J Zaia

..Sulfate adducted ions were observed in the product ion spectra of singly charged tetramer and hexamer oligosaccharides. This sulfate adduction was determined to result from migration of neutral sulfate during excitation...

..This review summarizes progress on mass-spectrometry-based GAG glycomics methods. The areas covered include disaccharide analysis, oligosaccharide profiling, and tandem mass spectrometric sequencing...

..This chapter summarizes applications of CS/MS to analysis of carbohydrates, glycoproteins, and glycopeptides that have appeared since 2008. Readers are referred to recent comprehensive reviews covering earlier publications...

..Next, the uses of tandem mass spectrometry of glycans are summarized. The review finishes with an update on mass spectral glycoproteomics...

..This review summarizes the application of these approaches to on-line MS analysis of the GAG classes...

..Mass spectrometry (MS) is emerging as an enabling technology in the field of glycomics. This review summarizes recent developments in mass spectrometric analysis methods for protein-based glycomics and glycoproteomics workflows...

..Mass spectrometric detection produces far more information than conventional UV or fluorescent detectors and allows the monosaccharide composition of individual components to be determined...

..Mechanisms for product ion formation are proposed based on tandem mass spectra and the abundances of product ions as a function of collision energy...

..Second, calcium ion complexation of HLGAGs stabilizes the sulfate groups, increases the relative abundances of backbone cleavage ions, and decreases the abundances of ions produced from SO3 losses...

..For charge states where charge equals the number of sulfates, abundant odd-numbered Bn and Yn ions are observed. The percent total ion abundances of these ions indicate the position of sulfation...

..The capability of tandem MS to differentiate uronic acid epimers is also shown, providing evidence that complete or nearly complete information on CS covalent structure may be obtained using tandem MS...

..Mass spectrometric techniques for the ionization and fragmentation of oligosaccharides are discussed so as to give the reader the background to make informed decisions to solve structure-activity relations in glycomics...

..Mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance are complementary instrumental techniques for glycan analysis. Finally, microarrays are emerging as powerful new tools for dynamic analysis of glycan expression...

..The data demonstrate the value of the tetraplex stable isotope tagging approach for producing high-quality glycomics compositional profiling and fine structural analysis...

..These results have strong practical implications because a major portion of glycans released from mammalian proteins will be sialylated...

..The improved CE-LIF method enables disaccharide quantification of biologically relevant proteoglycans from small samples of intact tissue...

..This chapter describes a method for connective tissue GAG extraction, derivatization, and workup for subsequent capillary electrophoretic and/or mass spectrometric analysis...

..However, when they do, they tend to terminate in a subset of N-sulfated disaccharides. Our observations are consistent with a significant role of NRE NS domains in HS-growth factor interactions...

..This work presents the first application of a glycomics platform for the quantification of CS oligosaccharide mixtures for obtaining specific information about the positions of GalNAc sulfation and uronic acid epimerization...

..The results provide important new information on the changes to the expression of CS GAG chains during disease and development...

..Decorin samples ranged from 30% CSB-like repeats for those samples from articular cartilage to 75% for those from sclera. These values agree with known levels of glucuronyl C5-epimerase in these tissues...

..Optimized SEC affords separation of characteristic heparin trisaccharides that contain uronic acid at the reducing end and suggest cellular storage of heparin as a free glycan...

..These results show that the new method has sufficient accuracy to allow determination of topographical distribution of glycoforms in connective tissue...

..In summary, chip based amide-HILIC LC/MS is an enabling technology for GAG glycomics profiling...

..Quantitation of partially depolymerized glycosaminoglycan mixtures, as well as N-linked glycans released from fetuin, is used to demonstrate the utility of the tetraplex tagging strategy...

..The specificity of the hexasaccharides binding ATIII was confirmed by assaying their ability to enhance ATIII-mediated inhibition of Factor Xa in vitro...

..It is expected that this technology will enable quantitative, comparative glycomics profiling of extended GAG oligosaccharide domains of functional interest...

..This approach confirmed isomeric enrichment of these compositions and, most importantly, produces ions diagnostic of their biological activity...

..The data show the presence of a disaccharide with an unsubstituted amino group that is endogenous and widely expressed in mammalian organ tissues...

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..The costs of instrument operation, supplies, and service contract will be shared by the users, as stated in their support letters. The salary for the instrument operator will be provided by the Dean of BU School of Medicine. ..

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..This research will explore the structure-function relationships of vascular heparan sulfates in order to inform efforts to develop protein binding microarrays, drugs and therapeutics. ..