- Explaining variability in the relationship between antiretroviral adherence and HIV mutation accumulationR S Braithwaite
Section of General Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine and VA Connecticut Healthcare System, New Haven, CT, USA
J Antimicrob Chemother 58:1036-43. 2006..Determining the relationship between antiretroviral adherence and resistance accumulation is important for the design and evaluation of adherence interventions. Our objective was to explain heterogeneity observed in this relationship... - Do benefits of earlier antiretroviral treatment initiation outweigh harms for individuals at risk for poor adherence?R Scott Braithwaite
Department of Medicine, Section of General Internal Medicine, Yale University, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
Clin Infect Dis 48:822-6. 2009..Earlier treatment increased life expectancy across a wide adherence range (50%-100% of doses taken). Delaying treatment for patients with suboptimal adherence may not always be appropriate... - Is antiretroviral therapy cost-effective in South Africa?R Scott Braithwaite
Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, Connecticut Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Connecticut, USA
PLoS Med 3:e60. 2006 - The payoff time: a flexible framework to help clinicians decide when patients with comorbid disease are not likely to benefit from practice guidelinesR Scott Braithwaite
Department of Internal Medicine, Section of General Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine and VA Connecticut Healthcare System, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
Med Care 47:610-7. 2009..Practice guidelines rarely consider comorbid illness, and resulting overuse of health services may increase costs without conferring benefit... - Impact of cigarette smoking on mortality in HIV-positive and HIV-negative veteransKristina Crothers
Department of Internal Medicine, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
AIDS Educ Prev 21:40-53. 2009..These findings support the need for improvements in smoking cessation and for studies of mechanisms and diseases underlying increased mortality in smokers with HIV... - Towards a combined prognostic index for survival in HIV infection: the role of 'non-HIV' biomarkersAmy C Justice
Section of General Internal Medicine, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
HIV Med 11:143-51. 2010..We ask whether 'non-HIV' biomarkers improve differentiation of mortality risk among individuals initiating combination antiretroviral therapy (cART)... - Estimating the impact of alcohol consumption on survival for HIV+ individualsR S Braithwaite
Yale University School of Medicine, West Haven, CT, USA
AIDS Care 19:459-66. 2007..4 years (From 16.1 years to 9.7 years) with daily consumption. Our results suggest that alcohol is an underappreciated yet modifiable risk factor for poor survival among individuals with HIV... - A temporal and dose-response association between alcohol consumption and medication adherence among veterans in careR Scott Braithwaite
West Haven Veterans Administration Medical Center and Yale University School of Medicine, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, USA
Alcohol Clin Exp Res 29:1190-7. 2005..g., illicit drug use). Our objective was to determine whether there are temporal and dose-response relationships between alcohol consumption and poor adherence... - Estimating the rate of accumulating drug resistance mutations in the HIV genomeR Scott Braithwaite
Yale University School of Medicine Connecticut VA Healthcare System, 950 Campbell Avenue, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
Value Health 10:204-13. 2007..Our objective is to determine the accuracy with which mutation accumulation and other unmeasured parameters could be estimated during model calibration... - Estimating the proportion of patients infected with HIV who will die of comorbid diseasesR Scott Braithwaite
VAMC New Haven and Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn, USA
Am J Med 118:890-8. 2005..Effective antiretroviral therapies have improved the prognosis for patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We aimed to estimate the likelihood that HIV-infected patients would die of comorbid disease... - The cost-effectiveness of strategies to reduce mortality from an intentional release of aerosolized anthrax sporesR Scott Braithwaite
Section of General Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 950 Campbell Avenue, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
Med Decis Making 26:182-93. 2006..Intentional exposures to aerosolized Bacillus anthracis spores have caused fatalities... - Adjusting alcohol quantity for mean consumption and intoxication threshold improves prediction of nonadherence in HIV patients and HIV-negative controlsR Scott Braithwaite
Department of Medicine, Section of General Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine and Connecticut Veterans Administration Medical Center, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, USA
Alcohol Clin Exp Res 32:1645-51. 2008..We investigated whether considering an individual's usual drinking quantity or threshold for alcohol-induced cognitive impairment improves the prediction of nonadherence with prescribed medications... - Decreased awareness of current smoking among health care providers of HIV-positive compared to HIV-negative veteransKristina Crothers
Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
J Gen Intern Med 22:749-54. 2007..Cigarette smoking is an important risk factor for morbidity and mortality in HIV-positive patients on combination antiretroviral therapy... - Intoxication before intercourse and risky sexual behavior in male veterans with and without human immunodeficiency virus infectionRobert L Cook
Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
Med Care 44:S31-6. 2006.... - A prospective study of reasons for prolonged hospitalizations on a general medicine teaching serviceMark R Carey
Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
J Gen Intern Med 20:108-15. 2005..Future work is needed to develop and investigate measures to decrease delays... - Estimating alcohol content of traditional brew in Western Kenya using culturally relevant methods: the case for cost over volumeRebecca K Papas
Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
AIDS Behav 14:836-44. 2010..Using a computational approach, both methods demonstrated comparable results. We conclude that cost estimation of alcohol content is more culturally relevant and does not differ in accuracy from the international standard... - Increasing the efficiency of Monte Carlo cohort simulations with variance reduction techniquesSteven M Shechter
Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, USA
Med Decis Making 26:550-3. 2006..However, most MC cohort simulations are well suited to the implementation of these techniques. The authors discuss the cost of implementation versus the benefit of reduced replications... - The value of medical spending in the United StatesR Scott Braithwaite
N Engl J Med 355:2492; author reply 2492. 2006 - Survival from in-hospital cardiac arrest during nights and weekendsMary Ann Peberdy
Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298 0204, USA
JAMA 299:785-92. 2008..Patient physiology and process of care for in-hospital cardiac arrest may be different at night and on weekends because of hospital factors unrelated to patient, event, or location variables... - Vector model of complexityR Scott Braithwaite
J Gen Intern Med 23:895; author reply 896. 2008 - Improving the utilization of medical crisis teams (Condition C) at an urban tertiary care hospitalMohamed I Foraida
University of Pittsburgh Presbyterian Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
J Crit Care 18:87-94. 2003..CONCLUSION: Utilization of an important patient safety measure may be increased by focused interventions at an urban tertiary care hospital...