R C Ellison

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..Previous family studies have shown a significant heritable component to heart rate with several groups conducting genomic linkage scans to identify quantitative trait loci...

..We propose an empirical method to adjust lipid levels for medication effects so that the adjusted lipid values substitute the unmedicated lipid values in the genetic analysis...

..While genetic factors are major determinants of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), environmental factors also play a role. The latter include 3 modifiable lifestyle factors: alcohol consumption, physical activity, and smoking...

..Cohort studies with less than 10 years of follow-up gave estimates 11% higher than cohort studies with longer follow-up periods. No meaningful difference was seen by menopausal status or type of beverage consumed...

..Previous results have been conflicting, showing increases, decreases, or no effect of alcohol on risk of calcified plaque...

..Thus, middle-aged or older men and post-menopausal women with no contraindications to alcohol use should be informed that they have, on average, net health benefits from the regular consumption of small-to-moderate amounts of alcohol...

..We conclude that the metabolic syndrome and most of its components are associated with a higher prevalence of calcified atherosclerotic plaque in the coronary arteries and abdominal aorta in white and African-American men and women...

..We conclude that the Le(a-b-) phenotype is associated with an increased risk for CHD; its effect does not appear to act predominantly through conventional cardiovascular risk factors. At present, mechanisms of effect are unknown...

..This suggests that consumption of low-fat dairy products might be more beneficial for preventing HTN...

..033). No association was found between bone mass and rectal cancer. The findings suggest that women with higher bone mass, perhaps reflecting greater cumulative estrogen exposure, have a decreased risk of colon cancer...

..Smoking may enhance genetic susceptibility to an unfavorable lipid profile among subjects with apo epsilon4...

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..39 for men and 0.36 for women). These data suggest that higher fiber intake is inversely associated with PAI-1, but not with fibrinogen concentration...

..In summary, each of the ADR gene polymorphisms was associated with heart rate in at least one stratum studied, but there was no consistent association from which one would infer a large genetic contribution to heart rate...

..We studied the relationship between ALT levels and these disorders in a long-term follow-up study...

..It is unclear whether the increased risk of colon cancer associated with obesity differs for men and women, by distribution of body fat, or by location of the tumor. The primary goal of this study was to address these questions...

..The purpose of this study was to assess the relation of alcohol consumption and type of beverage to the development of IC among participants in the Framingham Heart Study...

..To investigate the extent to which parents' degree of dietary self-control, as measured by self-reported dietary restraint, disinhibition, and perceived hunger, affects the development of excess body fat in the child...

..Studies in humans and animals also reported an inverse association between alpha-linolenic acid and cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality...

..Under these conditions, we did not demonstrate a beneficial acute effect of red wine on endothelial function...

..To assess whether dietary linolenic acid is associated with fasting insulin and glucose...

..To conduct a full genome search for genes potentially influencing two related phenotypes: body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) and percent body fat (PBF) from bioelectric impedance in men and women...

..The Framingham Heart Study has over the years produced mathematical "health risk appraisal models" that relate risk factors to the probability of developing CHD...

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..Diets characterized by high intakes of fruits and vegetables and low-fat dairy products (for example, the DASH diet) have been shown to reduce blood pressure in adults. The effects of similar diets on children's blood pressure are unknown...

..These data suggest that dietary linolenic acid is associated with a lower prevalence of hypertension and lower systolic blood pressure in white subjects...

..To examine the association between total and beverage-specific alcohol consumption and the prevalence odds of metabolic syndrome (MS)...

..03), whereas wine (P(trend) =.7) and spirit (P(trend) =.2) consumption were not. Our data suggest that total and beverage-specific alcohol consumption are not associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer...

..Here, we examined whether SUA is associated with CAC, using the same study sample and methods as for our previous carotid atherosclerosis study...

..The goal of this study was to examine whether higher consumption of total linolenic acid was associated with rate-adjusted QT and JT intervals (QTrr and JTrr, respectively)...

..High dietary intake of linolenic acid is associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease mortality. However, little is known about the association between linolenic acid and subclinical atherosclerosis...

..The interaction does not appear to be mediated through effects on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol...

..Few studies address long-term effects of weight loss on risk of incident hypertension among overweight adults...

..Population trends in patterns of alcohol use are important data for policymakers but are generally based on repeated cross-sectional surveys...

