Jane Freedman

..In this study, we examined the effect of sCD40L on platelet function and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) generation...

..Quantitative differences in the abundance of transcripts has been demonstrated in malignancies, but gene expression from a large community-based cohort examining risk of cardiovascular disease has never been reported...

..By defining these changes, new insight into cerebrovascular disease and its therapeutics is being achieved...

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..However, this process is complex and influenced by a myriad of cellular and plasma-derived mediators that regulate the balance between occlusive and nonocclusive thrombosis...

..Diseases including atrial fibrillation and coronary atherothrombotic disease have been associated with impaired NO release or decrease in NO bioavailability...

..These data suggest that the redox-dependent properties of dipyridamole have a direct effect on vascular cells...

..While CD40 was recently reported to be present on neutrophils, the detailed mechanism of its interaction with platelets via CD40-CD40L has not been examined...

..These findings suggest potentially beneficial platelet-dependent antithrombotic and anti-inflammatory properties of purple grape-derived flavonoids...

..In summary, stimulation of platelets by either thrombotic or immune receptors leads to markedly different signalling responses and granular protein release consistent with differential contribution to coagulation and thrombosis...

..The biological mechanisms, population prevalence, laboratory methods for detection, and clinical relevance of aspirin resistance are discussed in this review...

..CONCLUSION: These observations suggest that the pharmacological effects of GPIIb/IIIa antagonists on platelet function, apart from inhibition of aggregation, may contribute to their efficacy...

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..This work substantiates the role of platelets in the immune and inflammatory response and suggests a mechanism by which bacteria could directly activate platelets...

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..Understanding the roles and regulation of CD40-CD40L-mediated oxidative signaling in immune and non-immune cells could facilitate the development of therapeutics targeting diverse inflammatory diseases...

..In summary, we show that hypoxia can alter CD40-CD40L mediated endothelial-monocyte interaction, playing a significant role in vascular inflammation and cellular adhesion processes...

..In an animal model of vascular plaque, M118 is a potent inhibitor of arterial thrombosis and, despite lower in vivo anti-Xa and anti-IIa activity levels, M118 was superior to UFH in the prevention of arterial thrombosis...

..Through TLRs, platelets go beyond hemostatic regulation and play a pivotal role in inflammation and infection...

..Together, these studies reveal a new pathway by which VEGF-CD40L interactions can regulate the angiogenic and inflammatory process depending on the specific environment...

..In addition, therapeutic opportunities in the area of nutragenomics and nutraceuticals in vascular and nonvascular diseases are also discussed...

..Increased CD40L and MCP1 may contribute to the adherence of CD40-positive cells, such as platelets and monocytes, to the vessel wall modulating atherothrombosis...

..This results in modest changes in platelet function and seems to be consistent with previous oncological studies demonstrating tamoxifen-dependent increase in reactive oxygen species generation...

..In conclusion, our data demonstrate the complex nature of CD40L and highlight the distinct processes of expression, shedding, and clearance of this ligand in patient populations...

..Such compensatory mechanisms may partially explain the lack of spontaneous thrombosis, minimally elevated baseline blood pressure, and normal life span that are seen in animals deficient in a pivotal regulator of vascular patency...

..Overall, despite the existing controversies, antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and/or clopidogrel remains a proven and essential therapeutic tool for safe and effective management of atherothrombotic risk in specific clinical settings...

..Due to the multifactorial nature of cardiovascular disease, it is likely that a single therapy like aspirin cannot fully treat and prevent all thrombotic complications in the setting of atherosclerosis...

..Recently, through the development of new NO donors and by targeting specific signaling pathways, there has been an attempt to enhance the antithrombotic actions of NO as a means to manipulate arterial thrombosis...

..Circulating soluble CD40L (sCD40L) concentration predicts cardiovascular risk in selected patient samples. The purpose of this study was to determine the predictors of sCD40L in a large, community-based sample...

..Currently, however, there are many unanswered questions regarding the biological mechanism, diagnosis, population prevalence, clinical relevance, and optimal therapeutic intervention for aspirin resistance...

..This article reviews the current experimental and clinical evidence for the role of TLRs in the cardiovascular system, and examines the mechanisms by which TLR antagonists could potentially be used in targeted therapy...

..PI3-kinase plays a role in regulating NADPH oxidase-generated superoxide in platelets and, by altering the bioactivity of platelet NO, may be a potential method for reversing platelet aggregation and thrombus formation...

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..Do changes in gene expression in platelets and leukocytes predict subclinical and clinical CVD? ..

..We have continued to examine the imoortance of this mutation to the vascular response. ..

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..Do changes in gene expression in platelets and leukocytes predict subclinical and clinical CVD? ..