ANDREW BUDSON

..Developments over the last 27 years have lead to the need for new diagnostic criteria...

..As new diagnostic tools and treatments for AD become available, diagnoses using these criteria will enable patients with AD dementia, MCI due to AD and eventually preclinical AD to receive the best possible care...

..Possible explanations of this liberal response bias in patients with AD are discussed...

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..Lastly, although memory distortions were common among all groups, they were greatest in the patients with AD...

..Neurologic injury may cause damage to one or more of these memory systems...

..Implications of these findings for understanding gist memory and response bias in patients with AD are discussed...

..This finding suggests that patients with mild AD are less likely to engage in feature-by-feature comparison processes across choice options, a change that may lead them to make qualitatively different choices than healthy older adults...

..To examine 3 different aspects of the emotional memory effect in aging and Alzheimer disease (AD): item-specific recollection, gist memory, and recognition response bias...

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..To better understand memory distortions and false recognition in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD), using a paradigm of categorized color photographs...

..These findings suggest that patients with mild AD are able to use conceptual fluency in their recognition judgments and the neural mechanisms supporting such processing is maintained...

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..The authors suggest that the distinctiveness heuristic is a metacognitive strategy, dependent upon the frontal lobes, that may be engaged by healthy individuals to reduce their false recognition...

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..Moreover, the results support the notion of there being different patterns of normal cognitive aging and the need to identify the factors that influence them...

..The effects on the N400 may be related to the impact of fluency on familiarity, whereas later processing may be involved in the attribution of fluency to prior experience...

..In addition to examining P300 in patients with AD, the current study examined the utility of P300 as a preclinical marker in the offspring of AD patients...

..The findings of this study suggest that pictures allow older adults to compensate for their impaired memorial processes, and may allow these memorial components to function more effectively in older adults...

..This is the first pathological evidence that repetitive head trauma experienced in collision sports might be associated with the development of a motor neuron disease...

..This result suggests that the frontal lobes are necessary for self-initiation of this strategy during recognition memory tasks...

..The findings are discussed in terms of visual processing and possible clinical importance...

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..To investigate whether changing recognition stimuli from words to pictures would alter response bias in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD)...

..Deposition of beta-amyloid, most commonly as diffuse plaques, occurs in fewer than half the cases. Chronic traumatic encephalopathy is a neuropathologically distinct slowly progressive tauopathy with a clear environmental etiology...

..Further, the authors address the possibility that enhanced retrieval monitoring may be needed to modulate increased familiarity engendered by pictures...

..The authors highlight differences in stimuli type and task difficulty as possibly modulating the ability of these patients to successfully use familiarity in support of memorial decisions...

..From these results, the authors speculate that the parietal old/new effect may be the neural correlate of an individual's subjective recollective experience...

..These results are discussed in relation to previous findings reporting P300 abnormalities in the FH+ group...

..From these results and the dynamic view of memory afforded by viewing the data as video clips, the authors propose an ERP model of recognition memory...

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..Three participants with normal memory declined. Implications for using IQ-adjusted norms to predict preclinical AD are discussed...

..Last, distortions of memory for personal information were frequent for all participants but were more common in patients with AD...

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..Because medications to treat AD may preferentially improve gist memory or item-specific recollection, use of this type of paradigm may improve sensitivity for detection of drug effects more than standard memory tests...

..We hypothesise that cognitively high performing old individuals successfully manage the task by relying on additional neural resources and perhaps more effortful frontal activity than their younger counterparts...

..Implications for understanding semantic memory in AD patients are discussed...

..These PS1 subjects will go on to develop the first symptoms of the disease around the age of 45 years. Our objective was to examine hippocampal function years before the onset of clinical symptoms...

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..We speculate that AD patients' over reliance upon fluency may be attributable to (1) dysfunction of the hippocampus, disrupting recollection, and/or (2) dysfunction of prefrontal cortex, disrupting post-retrieval processes...

..Thus, although the processes subserved by the human parietal lobe appear to be recruited to support memory function, they are not a necessary requirement for accurate remembering to occur...

..Previous work has described a late posterior negativity which appears to be related to the search for and recapitulation of study details. Such processing may be critical in making Remember/Know determinations...

..We propose that the overdependence on degraded gist memory in AD is caused by even larger impairments in item-specific recollections...

..This latter result is discussed with regard to the possibility of an overlapping posterior negativity...

..AD impaired this recall-to-reject process, leading to more familiarity based false alarms. These data support the idea that recollection-based monitoring processes are impaired in mild AD...

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..These results help further specify the precise nature of memory impairments in AD...

..In contrast, false recognition in AD patients actually increased following the deep processing task, suggesting that they were unable to use recollection to oppose familiarity arising from incidental presentation...

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..The research conducted will advance our understanding of memory and its distortions in patients with AD, and may provide insights into encoding and retrieval in healthy individuals. ..

..Taken together, the proposed studies will provide new insights into memory in AD which may lead to improvements in our research and clinical care of patients with AD. ..

..Taken together, the proposed studies will provide new insights into memory in AD which may lead to improvements in our research and clinical care of patients with AD. ..