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..In conclusion, our data indicate little association between long-term moderate alcohol consumption and the risk of AF, but a significantly increased risk of AF among subjects consuming >36 g/day (approximatively >3 drinks/day)...

..Dietary intake of linolenic acid is associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease mortality. However, it is unknown whether linolenic acid is associated with a lower risk of carotid atherosclerosis...

..To examine the relation of bone mass-a potential biologic marker for cumulative exposure to androgens, insulin-like growth factors, and calcium intake-to subsequent development of prostate cancer...

..Lower concentrations of albumin have been positively related to coronary disease. The aim of this project was to assess the association between serum albumin and carotid atherosclerosis...

..Reports on the association between alcohol consumption and the risk of lung cancer have been inconsistent. The purpose of this study was to assess this association in a cohort study...

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..Apolipoprotein E (apoE) isoforms and lifestyle factors play an important role in the development of coronary heart disease. The association of apoE and carotid atherosclerosis remains controversial...

..Stroke is a major cause of death in the United States. The association between alcohol consumption and ischemic stroke (IS) remains controversial...

..Studies to date, however, have not consistently demonstrated such a protective effect. We used longitudinal data from the Framingham Children's Study (FCS) to address this important question...

..An elevated LDL-cholesterol concentration is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The association between fruit and vegetable consumption and LDL has been inconsistent...

..Dietary intake of linolenic acid is associated with a decreased risk of cardiovascular disease mortality. However, the mechanisms by which dietary linolenic acid affects cardiovascular disease risk are not clearly understood...

..In 70% of the cases the physician and HW were in exact agreement. Such a method, if confirmed in other studies among rural populations, may be an important approach to determining cause of death in many developing countries...

..00005). All five of these SNPs are predicted to modify transcription-factor binding sites. This may indicate new functional variants in an extended promoter region of LEP...

..Moderate alcohol consumers have lower rates of cardiovascular disease than abstainers. One proposed mechanism is a beneficial effect on hemostatic parameters, but previous studies have provided conflicting results...

..001). These results suggest that bone mineral density in the elderly is associated with verbal memory impairment. The mechanisms underlying this relation are not understood, but cumulative exposure to estrogen may play a role...

..Previous studies have suggested a positive association between phenotypes of fucosyltransferase 3 (FUT3) gene (also known as Lewis gene) and coronary heart disease...

..This study provides no evidence that these common MTR and MTRR mutations are associated with alterations in plasma homocysteine...

..To prospectively examine the relation between television watching and body fat change in children from preschool to early adolescence...

..We sought to examine the relations between parental obesity and the serum ALT and AST levels among offspring in a community-based sample...

..These results overlap other published scans, particularly regions on chromosomes 1 and 6, which have been implicated in familial combined hyperlipidemia...

..To the contrary, when consumed in moderation, alcohol appears to protect against congestive heart failure...

..Instead we found some evidence for the segregation of an allele associated with high HDL-C. d..

..In conclusion, CAC was strongly associated with CHD even after adjustment for standard risk factors and family history contributed independently to CHD risk...

..Chromosome 15 likely harbors a susceptibility locus with an influence on triglycerides and HDL. Regions on chromosomes 6 and 8 may also contain loci contributing to inter-individual variation in plasma triglycerides...

..However, no population-based studies have critically addressed this issue...

..Failure to examine younger patients separately may explain why some studies have found no association between the genotype and cardiovascular disease...

..To examine whether blood pressure (BP) differs between arms in hypertensive siblings and randomly selected volunteers, and whether this difference is explained by cardiovascular risk factors...

..The present analyses investigated possible pathways for earlier reported associations in the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Family Heart Study between hostility and coronary and carotid end points...

..A review of numerous clinical trials that investigated the effects of BP-lowering medications is summarized here...

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..Moreover, the present study validates previous evidence for one or more genes on chromosome 2 that influence hypertension-related phenotypes in the population-at-large...

..To evaluate familial and genetic influences on carotid artery plaque, a qualitative marker of the systemic burden of atherosclerosis...

..The resulting synthesis of ideas and amassed data permits rigorous hypothesis testing not otherwise possible and will hasten understanding of the previously elusive genetic variation responsible for disease risk. ..

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..The study will produce a unique dataset and will provide information that should improve our knowledge of the net effects of alcohol throughout adult life. ..